アジア・中東・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカ・オセアニア — 全 下位分類

This book asks what peace means when the state wages war against its own citizens in the name of security in the war on drugs. Set in Rio de Janeiro, a deeply unequal city where life chances are shaped by race, class, gender and neighbourhood, it questions whose peace is protected, and at whose expense. Tracing the historical racialisation, marginalisation and criminalisation of the favelas, the book shows how this has resulted in complex forms of hybrid governance involving criminal groups, police and the state. It conceptualizes urban violence in Rio as a form of performative, necropolitical state war-making, where a discourse of security sustains deadly and inefficient operations in the favelas. In this violent context, the book explores favela peace formation as a grassroots alternative, in which residents construct new forms of nonviolent politics and envision more just and peaceful futures, offering important insights for rethinking and decolonizing peace.

This book addresses a notable lacuna within the corpus of English-language scholarship by investigating Ham Sok Hon's philosophy of peace. Ham Sok Hon (1901-1989) is hailed as one of modern Korea's most influential figures, having been nominated twice for the Nobel Peace Prize. Throughout his life, he embraced various roles, including those of activist, journalist, historian, poet, and philosopher, while consistently advocating for democratization, human rights, and labor rights. Whereas existing literature primarily offers biographical narrative, this work provides a focused and systematic analysis of Ham's fundamental doctrines concerning peace and non-violence. Central to this analysis is an in-depth exploration of Ham's key concepts, such as "ssial philosophy," "saengmyeong (life) consciousness," and the intriguing notion of "tteut (meaning)." By drawing from a wide range of philosophical and religious traditions believed to have influenced Ham's thinking, including Christianity, Hinduism, Confucianism, Daoism, as well as works by notable figures like H.G. Wells, Henry David Thoreau, Henry Bergson, Rabindranath Tagore, and Mahatma Gandhi, the proposed text aims to provide a nuanced, syncretic understanding of his conception of peace. Furthermore, the book contributes to the overall global discourse on peace and nonviolence.

This second part of a two-volume work offers a comprehensive exploration of China's ambitious "Made in China 2025" initiative and its broader geopolitical implications. By examining China's strategic shift from a low-cost manufacturing hub to a high-tech powerhouse, chapters provide a critical assessment of the initiative's progress and its impact on global economic dynamics.

In this volume, authors explore the idea that through the MIC 2025 initiative, China seeks not only to reduce structural dependencies on advanced economies but also to redefine the institutional logic governing.

Through expert contributions, readers will gain insights into the challenges and opportunities presented by China's industrial strategies, including the semiconductor "chips war" and the new global bipolarity centered around technology and innovation.

This volume is essential for scholars and practitioners in international political economy, Chinese studies, and global economic governance. It offers a nuanced understanding of China's evolving role on the global stage, making it a valuable resource for graduate-level courses and research institutions focused on contemporary China. With its interdisciplinary approach, the book provides a holistic view of China's rise and its implications for the future of global economic and strategic competition.

Lebanon hosts the highest number of refugees per capita in the world, including up to 1.5 million displaced Syrians. Many are Syrian farmworkers, who for decades have sustained Lebanon's agricultural system through their seasonal labor. Debt and Refuge traces how the lives of these farmworkers-turned-refugees were transformed by the war in Syria and Lebanon's devastating financial collapse, revealing the slow economic violence that can push people off their land, into waged work, and into cycles of debt.

Drawing on fieldwork centered in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, China Sajadian documents how Syrian farmworkers' debts - to labor brokers, landlords, and relatives - bound them to networks that exploited their labor and also sustained them in the face of profound uncertainty. In contrast to humanitarian portrayals of refugees as uprooted victims awaiting asylum or return, Sajadian locates their predicaments within a longer history of rural migration and familial division across the Lebanese-Syrian border. Linking together the politics of mass displacement, mass indebtedness, and our global food system, she makes a case for radically rethinking forced migration as an agrarian question of labor and feminist question of social reproduction. Written with both ethnographic intimacy and analytical depth, Debt and Refuge offers a deeply human portrait of the gendered politics of displacement and why they matter to the future of our agricultural systems and human mobility-in Lebanon, Syria, and beyond.

