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This collection of fourteen original essays addresses the seminal contribution of Franz Brentano and his heirs to philosophy of language. Despite the great interest provoked by the Brentanian tradition and its multiple connections with early analytic philosophy, precious little is known about the Brentanian contribution to philosophy of language. The aim of this new collection is to fill this gap by providing the reader with a more thorough understanding of the legacy of Brentano and his school, in their pursuit of a unique research programme according to which the analysis of meaning is inseparable from philosophical inquiries into what goes on in the mind and what there is in the world. In three parts, the volume first reconstructs Brentano’s pathbreaking thoughts on meaning and grammatical illusions, exploring their strong connections with the Austro-German tradition and analytic philosophy. It then addresses the transformations of his views in the Brentano School: the theory of modifying adjectives, the objectivity of meaning in Meinong, Twardowski and Husserl, and the account of typicality held by the latter. Finally, part three deals with Brentano’s wider legacy, focusing on philosophers who, though not members of his school, were strongly influenced by him, such as Buehler, the representatives of the Lvov-Warsaw School and Ingarden. The result is a unique collection of essays which shows the significance, originality and timely character of the Brentanian philosophy of language.