Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

〔英語版〕D.ファサン著　公衆衛生の世界
Fassin, Didier, The Worlds of Public Health: Anthropological Excursions. Tr. by R. Gomme. 272 pp. 2023 (Polity Pr., UK) <700-605>
ISBN 978-1-5095-5827-8 hard ¥15,081.- (税込) US$ 69.95 *
ISBN 978-1-5095-5828-5 paper ¥5,379.- (税込) US$ 24.95 *

Public health erupted into the world's consciousness in early 2020 with the Covid pandemic and its multiple social and economic consequences. What had been until then, for most people, a remote and specialized field of expertise suddenly became the very basis for the government of lives. The Worlds of Public Health analyzes the moral and political issues at stake in the practice of public health today, including the influence of positivism, the boundaries of disease, conspiracy theories, morality tests, and the challenges posed by the health of migrants and prisoners. This exploration transports readers from South Africa, the country most impacted by the AIDS epidemic, to Ecuador, with the supposedly highest maternal mortality rate in Latin America; from the scientific controversies concerning the so-called worm wars in Kenya to conflicts between doctors and patients around Gulf War syndrome in the United States; from lead poisoning and public housing in France to the Covid-19 pandemic worldwide. Through these case studies, Didier Fassin argues that, ultimately, public health is a politics of life, revealing the different and unequal ways in which life is valued - and either protected or not - in contemporary societies.

Pardo, Italo / Prato, Giuliana B. (eds.), The Legitimacy of Healthcare and Public Health: Anthropological Perspectives. (Palgrave Studies in Urban Anthropology) 296 pp. 2023:5 (Palgrave Macmillan, UK) <700-618>
ISBN 978-3-031-25591-5 hard ¥32,952.- (税込) EUR 139.99

The complex, highly problematic, often thorny dynamics of trust and authority are central to the anthropological study of legitimacy. In this book, this sine qua non runs across the in-depth examination of the ways in which healthcare and public health are managed by the authorities and experienced by the people on the ground in urban Europe, the USA, India, Africa, Latin America and the Far and Middle East. This book brings comparatively together anthropological studies on healthcare and public health rigorously based on in-depth empirical knowledge. Inspired by the current debate on legitimacy, legitimation and de-legitimation, the contributions do not refrain from taking into account the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the health systems under study, but carefully avoid letting this issue monopolise the discussion. This book raises key challenges to our understanding of healthcare practices and the governance of public health. With a keen eye on urban life, its inequalities and the ever-expanding gap between rulers and the ruled, the findings address important questions on the complex ways in which authorities gain, keep, or lose the public's trust.

Hadromi-Allouche, Zohar / MacKay, Michael Hubbard (eds.), Betwixt and Between Liminality and Marginality: Mind the Gap. 326 pp. 2023:4 (Lexington Books, US) <700-265>
ISBN 978-1-79364-489-3 hard ¥25,872.- (税込) US$ 120.00 *

Betwixt and Between Liminality and Marginality: Mind the Gap offers an interdisciplinary thinking on "the marginal" within society. Using the framework of Victor Turner's earlier notions of liminality, the book both challenges Turner's symbolic anthropology, and celebrates its continued influence across disciplines, and under new theoretical constraints. Liminality in its simplest forms provides language for meaningful approaches to articulate transition and change. It also represents complex social theories beyond Turner's classical symbolic approach. While demonstrating the enduring relevance of Turner's language for expressing transition, this volume keeps an eye toward the validity of critiques against him. It thus theorizes with Turner's work while updating, even abandoning, some of his primary ideas, when applying it to contemporary social issues.A central focus of this volume is marginality. Turner recognized that marginals, like liminars, are betwixt and between; however, they lack assurance that their ambiguity will be resolved. This volume explores the dialogic relationship of space and agency, to recognize marginal groups and people, and inquire, without a harmonious resolution, what happens to the marginals? Have race, class, gender, and sexual orientation become the space for thinking about reintegration and communitas? Each chapter examines how marginal groups, or liminal spaces and ideas, destabilize, shape, and affect the dominant culture.