With a keen attention to how culture and elite conflict shape politics, The Great Separation upends deterministic understandings of the Chinese Cultural Revolution and the market reforms that followed. This ambitious posthumous volume by sociologist Xiaohong Xu turns the existing scholarship on China's "neoliberalism" on its head by demonstrating that the effort to separate mass politics from economic policy had its origins well before the Reform and Opening-up era.

Over the course of the Cultural Revolution, unfolding factional dynamics and interpretive struggles enabled Chairman Mao and his radical colleagues to mobilize workers to advance their own political goals while neutralizing the masses' economic demands, symbolically separating the political from the economic. This set the stage for a more thoroughgoing depoliticization of the economy after 1989, when China faced challenges from students and workers whose economic grievances had rapidly morphed into political demands for democracy. The result was what Xu calls ordoeconomism: an ideology that valorizes economic development, rejects mass politics, and views the state as the apolitical guardian of the economy. As Xu demonstrates, while ordoeconomism may share some affinities with neoliberalism, it is a distinctively Chinese approach that must be understood on its own terms.

This landmark volume offers the first comprehensive demographic examination of family transformation in contemporary India, situating the country's evolving landscape within the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) framework. It reveals a family system in flux, caught between deep-rooted collectivist traditions and rising individual aspirations. Grounded in extensive primary research, including unique, large-scale surveys across India, the book offers a thoughtful, data-driven analysis of how shifting family dynamics and evolving models of family-building are impacting vulnerable populations. These include women managing the "second shift," children shaped by diverse family structures, the elderly facing the erosion of care networks, and families bearing the responsibility of caring for disabled members. It navigates critical topics from transformations in nuptial bonding and cohabitation patterns among the urban educated to shifting childbearing practices and evolving marriage markets. What distinguishes this treatise is its capture of the fundamental dialectic: the tension between the "golden cage" of traditional marriage and the shadows of the SDT, rising age at marriage, marital dissolution, and individual self-actualisation, unfolding within persistent familial obligation and their impact on women's status and economic empowerment. Weaving macro-level data with rich micro-level evidence, the volume illuminates both winners and losers of this transition, offering indispensable insights for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners worldwide.

This book tells the story of how residents of Iitate village and volunteers from across Japan came together to address the many complex issues that followed the Fukushima nuclear disaster.It outlines challenges faced by every rural village: producing the food and energy needed by unsustainable, increasingly disaster-prone cities; maintaining their rich cultures despite depopulation and aging, and having the autonomy of their communities removed by the centralisation of power in capital regions, especially in the wake of crisis. The disaster caused an unprecedented situation, never experienced in Fukushima, Japan or anywhere else. There were no real experts anywhere in the world with experience in such a revitalization project - and official successes were limited. Responsibility fell to the people, who independently initiated collaborative efforts to address not only issues of contamination monitoring and decontamination, but also complex issues of healthcare, agriculture, forestry, trade, business innovation, and ultimately the revitalization of livelihoods and the village community. The book takes a practical, every day, scientific and human approach to discuss how humans might once again co-exist with nature in the context of fundamental shifts in human civilization, learning from Iitate village. It serves as a model for 21st century local revitalization movements, pioneering ways to create new public spaces for action, to overcome problems of modernity and to move toward coexistence with nature. The work will appeal to disaster management experts, and students and scholars in disaster studies, city planning, environmental science, nuclear energy, Japan studies, international relations and sociology.

Deradicalisation and Rehabilitation of Violent Extremist Offenders in the Global South: Lessons from Bangladesh offers a rigorous, evidence-based framework for understanding and responding to violent extremism in Bangladesh - with adaptable insights for other nations across the Global South. Structured around four interconnected outputs, the volume moves systematically from strategic diagnosis to operational implementation.

