アジア・中東・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカ・オセアニア — 全 下位分類

In Facing the Victorious Turks, Andrew Orr argues that French military, intelligence, and diplomatic officials' Orientalism and racism led them to misinterpret the Turkish War of Independence by placing Europeans at the center of their analysis of the Middle East. French observers' flawed understanding of Muslims and Islam fed conspiracy theories that distorted their understanding of Germany, the emerging Soviet Union, Middle Eastern politics, and colonialism. It allowed them to perceive and report the danger of Middle East-wide revolts without questioning whether it was European rule itself that was causing the political turmoil. French military leaders were thus able to escape the sort of self-reflection that might have exposed the exploitative nature of colonialism and pushed them to question the moral and strategic justifications for colonial rule.

Orr's study draws on French and British military, diplomatic, and intelligence documents, published Turkish sources, journalistic accounts, and combatants' and aid workers' journals. It also takes advantage of US intelligence and diplomatic papers that included correspondence with French military and diplomatic officials in Constantinople.

Facing the Victorious Turks is valuable reading for anyone interested in nationalism and imperialism, intelligence studies, French involvement in the Middle East, and modern Turkish history.

The book provides a comprehensive and long-term assessment of Turkey's evolving role in Africa at different levels ranging from political to economic, cultural and military ties. It engage with discussions surrounding Turkey's strengths and weaknesses in its foreign policies targeting African countries.

Rather than taking policy discourses for granted, the chapters in this volume unpack the overall effectiveness of Turkey's Africa strategy on the ground. Starting with an analysis of Turkey's role conception as a centre country, the book continues with an examination of the impact of Turkey's embassies on trade with Africa. It also provides insights into the statements, accomplishments and the effectiveness of Turkey's summit diplomacy with the continent, exploring the intricacies of resource control in its Africa policy beyond the conventional soft-hard power binary. The book delves into its humanitarian assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic, uncovers the maritime nexus in Turkey's African agenda, examines its arms exports to Africa and elucidates the nature of these transactions. It offers a nuanced understanding of Turkey's growing engagement in the continent, making it an essential read for the scholars, researchers, policy makers and anyone intrigued by the dynamic interplay between Turkey and African countries. This book will be useful for students, researchers and scholars of politics and international relations broadly, and particularly relevant for anyone interested in Turkish foreign policy and politics, African politics and Eurasian geopolitics.

The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies.

A new history of Brazil told through the lens of the often-overlooked interior regions.

In colonial Brazil, observers frequently complained that Portuguese settlers appeared content to remain "clinging to the coastline, like crabs." From their perspective, the vast Brazilian interior seemed like an untapped expanse waiting to be explored and colonized. This divide between a thriving coastal area and a less-developed hinterland has become deeply ingrained in the nation's collective imagination, perpetuating the notion of the interior as a homogeneous, stagnant periphery awaiting the dynamic influence of coastal Brazil.

The Interior challenges these narratives and reexamines the history of Brazil using an "interior history" perspective. This approach aims to reverse the conventional conceptual and geographical boundaries often employed to study Brazilian history, and, by extension, Latin America as a whole. Through the work of twelve leading scholars, the volume highlights how the people and spaces within the interior have played a pivotal role in shaping national identities, politics, the economy, and culture. The Interior goes beyond the traditional boundaries of borderland and frontier history, expands on the current wave of scholarship on regionalism in Brazil, and, by asking new questions about space and nation, provides a fresh perspective on Brazil's history.

How Black and white Cubans navigated issues of race, politics, and identity during the post-Civil War and early Jim Crow eras in South Florida.

On July 4, 1876, during the centennial celebration of US independence, the city of Key West was different from other cities. In some of post-Civil War Florida, Black residents were hindered from participating in 4th of July festivities, but Key from participating in 4th of July festivities, but Key West's celebration, "led by a Cuban revolutionary mayor working in concert with a city council composed of Afro-Bahamians, Cubans, African Americans, and Anglos," represented a profound exercise in interracial democracy amid the Radical Reconstruction era.

Constructing Cuban America examines the first Cuban American communities in South Florida-Key West and Tampa-and how race played a central role in shaping the experiences of white and Black Cubans. Andrew Gomez argues that factors such as the Cuban independence movement and Radical Reconstruction produced interracial communities of Cubans that worked alongside African Americans and Afro-Bahamians in Florida, yielding several successes in interracial democratic representation, even as they continued to wrestle with elements of racial separatism within the Cuban community. But the conclusion of the Cuban War of Independence and early Jim Crow laws led to a fracture in the Cuban-American community. In the process, both Black and white Cubans posited distinct visions of Cuban-American identity.

