Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

Gilmore, Nathaniel K., Montesquieu and the Spirit of Rome. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2022:10) 208 pp. 2022:10 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <678-23>
ISBN 978-1-80207-024-8 paper ¥18,518.- (税込) GB￡ 65.00 *

Montesquieu and the Spirit of Rome argues that the eighteenth-century French author Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brede et de Montesquieu (1689-1755) developed a novel, comprehensive account of Roman history that framed his new political science and grounded his political teachings. Rome's legacy in early-modern thought turns on the work of Montesquieu, and through Rome Montesquieu articulated the strengths and weaknesses of the modern state-the moderation that can distinguish it and sources of extremism that must haunt it. This book is the first to unify Montesquieu's Roman thoughts; it is the first to reconstruct the Rome that was one of his most powerful legacies in the 18th and 19th centuries. Montesquieu and the Spirit of Rome restores Rome to its proper place at the peak of Montesquieu's thought and Montesquieu's thought to its proper place in the history of classical study. It treats Montesquieu as what he claimed to be-a jurist, a poet, a historian, and a political writer of the first rank, and it revives his hard-nosed defence of moderation.

啓蒙思想の過去と現在－社会思想史研究
La Vopa, Anthony, Enlightenment Past and Present: Essays in a Social History of Ideas. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2022:09) 384 pp. 2022:9 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <678-24>
ISBN 978-1-80207-023-1 paper ¥18,518.- (税込) GB￡ 65.00 *

Over the last three decades Anthony La Vopa has extended his reach as an Enlightenment historian from Germany to England, Scotland, and France. Enlightenment Past and Present: Essays in a Social History of Ideas provides insights into all four contexts, with a view to understanding the Enlightenment's contours in spaces that were distinct but nonetheless shared in a European-wide engagement with a cluster of political, social, and cultural issues. The volume explores a wide variety of themes in the formation of modernity, including the construction of a public, the emergence of modern feminism, the problematic legitimacy of sexuality and marriage, the ideal and practice of friendship, patron-client relations, the conversational sociability of politeness, and the evolution of the essay as a genre. La Vopa aims to demonstrate in practice the new interest in restoring the social to intellectual history without falling back into reductionism. He throws a spotlight on a number of key texts in eighteenth-century philosophy. In several essays, La Vopa employs the resources of meaning in rhetorical cultures with thick social contexts to present Enlightenment texts not simply as print records, but as rhetorical performances with specific audiences. He also often intertwines contexts by focusing on biographical experience, using 'private' life traces such as diaries and other forms of correspondence, to enhance our understanding of published discourse. While drawing on the history of philosophy, the volume takes a decidedly more historical path through the canon. It includes essay reviews which take stock of developments in Enlightenment studies via critical appraisals of major recent contributions to the field.

C.スペクトール他編　ルソーとロック－批判的対話
Spector, Celine / Lenne-Cornuez, Johanna (eds.), Rousseau et Locke: Dialogues critiques. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2022:07) 272 pp. 2022:7 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <678-25>
ISBN 978-1-80085-474-1 paper ¥18,518.- (税込) GB￡ 65.00 *

Surmontant une opposition souvent outree entre les deux auteurs, ce volume reevalue l'heritage de la pensee de Locke chez Rousseau, dans tous les domaines de sa philosophie (identite personnelle, epistemologie, medecine, morale, pedagogie, economie, politique). Au-dela de l'histoire intellectuelle, l'ouvrage met en lumiere le dialogue critique fecond que Rousseau entretient avec Locke, quitte a identifier les distorsions que le Citoyen de Geneve fait subir a son predecesseur. Tout en etablissant la dette de l'auteur d'Emile a l'egard du 'sage Locke', le volume discerne la pertinence des objections que Rousseau lui adresse en operant un retour a la lettre de la philosophie de Locke. En quel sens Rousseau a-t-il etabli sa philosophie sur des 'principes communs' a ceux de Locke ? Quelle subversion fait-il subir a l'Essai concernant l'entendement humain ou aux Pensees sur l'education ? Quels sont les points aveugles de la philosophie de Locke que la critique rousseauiste permet de mettre en lumiere et, a l'inverse, les limites de la critique rousseauiste de Locke ? Tels sont les axes de cet ouvrage qui reunit des specialistes, en philosophie et en litterature, de Rousseau et de Locke. --Transcending an often outraged opposition between the two authors, this volume reassesses the legacy of Locke's thought in that of Rousseau, in all the areas of his philosophy (personal identity, epistemology, medicine, morality, pedagogy, economics, politics). Beyond an intellectual history, this collected volume highlights the fruitful critical dialogue that Rousseau maintains with Locke, while identifying the ways in which the Citizen of Geneva distorted his predecessor's thought. While establishing the author of Emile's debt to the 'sage Locke', the volume also discerns the relevance of Rousseau's objections to Lockian philosophy. In what sense did Rousseau establish his own philosophy on 'common principles' to those of Locke? How does he subvert the Essay Concerning Human Understanding or the Thoughts Concerning Education? What are the blind spots in Locke's philosophy that Rousseau highlights and, conversely, the limits of Rousseau's criticism of Locke? These are the main aspects of this volume, which brings together scholars in philosophy and literature, on Rousseau and Locke.