Part I presents a comprehensive needs-mapping study, drawing on comparative analyses of international case studies from Indonesia, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, India, Pakistan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Colombia. It profiles 103 violent extremist offenders spanning faith-based militants, left-wing extremists, and ethno-nationalists, identifying socio-demographic patterns, psychological vulnerabilities, and radicalisation pathways that underpin the need for tailored interventions.

Part II introduces the first operational training manual of its kind in South Asia, adopting a whole-of-society approach across four progressive stages: preparatory work, deradicalisation, rehabilitation, and policy reform. The manual outlines detailed counselling modules across religious, psychological, cultural, educational, and legal dimensions, with gender sensitivity and human rights compliance embedded throughout.

Part III evaluates a pilot intervention conducted in Bangladesh between August and December 2023, assessing outcomes for 32 beneficiaries using a multidimensional framework that combines counsellor evaluations, self-assessments, and independent observations.

Part IV presents a standardised Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (MEL) toolkit aligned with OECD-DAC principles, designed for scalability across prison, community, and counterterrorism settings.

Collectively, the volume provides a transformative shift from fragmented, reactive approaches to a structured, rights-compliant, and institutionally sustainable architecture for deradicalisation and rehabilitation - offering a replicable model for Global South countries confronting the complex challenges of terrorism and violent extremism.

Social change requires the emergence of a collective subject that can foster solidarity within and across national boundaries. But how can such a collective come together in our current era of liberal individualism and the pursuit of maximum profit? In The Politics of the Have-Nots, Hae Yeon Choo theorizes how this collective might cohere and mobilize, drawing on deep engagement with grassroots movements in South Korea and its diaspora over the past two decades.

Disillusionment has grown across the globe from the 2000s to the present. Wealth inequalities have consigned the marginalized to the shadows even as economies have expanded. By bridging five separate instances of mass mobilization during this period, Choo demonstrates the convergence of the collective political sensibility of the Have-nots. These are people who have experienced distinct but overlapping forms of violent dispossession, whether by evictions, layoffs, sexual harassment, immigration raids, and even mass shootings. Confronting these diverse forms of violence, the politics of the Have-nots challenge the cultural and material hegemony of neoliberal capitalism. They propose a critical theory of radical democracy based on expansive solidarity, taking on the struggles of others as their own.

While the mobilizations chronicled in this book are geographically centered in South Korea, many were transnational and linked by the collective vision of the Have-nots. Together, Choo shows, they become a powerful vision of the promise of radical democracy and emancipation from the margins.

This book examines how populism, digital disinformation, and social media shaped Indonesia's 2024 elections. It shows how political actors, influencers, and coordinated digital campaigns used emotional narratives, identity politics, and online manipulation to mobilise support, influence public debate, and reshape democratic competition. Bringing together theoretical chapters and empirical case studies, the book explores religious populism, authoritarian tendencies, digital campaigning, misinformation, and electoral communication in Indonesia. It places the Indonesian case within wider debates on democracy, political polarisation, digital propaganda, and the growing power of online platforms in election politics. The book offers a timely account of how digital technologies are transforming populism and democratic life in the Global South.

This book focuses on county governance and development in Zhejiang Province, exploring the theoretical logic, practical context, and typical models of county governance under the guidance of Xi Jinping's important insights on county governance and development. By analyzing seven representative county (city) models-Yiwu, Jiashan, Deqing, Xinchang, Haining, Longgang, and Anji-it dissects how Zhejiang's counties leverage their unique advantages to promote high - quality development through reforms in commerce, integration with national strategies, digital empowerment, technological innovation, market - oriented factors, township - to - city transition, and ecological civilization construction. The book provides valuable references for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners engaged in county governance, regional development, and public administration across the country.