An ethnography of the decolonization of Maya-ness.

On the Yucatan Peninsula today, undergraduates are inventing a new sense of being Maya by studying linguistics and culture in their own language: Maya. In this bold theoretical intervention informed by ethnographic research, Catherine Rhodes argues that these students are undoing the category of modernity itself. Created through colonization of the Americas, modernity is the counterpart to coloniality; the students, Rhodes suggests, are creating decoloniality's companion: "demodernity."

Disciplines like linguistics, anthropology, history, and archaeology invented "the Maya" as an essentialized ethnos in a colonial, modern mold. Undoing Modernity follows students and their teachers as they upset the seemingly stable ethnic definition of Maya, with its reliance on a firm dichotomy of Maya and modern. Maya linguistics does not prove that Maya is modern but instead rejects the Maya-ness that modernity built, while also fostering within the university an intellectual space in which students articulate identity on their own terms. An erudite and ultimately hopeful work of interdisciplinary scholarship that brings linguistic anthropology, Mesoamerican studies, and critical Indigenous studies into the conversation, Undoing Modernity dares to imagine the world on the other side of colonial/modern ideals of Indigeneity.

An ethnography and media analysis of LGBT+ activism in Sao Paulo during Brazil's conservative turn from 2010 to 2018.

For decades, LGBT+ activists across the globe have secured victories by persuasively articulating rights to sexual autonomy. Brazilian activists, some of the world's most energetic, have kept pace. But since 2010, a backlash has set in, as defenders of "tradition" and "family" have countered LGBT+ rights discourses using a rights-based language of their own.

To understand this shifting ground, Joseph Jay Sosa collaborated with Brazilian LGBT+ activists, who use the language of rights while knowing that rights are not what they seem. Drawing on the symbolic and affective qualities of rights, activists mobilize slogans, bodies, and media to articulate an alternative democratic sensorium. Beyond conventional notions of rights as tools for managing the obligations of states vis-a-vis citizens, activists show how rights operate aesthetically-enjoining the public to see and feel as activists do. Sosa tracks the fate of LGBT+ rights in a growing authoritarian climate that demands "human rights for the right humans." Interpreting conflicts between advocates and opponents over LGBT+ autonomy as not just an ideological struggle but an aesthetic one, Brazil's Sex Wars rethinks a style of politics that seems both utterly familiar and counterintuitive.

Based on unique empirical research into Colombia's Santos-FARC-EP peace process (2012-2016), this book interrogates how, if at all, survivors and victims may assert agency and contribute to formal peacemaking and transitional justice initiatives.

The book argues that victim inclusion meaningfully transformed victim-perpetrator relations and dynamics in Havana, while partially shaping the content of both the Victims' Agreement and Final Agreement. As such, the delegations created paths for empowerment at the individual and, in part, collective levels. However, victim inclusion also precipitated experiences of victim depoliticization, revictimization, retraumatization and instrumentalization.

Drawing on insights from across academic disciplines, the book proposes an instrumentalization / empowerment spectrum to analyse the complex impact of victim-centred approaches to peacemaking/transitional justice, and is valuable for both researchers and practitioners.

This book investigates how digital technologies, such as social media and artificial intelligence, can contribute to combatting corruption in Brazil.

Brazil, with its long history of scandals and abundant empirical data on digital media usage, serves as a perfect case study to trace the development of bottom-up and top-down digital anti-corruption technologies and their main features. This book highlights the connections between anti-corruption reforms and the rapid implementation of innovative solutions, primarily developed by tech-savvy public officials and citizens committed to anti-corruption efforts. The book draws on interviews with experts, activists and civil servants, as well as open-source materials and social media data to identify key actors, their practices, challenges and limitations of anti-corruption technologies. The result is a thorough analysis of the process of digitalisation of anti-corruption in Brazil, with a theoretical framework which can also be applied to other countries. The book introduces the concept of "integrity techies" to encompass social and political actors who develop and facilitate anti-corruption technologies, and discusses different outcomes and issues associated with digital innovation in anti-corruption.

This book will be a key resource for students, researchers and practitioners interested in technologies and development in Brazil and Latin America, as well as corruption and anti-corruption studies more broadly.

A study of transnational identity, migration, and state loyalties told through the social and political history of Iran's Khuzestan province.

In 1980, Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist forces invaded Khuzestan, one of the oldest and richest provinces in Iran, triggering the Iran-Iraq War. Shaherzad Ahmadi's Bordering on War examines the social history of Khuzestan and sheds light on how border dwellers, provincial leaders, and migrants in the region shaped Iran and Iraq's history before, during, and after the war.