Stausberg, Michael, Religions, Mumbai Style: Events-Media-Spaces. 320 pp. 2023:6 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <700-321>
ISBN 978-0-19-288937-9 hard ¥23,646.- (税込) GB￡ 83.00 *

Mumbai is generally recognized as an environment of extraordinary religious diversity. The city is known at one and the same time for a habitual cosmopolitanism and a series of violent religion-related conflicts and clashes. While there is much academic scholarship on various aspects of urban history and realities, this volume is the first international academic publication focusing on religion(s) in Mumbai. An extended introductory essay provides a scenario of the religious history of the city from the earliest colonial periods to the present; it also discusses such topics as public celebration and landmark religious places. By taking a thematic approach, the contributions highlight the dynamics of religious life in the city. Chapters discuss spatial settings such as so-called slums (Dharavi) and ghettos (Mumbra), but also roadside shrines and taxis. Other chapters focus on class and civil society organizations. Contributions discuss the crossing of religious boundaries, e.g., in dealing with intermarriage and conversion, and challenges faced by religious groups as to how to reconcile the religious diversity of the city with their own desire for recognition. Lines of tension and conflict often run within, and not so much between, communities.The two final chapters of the volume address the reflection of religion in fiction set in Mumbai and in the work of the Bombay poet Arun Kolatkar.

L.ローゼン著　イスラームとの出会い－ムスリム文化の人類学研究
Rosen, Lawrence, Encounters with Islam: Studies in the Anthropology of Muslim Cultures. 256 pp. 2023:10 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <700-1705>
ISBN 978-1-00-938903-7 hard ¥19,943.- (税込) GB￡ 70.00 *
ISBN 978-1-00-938898-6 paper ¥6,549.- (税込) GB￡ 22.99 *

Too often, Western encounters with the Islamic world commence with stereotypes and end with a renewed distance. Drawing from decades of experience studying the Muslim world, Lawrence Rosen challenges these narrow understandings. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, Rosen shows the wide-ranging significance of Muslim art, culture, and law around the world. Exploring political, economic, and social encounters within and with the Muslim world across the eras, he considers a wide range of contexts - from fifteenth-century mosaics in Central Asia that reveal a complex understanding of mathematics, to the political choices available to the youth of modern-day Morocco and Cairo. With in-depth analyses of art, law, and religion, and how they informed one another, Rosen develops a vibrant, nuanced portrait of the Islamic world. Drawing linkages across time, regions, and cultures, this is a significant anthropological study of the Islamic world from a seasoned scholar.

Brandon, Mark A., The Perils of Race-Thinking: A Portrait of Ales Hrdlicka. (CEU Press Studies in the History of Medicine) 240 pp. 2023:5 (Central European U. Pr., HU) <700-1981>
ISBN 978-963-386-612-2 hard ¥15,099.- (税込) GB￡ 53.00 *

Eugenics and scientific racism are experiencing a resurgence, and an understanding of the ideas of Ales Hrdlicka can help combat them. Today, the racial science of the early twentieth century is both untenable and contemptible. This book is about an arch figure of that period: Ales Hrdlicka served as Curator of Physical Anthropology at the prestigious Smithsonian Institution from 1910 to 1941. Although his ideas about race are today considered pseudoscience, the uncomfortable truth is that he was an internationally respected scientist in his own day. The Perils of Race-Thinking advances a bold new interpretation of modern racial ideology by exploring Hrdlicka's intellectual world. Using previously untapped Czech-language sources, Brandon irrevocably alters the discussion about this important figure by placing Czech nationalism at the center of his racial thinking. Defying disciplinary categories, Perils of Race-Thinking joins critical analysis of this key American anthropologist with an incisive revisionist perspective of interwar Czechoslovakia to unearth transnational racial presumptions lurking behind the worst crimes of the twentieth century. At the center of Hrdlicka's race beliefs was his commitment to Czech and Slovak unity and independence. From this center, his next level of concern was what he believed to be a millennial racial struggle between Germans and Slavs. On a global scale, he viewed the Slavs, and especially the Soviet Union, as a eugenic bastion of White strength holding off the "rising tide of color." Step by step, Perils of Race-Thinking mercilessly dismantles Hrdlicka's racial system and exposes it as mysticism dressed up in the language of science. Convinced that human individuals belonged "naturally" in racial groups, Hrdlicka embraced a revolutionary program of reordering the globe according to a harrowing morality of "Darwinist" struggle. Yet despite a lifetime of measuring body parts, even Hrdlicka could not decide how many races there were or how to tell them apart.

