Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

England, Christopher William, Land and Liberty: Henry George and the Crafting of Modern Liberalism. (Hagley Library Studies in Business, Technology, and Politics) 360 pp. 2023:4 (Johns Hopkins U. Pr., US) <692-126>
ISBN 978-1-4214-4540-3 hard ¥12,342.- (税込) US$ 55.00 *

A comprehensive history of Henry George and the single tax movement.In 1912, Sun Yat-sen announced the birth of the Chinese Republic and promised that it would be devoted to the economic welfare of all its people. In shaping his plans for wealth redistribution, he looked to an American now largely forgotten in the United States: Henry George. In Land and Liberty, Christopher William England excavates the lost history of one of America's most influential radicals and explains why so many activists were once inspired by his proposal to tax landed wealth. Drawing on the private papers of a network of devoted believers, Land and Liberty represents the first comprehensive account of this important movement to nationalize land and expropriate rent. Beginning with concerns about rising rents in the 1870s and ending with the establishment of New Deal policies that extended public control over land, natural resources, and housing, "Georgism" served as a catalyst for reforms intended to make the nation more democratic. Many of these concerns remain relevant today, including the exploitation of natural resources, rising urban rent, and wealth inequality. At a time when class divisions sparked fears that capitalism and democracy were incompatible, hopes of building a social welfare state using the rents of idle landlords revitalized the middle class's conviction that democracy and liberty could be reconciled. Against steep odds, George made land nationalization vital to the politics of a nation dominated by small farmers and helped push liberalism leftward through his calls for collective rights to land and natural resources.

いかに経済学者が緊縮を発明し、ファシズムへの道を開いたか
Mattei, Clara E., The Capital Order: How Economists Invented Austerity and Paved the Way to Fascism. 480 pp. 2022:11 (U. Chicago Pr., US) <692-127>
ISBN 978-0-226-81839-9 hard ¥6,732.- (税込) US$ 30.00 *

A Financial Times Best Book of the Year "A must-read, with key lessons for the future."-Thomas Piketty A groundbreaking examination of austerity's dark intellectual origins. For more than a century, governments facing financial crisis have resorted to the economic policies of austerity-cuts to wages, fiscal spending, and public benefits-as a path to solvency. While these policies have been successful in appeasing creditors, they've had devastating effects on social and economic welfare in countries all over the world. Today, as austerity remains a favored policy among troubled states, an important question remains: What if solvency was never really the goal? In The Capital Order, political economist Clara E. Mattei explores the intellectual origins of austerity to uncover its originating motives: the protection of capital-and indeed capitalism-in times of social upheaval from below. Mattei traces modern austerity to its origins in interwar Britain and Italy, revealing how the threat of working-class power in the years after World War I animated a set of top-down economic policies that elevated owners, smothered workers, and imposed a rigid economic hierarchy across their societies. Where these policies "succeeded," relatively speaking, was in their enrichment of certain parties, including employers and foreign-trade interests, who accumulated power and capital at the expense of labor. Here, Mattei argues, is where the true value of austerity can be observed: its insulation of entrenched privilege and its elimination of all alternatives to capitalism. Drawing on newly uncovered archival material from Britain and Italy, much of it translated for the first time, The Capital Order offers a damning and essential new account of the rise of austerity-and of modern economics-at the levers of contemporary political power.

マネタリスト－シカゴの貨幣の伝統の形成　1927～60年
Tavlas, George S., The Monetarists: The Making of the Chicago Monetary Tradition, 1927-1960. 480 pp. 2023:2 (U. Chicago Pr., US) <692-128>
ISBN 978-0-226-82318-8 hard ¥11,220.- (税込) US$ 50.00 *

An essential origin story of modern society's most influential economic doctrine. The Chicago School of economic thought has been subject to endless generalizations-and mischaracterizations-in contemporary debate. What is often portrayed as a monolithic obsession with markets is, in fact, a nuanced set of economic theories born from decades of research and debate. The Monetarists is a deeply researched history of the monetary policies-and personalities-that codified the Chicago School of monetary thought from the 1930s through the 1960s. These policies can be characterized broadly as monetarism: the belief that prices and interest rates can be kept stable by controlling the amount of money in circulation. As economist George S. Tavlas makes clear, these ideas were more than just the legacy of Milton Friedman; they were a tradition in theory brought forth by a crucible of minds and debates throughout campus. Through unprecedented mining of archival material, The Monetarists offers the first complete history of one of the twentieth century's most formative intellectual periods and places. It promises to elevate our understanding of this doctrine and its origins for generations to come.

Wagner, Adolf, Volkswirtschaft besser verstehen: Das Ungefaehre in der Nationaloekonomik. Zur guten Erinnerung an Adolph Wagner (1835-1917). 136 S. 2022:11 (Wissenschaft u. Praxis, GW) <692-129>
ISBN 978-3-89673-782-3 paper ¥8,483.- (税込) EUR 34.90 *

≫Economics Revisited. On the Immanent Inaccuracy of Economics. To Adolph Wagner (1835-1917)≪: Up to now economic theory is presented as mathematical economics with the scent of a precise and homogenous theory. But in the end we have fuzziness ? in variables, data and supposed functional relations. Differences between the existing economies as well as rapid changes by all kinds of innovations and demografic impulses would perhaps require fuzzy mathematics, nearly without any possibilities of prediction. The reasons are outlined in the book in hand.