Drawing from a rich collection of Persian- and Arabic-language archival sources-rarely used by western scholars due to restrictions in Iran-Ahmadi's research focuses on Arab Iranians and argues that Iranian border dwellers and migrants formed local, non-national loyalties, thereby eschewing bureaucratic pressures to confine loyalties to a single nation-state. The transnational character and ethnically diverse composition of Khuzestan, especially in the oil-rich towns on the southwestern border, led many, including Iraq's Ba'ath Party, to question the national belonging of Arab Iranians. Bordering on War contributes to a wider discussion about the ability of individuals and communities to exert agency through migration, trade, education, and other activities.

This book examines how the BJP became the world's largest political party. It goes beyond the usual narrative of the party's Hindutva politics to explain how, under Narendra Modi, the party reshaped the Indian polity using its own brand of social engineering. According to the findings of this book, this reconstruction was cleverly powered by new caste coalitions, the claim of a new welfare state that focused on marginalised social groups and the making of a women-voter base.

Based on data from three unique indices-the Mehta-Singh Social Index, which studies the caste composition of Indian political parties; the Narad Index, which calculates communication patterns across topics and audiences; and PollNiti, which connects and tallies hundreds of political and economic datasets-The New BJP is full of startling insights into the way both the party and the country function. Previously untapped historical records, exclusive interviews with party leaders and comprehensive reportage from across India provide a fresh understanding of the BJP's growth areas, including the Northeast and south India.

A lucid and objective study of the BJP and India today, this book will be useful to researchers, journalists, students, activists and general public alike.

Print edition not for sale in South Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka).

Written as a tribute to the revolutionary intellectual and leader Mzala Nxumalo, this book discusses the significance of his work in the context of contemporary South African left politics. It explores the history and struggle of the apartheid era that preceded the advent of democracy to analyze a crucial aspect of the national question - that is, the quest for the establishment of a united South Africa to overcome racist and sexist policies that create and nurture divisions among black people.

The subjects in this book deal with a wide range of topics, including the new social, economic and political challenges facing democratic South Africa; the need to reexamine the critique of capitalism in the 21st century; the relationship between race, class and community struggles; and the ecological challenges under capitalism.

Print edition not for sale in Sub Saharan Africa

This book presents valuable insights into the realities faced by security personnel as they deal with life-threatening situations in a high-stress security environment. The causes and consequences of stress are explored, followed by a comprehensive discussion of coping strategies and the negative consequences of not being able to cope effectively. In this book, a scientifically tested accessible model is also developed, which provides a visual overview of the stress management process and captures the flow between stressors, personality, and coping strategies.

South Africa's High-Stress Security Environment is a helpful guide for anyone who wants to gain a wider understanding and appreciation of the challenges and the courage of security personnel - which we often take for granted.

Print edition not for sale in Sub Saharan Africa.

This book explores the process of modernisation during the Porfiriato and the Conservative republic from the perspective of one of its most erratic agents: the urban police.

Taking a pragmalinguistic approach, this book examines police bureaucratic, journalistic, and literary writing practices that flourished in the wake of police professionalisation and in response to the demands of state expansion, urban order, and cultural disciplining. It outlines the precarious state of an institution that had to redefine itself in the face of change, as well as policemen's attempts to enforce and imagine different modes of doing modern estate, society, and culture. Integrating classical sociological theories and perspectives from Latin American police studies with debates on republican modernity, this study argues for an understanding of fin-de-siecle modernisation as a process of radical transformation rather than a maladaptation to Western modernity or blunt heteronomy.

With its comparative approach and theoretically informed analysis, this book will appeal to scholars exploring police formation in Argentina and Mexico, seeking new insights into this key period of national organisation, and questioning the premises underlying the interpretation of modernity. The transdisciplinary approach will be of interest to researchers of writing cultures and postgraduate students wishing to engage critically with the sources of history.

The Introduction of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Savings and insurance associations are widespread not only in Ethiopia but also in its diaspora, even in countries with diversified and comprehensive formal financial institutions. The contributors to this volume give an extensive overview of these associations in Ethiopia and its diaspora and, at the same time, ask what the activities within these associations tell us about their members' future aspirations and ideas of a >>good life<<.

A social history of alcohol, identity, secularism, and modernization from the late Ottoman and early Turkish republican eras to the present day.