Brughmans, Tom / Peeples, Matthew A., Network Science in Archaeology. (Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology) 350 pp. 2023:4 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <700-1982>
ISBN 978-1-00-917066-6 hard ¥28,490.- (税込) GB￡ 100.00 *

The Cambridge Manual to Archaeological Network Science provides the first comprehensive guide to a field of research that has firmly established itself within archaeological practice in recent years. Network science methods are commonly used to explore big archaeological datasets and are essential for the formal study of past relational phenomena: social networks, transport systems, communication, and exchange. The volume offers a step-by-step description of network science methods and explores its theoretical foundations and applications in archaeological research, which are elaborately illustrated with archaeological examples. It also covers a vast range of network science techniques that can enhance archaeological research, including network data collection and management, exploratory network analysis, sampling issues and sensitivity analysis, spatial networks, and network visualisation. An essential reference handbook for both beginning and experienced archaeological network researchers, the volume includes boxes with definitions, boxed examples, exercises, and online supplementary learning and teaching materials.

Lindisfarne, Nancy / Neale, Jonathan, Why Men?: A Human History of Violence and Inequality. 440 pp. 2023:9 (Hurst, UK) <700-1985>
ISBN 978-1-80526-016-5 hard ¥7,122.- (税込) GB￡ 25.00 *

Are war and inequality inevitable, because evolution made men competitive and dominant? Think again with this entertaining yet powerful new history of 'true' human nature. How did humans, a species that evolved to be cooperative and egalitarian, develop societies of enforced inequality? Why did our ancestors create patriarchal power and warfare? Did it have to be this way? Elites have always called hierarchy and violence unavoidable facts of human nature. Evolution, they claim, has caused men to fight, and people-starting with men and women-to have separate, unequal roles. But that is bad science. Why Men? tells a smarter story of humanity, from early behaviours to contemporary cultures. From bonobo sex and prehistoric childcare to human sacrifice, Joan of Arc, Darwinism and Abu Ghraib, this fascinating, fun and important book reveals that humans adapted to live equally, yet the earliest class societies suppressed this with invented ideas of difference. Ever since, these distortions have caused female, queer and minority suffering. But our deeply human instincts towards equality have endured. This book is not about what men and women are or do. It's about the privileges humans claim, how they rationalise them, and how we unpick those ideas about our roots. It will change how you see injustice, violence and even yourself.

Lopez Varela, Sandra L. (ed.), Women in Archaeology: Intersectionalities in Practice Worldwide. (Women in Engineering and Science) 617 pp. 2023:5 (Springer, GW) <700-1986>
ISBN 978-3-031-27649-1 hard ¥47,076.- (税込) EUR 199.99

This book tells the story of women in archaeology worldwide and their dedication to advancing knowledge and human understanding. In their own voices, they present themselves as archaeologists working in academia or the private and public sector across 33 countries. The chapters in this volume reconstruct the history of archaeology while honoring those female scholars and their pivotal research who are no longer with us.Many scholars in this volume fiercely explore non-traditional research areas in archaeology. The chapters bear witness to their valuable and unique contributions to reconstructing the past through innovative theoretical and methodological approaches. In doing so, they share the inherent difficulties of practicing archaeology, not only because they, too, are mothers, sisters, and wives but also because of the context in which they are writing. This volume may interest researchers in archaeology, history of science, gender studies, and feminist theory. Chapter 11 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

民族誌の理論と実践案内　第3版
Madden, Raymond, Being Ethnographic: A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Ethnography. 3rd ed. 232 pp. 2022:12 (Sage, UK) <700-1987>
ISBN 978-1-5297-9187-7 hard ¥33,048.- (税込) GB￡ 116.00 *
ISBN 978-1-5297-9186-0 paper ¥11,107.- (税込) GB￡ 38.99 *