Tocchini, Gerardo, Diderot, Rousseau and the Politics of the Arts in the Enlightenment. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2023:01) 432 pp. 2023:1 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <678-26>
ISBN 978-1-80207-061-3 paper ¥21,367.- (税込) GB￡ 75.00 *

Biskup, Thomas / Marschke, B. / Pecar, A. et al. (eds.), Enlightenment at Court: Patrons, Philosophes, and Reformers in Eighteenth-century Europe. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2022:08) 299 pp. 2022:8 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <678-21>
ISBN 978-1-80085-507-6 paper ¥18,518.- (税込) GB￡ 65.00 *

This is the first comprehensive analysis of the royal and princely courts of Europe as important places of Enlightenment. The households of European rulers remained central to politics and culture throughout the eighteenth century, and few writers, artists, musicians, or scholars could succeed without establishing connections to ruling houses, noble families, or powerful courtiers. Covering case studies from Spain and France to Russia, and from Scandinavia and Britain to the Holy Roman Empire, the contributions of this volume examine how Enlightenment figures were integrated into the princely courts of the Ancien Regime, and what kinds of relationships they had with courtiers. Dangers and opportunities presented by proximity to court are discussed as well as the question of what rulers and courtiers gained from their interactions with Enlightenment men and women of letters. The book focusses on four areas: firstly, the impact of courtly patronage on Enlightenment discourses and the work as well as careers of Enlightenment writers; secondly, the court as an audience to be catered for by Enlightenment writers; thirdly, the function of Enlightenment narratives and discourses for the image-making of rulers and courtiers; and fourthly, the role the interaction of courtiers and Enlightenment writers played for the formulation of reform policies.

啓蒙思想期・革命期フランスにおけるJ.ハリントンの共和国
Ducrocq, Myriam-Isabelle, La Republique de Harrington dans la France des Lumieres et de la Revolution. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2022:12) 288 pp. 2022:12 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <678-22>
ISBN 978-1-80207-060-6 paper ¥18,518.- (税込) GB￡ 65.00 *

Depuis l'ouvrage de John Pocock, The Machiavellian Moment. Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Tradition (1975), on connait l'importance de James Harrington dans la pensee politique anglo-americaine a la periode moderne. Parce qu'au-dela de l'acte de resistance a la tyrannie, il promeut la democratie et propose les moyens constitutionnels de mettre en oeuvre la souverainete populaire dans un pays de vaste etendue, Harrington a incarne une forme distinctive de republicanisme. En retracant l'histoire de sa reception dans la France des Lumieres, cet ouvrage a pour but de combler un hiatus entre le grand recit pocockien du republicanisme machiavelien et l'historiographie de la Revolution francaise. En cela, il s'inscrit dans le panorama brosse en 2010 par l'historienne Rachel Hammersley, et va au-dela. D'une part, il accorde a Hume, Jaucourt ou Rousseau, aux cotes de ses nombreux traducteurs et commentateurs, un role central dans l'actualisation de la pensee de Harrington. D'autre part, il montre que son heritage intellectuel fut pluriel. Celui-ci n'est en effet pas seulement l'inspirateur de dispositions constitutionnelles specifiques : a l'heure ou se developpe l'economie politique, Harrington apparait comme le penseur d'une egalite relative des fortunes, percue comme la seule base possible d'un ordre politique stable.--John Pocock's book The Machiavellian Moment. Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Tradition (1975) has shown the importance of James Harrington in Anglo-American modern political thought. Beyond the act of resistance to tyranny, he vindicates democracy and provides the constitutional means for implementing popular sovereignty in a vast country. In doing so, Harrington has incarnated a distinctive form of republicanism.By reconstructing the history of his reception in eighteenth century France, this book aims to bridge the gap between the great Pocockian narrative of Machiavellian republicanism and the historiography of the French Revolution. It is set against the panorama offered by Rachel Hammersley in 2010 and aims to go further. On the one hand, it shows how central Hume, Jaucourt or Rousseau have been in reviving Harrington's thought, along with his numerous translators and commentators. On the other hand, it shows that his intellectual legacy was diverse. He did not only stand as the inspirer of specific constitutional measures: as political economy developed, Harrington also appeared as the theoretician of a relative equality of wealth among the people, perceived by many as the true basis of a stable political order.