Prohibition in Turkey investigates the history of alcohol, its consumption, and its proscription as a means to better understand events and agendas of the late Ottoman and early Turkish republican eras. Through a comprehensive examination of archival, literary, popular culture, media, and other sources, it unveils a traditionally overlooked-and even excluded-aspect of human history in a region that many do not associate with intoxicants, inebriation, addiction, and vigorous wet-dry debates.

Historian Emine OE. Evered's account uniquely chronicles how the Turko-Islamic Ottoman Empire developed strategies for managing its heterogeneous communities and their varied rights to produce, market, and consume alcohol, or to simply abstain. The first author to reveal this experience's connections with American Prohibition, she demonstrates how-amid modernization, sectarianism, and imperial decline-drinking practices reflected, shifted, and even prompted many of the changes that were underway and that hastened the empire's collapse. Ultimately, Evered's book reveals how Turkey's alcohol question never went away but repeatedly returns in the present, in matters of popular memory, public space, and political contestation.

This book examines the transformation and the dynamic reconfiguration of borders within Korea through inter/trans-disciplinary approaches.

The book offers a comprehensive synthesis for the changing geo-political, cultural, and economic dynamics among Korea's diasporas by applying the theme of "diasporas within homeland" as a theoretical lens. While diaspora remains a central theoretical perspective (often highlighting "out of home" experiences), the volume turns its gaze inward, "within homeland," to trace internal displacement, mobility, and diversity in Korea. In addition, this volume brings diverse scholarly traditions that bridge the diaspora with a wide range of theoretical lenses and methodological approaches, such as intercultural sensitivity and adaptation, acculturation, ideology critique, alienation, national memory, and postcolonialism. The book further explores the possibilities of coalition-building between/among diverse communities.

As a study of the notion of Korean identity and citizenship, this book will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Korean society and culture, Asian diasporas, cultural anthropology, and ethnicity.

This book explores the crucial political and diplomatic issue of migration, which over the past decade, has become a central theme in relations between Africa and Europe. It discusses the diverse perspectives of African and European actors on migration and presents a more just and sustainable migration governance agenda, against the backdrop of the more detailed reflections on the key policy priorities, drivers, regional dynamics, and actors influencing African-EU migration. By providing an insight into the complexities and challenges of Africa-Europe relations with regard to migration governance, this book aims to generate an understanding about the disparities within this policy field to work towards more common ground and long-term policy solutions.

Print edition not for sale in Sub Saharan Africa

Pakistan occupies an elevated role in China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and hosts its 'flagship' project, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). It has attracted the largest volume of investments under the BRI and opened itself comprehensively to its transformative potential. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of CPEC's impact on Pakistan's economy, politics, and society, covering its developmental benefits as well as resulting controversies.

Interdisciplinary and international experts capture the complexity of CPEC, presenting new empirical data in the form of interviews, archival materials, and documentary evidence. Covering topics ranging from agriculture to the environment, gender to security, they focus on local outcomes challenging prevalent narratives about the BRI as a strategic, China-driven vehicle to transform other countries in its image. They argue that examples like CPEC should be understood as interactive processes between China and its international partners, which produce interdependent relations between them. Beyond the case of CPEC, these findings contribute to the burgeoning field of 'Global China', through a comprehensive yet granular assessment of the first ten years of the BRI's flagship project.

This book will be of interest to scholars of area studies, regionalization, international relations and development studies, as well as China studies and South Asia studies focused on the most important and far-reaching national-level implementation of the BRI to date.

This volume focuses on the directions that African cultural studies has taken over the years and covers the following central themes: contemporary issues in African cultural studies; Gender and the making of identity; the dual discourses of Afropessimism and Afrofuturism; problematizing the African diaspora and methodology and African cultural studies.

The second of two volumes, the book predominantly pulls together a rich reservoir of previously published articles from Critical Arts: South-North Cultural and Media Studies. Taken together the two volumes re-expose for international readers sets of theories, methodologies and studies that not only have been influenced by global trends, but which themselves have contributed to shaping those trends. While the first volume addressed foundational themes and issues in African cultural studies, this second volume focuses on the directions that African cultural studies is taking; the complex ways in which gender can be seen at work in the making of identity; the juxtaposition of two relatively new themes in African cultural studies, namely Afropessimism and Afrofuturism; the ways in which the presence of continental Africans in the diaspora problematize taken-for-granted conceptions of diaspora and diasporic identity; identifying some of the methodological issues and approaches that have been taken up in African cultural studies work.

This book will be a key resource for academics, researchers and advanced students of African cultural studies, media and cultural studies, African studies, history, politics, sociology, and social and cultural anthropology, while also being of interest to those seeking an introduction to the sub-field of African cultural studies.