Being Ethnographic is a fundamental introductory guidebook to process and utilization of doing fieldwork within real-world settings. It explores our understanding of identities, the future of ethnography and the advancing role of technology in a global, networked society. The third edition of Being Ethnographic highlights the challenges introduced by the ethnographers' own interests, biases and ideologies and demonstrates the importance of methodological reflexivity. This fully updated third edition includes: Discussions on technology and multimodality as hands-on tools for the fieldHelpful insights into making thoughtful choices around a research design Aid in engaging ethically and effectively within the field Lasting tips for finalising and conducting research Raymond Madden provides invaluable guidance for applying fundamental ethnographic principles within the field and gives students and researchers everything they need to walk a mile in someone else's shoes.

Steel, Louise / Attala, Luci (eds.), Plants Matter: Exploring the Becomings of Plants and People. (Materialities in Anthropology and Archaeology) 224 pp. 2023:8 (U. Wales Pr., UK) <700-1991>
ISBN 978-1-83772-048-4 hard ¥17,094.- (税込) GB￡ 60.00 *

Plants Matter explores how plants and people live together. This is not only a book about the importance of plants and how people use them, but it argues also that knowing the world is achieved-with plants. In addition to populating the landscape, plants alter human physiology in multiple material ways, through gatherings or through sensorial conversations using the chemistry of taste, perfume, colour, sound and textures. The chapters gathered in this volume offer a range of interdisciplinary perspectives that use ethnographic and ethnobotanical information to explore how the behaviours and capacities of certain plants around the world have enticed, excited and even seduced people to pay attention.

Stratford, Elaine / Baldacchino, Godfrey / McMahon, E., Rethinking Island Methodologies. (Rethinking the Island) 204 pp. 2023:2 (Rowman & Littlefield, US) <700-1992>
ISBN 978-1-5381-6519-5 hard ¥22,638.- (税込) US$ 105.00

Rounding off the "Rethinking the Island" series, this book shares critical and creative insights on the methodologies and associated practices, protocols, and techniques used by those in island studies and allied fields. It explores why and how islands serve powerful analytical ends. Authored by three scholars who work in and across geography, sociology, and literary studies and incorporating conversations with colleagues from around the world, the work considers significant, interdisciplinary questions shaping the field, including on belonging, boundedness, decolonization, governance, indigeneity, migration, sustainability, and the consequences of climate change. In the process, the authors model what it means to think about and rethink island and archipelagic methodologies and point to emergent innovations in the field.

C.ヴルフ他編　人新世ハンドブック－遺産と将来の間の人類　全2巻
Wallenhorst, Nathanael / Wulf, Christoph (eds.), Handbook of the Anthropocene: Humans between Heritage and Future. 2 vols. 1990 pp. 2023 (Springer, GW) <700-149>
ISBN 978-3-031-25909-8 hard ¥77,678.- (税込) EUR 329.99 *

This Handbook is a collection of contributions of more than 300 researchers who have worked to grasp the Anthropocene, this new geological epoch characterised by a modification of the conditions of habitability of the Earth for all living things, in its biogeophysical and socio-political reality. These researchers also sought to define a historical and prospective anthropology that integrates social, economic, cultural and political issues as well as, of course, environmental ones. What are the anthropological changes needed to ensure that our human adventure will be able to continue in the Anthropocene? And what are the educational and political issues involved?Anthropocene is fast becoming a widely-used term, but thus far, there been no reference work explaining the thoughts of the greatest experts of the present day on this subject (at the intersection of biogeophysical and socio-political knowledge). A scientific and political concept (but which is also theconceptual vehicle for conveying the scientific community's sense of concern), this complex term is explained by international experts as they reflect on scientific arguments taking place in earth system science, the social sciences and the humanities. What these researchers from different disciplines have in common is a healthy concern for the future and how to prepare for it in the Anthropocene and also the identification of possible anthropological changes. This Handbook encourages readers to immerse themselves in reflections on the human adventure through descriptions of our differing heritages and the future that is in the process of being written.