Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

1800年以降の啓蒙思想の発明
Decultot, Elisabeth / Cronk, Nicholas (eds.), Inventions of Enlightenment Since 1800: Concepts of Lumieres, Enlightenment and Aufklaerung. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2023:11) 320 pp. 2023:11 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <706-18>
ISBN 978-1-80207-876-3 paper ¥21,367.- (税込) GB￡ 75.00 *

Enlightenment values, including an emphasis on human rights and belief in rationalism and progress, aspire to be universals, yet at the same time they are concepts grounded in the eighteenth century. Since the French Revolution we have grappled with the concepts of Enlightenment, Lumiere, Aufklaerung, in an attempt to understand how these eighteenth-century concepts continue to shape and influence modern notions of liberal culture. This collection of essays approaches these important questions in a resolutely European and multi-lingual perspective. Ranging from Victor Cousin to Peter Gay, different chapters consider Tocqueville and the Hegelian school (Bruno Bauer, David Friedrich Strauss, Hermann Hettner), the intellectual currents in Europe around 1900 (Wilhelm Dilthey, Gustave Lanson), the thinkers of the Weimar Republic (Ernst Cassirer) and of the Frankfurt School (Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno), and the debates after the Second World War (Franco Venturi). While the principal focus is on writing in French, German and English, the book also treats the Russian- and Italian-speaking worlds. This important contribution to the history of ideas helps us to redefine the Enlightenment. These essays do not merely describe historical assessments of an eighteenth-century movement of ideas: they contribute to the ongoing debate about the very nature of the concept of Enlightenment.

Girten, Kristin M., Sensitive Witnesses: Feminist Materialism in the British Enlightenment. 216 pp. 2024:2 (Stanford U. Pr., US) <706-19>
ISBN 978-1-5036-3303-2 hard ¥14,014.- (税込) US$ 65.00 *

Kristin M. Girten tells a new story of feminist knowledge-making in the Enlightenment era by exploring the British female philosophers who asserted their authority through the celebration of profoundly embodied observations, experiences, and experiments. This book explores the feminist materialist practice of sensitive witnessing, establishing an alternate history of the emergence of the scientific method in the eighteenth century. Francis Bacon and other male natural philosophers regularly downplayed the embodied nature of their observations. They presented themselves as modest witnesses, detached from their environment and entitled to the domination and exploitation of it. In contrast, the author-philosophers that Girten takes up asserted themselves as intimately entangled with matter-boldly embracing their perceived close association with the material world as women. Girten shows how Lucy Hutchinson, Margaret Cavendish, Aphra Behn, Eliza Haywood, and Charlotte Smith took inspiration from materialist principles to challenge widely accepted "modest" conventions for practicing and communicating philosophy. Forerunners of the feminist materialism of today, these thinkers recognized the kinship of human and nonhuman nature and suggested a more accessible, inclusive version of science. Girten persuasively argues that our understanding of Enlightenment thought must take into account these sensitive witnesses' visions of an alternative scientific method informed by profound closeness with the natural world.

Sciuto, Ruggero, Determinism and Enlightenment: The Collaboration of Diderot and d'Holbach. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2023:04) 336 pp. 2023:4 (Liverpool U. Pr., UK) <706-20>
ISBN 978-1-80207-767-4 paper ¥21,367.- (税込) GB￡ 75.00 *

This book examines Diderot's and d'Holbach's views on determinism to illuminate some of the most important debates taking place in eighteenth-century Europe. Insisting on aspects of Diderot's and d'Holbach's thought that, to date, have been given scant, if any, scholarly attention, it proposes to restore both thinkers to their rightful position in the history of philosophy. The book problematises Diderot's and d'Holbach's atheism by showing their philosophy to be deeply rooted in the Christian tradition and offers a more nuanced and historicised interpretation of the so-called "Radical Enlightenment", challenging the notions that this movement can be taken to be a perfectly coherent set of ideas and that it represents a complete break with "the old". By examining Diderot's and d'Holbach's works in tandem and without post-romantic assumptions about originality and single authorship, it argues that the two philosophers' texts should be taken as the product of a fascinating collaborative form of philosophical enquiry that perfectly reflects the sociable nature of intellectual production during the Enlightenment. The book further proposes a fresh interpretation of such crucial texts as the Systeme de la nature and Jacques le fataliste et son maitre and unveils a key web of concepts that will help researchers to better understand Enlightenment philosophy and literature as a whole.

ラテン語と啓蒙思想
Verhaart, Floris / Brockliss, Laurence (eds.), The Latin Language and the Enlightenment. (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment 2023:07) 440 pp. 2023:7 (Voltaire Foundation, UK) <706-21>
ISBN 978-1-80207-773-5 paper ¥21,367.- (税込) GB￡ 75.00 *

The long eighteenth century is often seen as the age 'when Europe spoke French'. After all, many of the leading figures of the Enlightenment were French and even a good number of authors in other countries chose this language to reach an audience beyond the borders of their homeland. Latin may have served a similar purpose in the Renaissance, but by the eighteenth century its importance quickly declined. This view is simplistic and misleading and this volume seeks to refute it. The essays presented in this book demonstrate Latin continued to play a highly important role during the long eighteenth century, both within Europe and in interactions between the 'West' and the rest of the world. It sheds light on the reasons why Latin remained a key factor in eighteenth-century culture, as well as the contexts in which it was used. In so doing, this volume makes a significant contribution to current debates on the nature of the Enlightenment and its place in global history.