Using big data resources and data mining methods, as well as econometric models and etc., this book provides several advanced assessment methods and empirical analysis of the economic impact of environmental disasters in China, and studied China's sustainability development policy avoiding disasters. This book uses cutting-edge methods, such as generalized difference in difference, inoperational input-output models, improved computable general equilibrium and others to calculate the economic influence of environmental disasters. It evaluates the redistribution of air pollution emissions in China by using improved data envelopment analysis. In short, it provides the ideas, methods and cases of the sustainability development road to avoiding disaster.

The collapse of the USSR transformed the world from a bipolar rivalry into a unipolar order dominated by the USA. Today, the rise of China and shifting global dynamics have sparked debates about unipolarity, bipolarity, and multipolarity. As the USA retreats as the principal superpower, China's dramatic ascent and the growing influence of nations like Russia, India, and the BRICS coalition signal the emergence of a complex multipolar world.

This book examines the decline of the unipolar world and the outdated notion of a bipolar world, emphasizing the increasing role of the BRICS bloc of nations. Following an offensive realism approach, it explores the Global South's challenge to Western dominance, analyzing development within the context of social and environmental justice. Focusing on solidarity and alternative development models, this book discusses a new world order led by non-Western powers, reshaping global economic, political, and social landscapes.

Turkey's foreign policy has changed significantly in the last decade. Once a staunch NATO ally and pro-American force in the predominantly Muslim Middle East, Turkey has pursued a rather independent and contentious foreign policy that has put the country in conflict with virtually every major actor in the region, the US and the EU. Many arguments have been made to account for this sharp turn in Turkey's foreign policy, citing both internal and external factors. This book aims to explain whether or not this shift in Turkish foreign policy has its roots in the attitudes and policy preferences of the Turkish public. By analyzing original data from three nation-wide surveys conducted by the authors in 2017, 2018 and 2019, this book answers key questions regarding the public opinion vis-a-vis multilateralism, unilateralism, use of force, Turkey's foreign policy roles, Islam and nationalism, foreign policy activism vs. isolationism, attitudes towards the US, the EU, Russia and other world powers and neighbors. Targeting such theoretical questions in this breadth, is a novelty for the Turkish foreign policy analysis literature. The book will also make inferences on broader public opinion debates and attitudes vis-a-vis topical issues: Are the Turkish public's preferences reflected in the government's foreign policy or is public opinion shaped by the elite's preferences? Which domestic actors are satisfied, which are not with the new foreign policy? Or, does public opinion favor Turkey's involvement in Middle Eastern conflicts? What is the level of anti-Americanism and anti-EU sentiments in Turkey, and on what factors do they depend?

This book explores complexities in Africa-Europe or Africa-EU relations. It considers how the relations are governed, function and how the increasingly complex and changing global system shapes them. The Ruso-Ukrainian war-in its second decade-has disrupted the global security and political order. The America-China tariff row and possibilities of similar tiffs between the EU and China disrupt international trade and economic landscapes. So too, potential impacts of game changers such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), changing climate and weather patterns, changing demographics, international migration and the consequences of these factors for nation-states' sovereignty and security. Africa and Europe find themselves in need of ways to relate and simultaneously navigate these complexities, disruptions and impacts, which precipitate great power competition and rivalry between the EU and countries such as the USA and China over Africa. The rivalries create new fault lines in global politics and prompt the question on how they impact Africa-EU relations.

This book presents a new framework for understanding the dynamics that connect protests, protest campaigns and armed conflict. Through a comparative study of conflicts in Colombia and South Africa, it shows the processes of collective action and their escalation to protest campaigns and civil wars, as well as the de-escalation of conflict away from armed conflict. The book moves past the traditional division between studies of collective action and the literature on civil wars to present a tool to help us understand why growing socio-political tensions, inequality and global tensions across the world could lead to a sharp rise in organised violence.

It is a vital resource for scholars and practitioners focused on sociology, political science, conflict and peace studies, and international relations. Dr. Diaz Pabon explores how shifts in political freedoms, equality, state strength and legitimacy, and provision of public services can help us to understand the processes of escalation, de-escalation and recurrence of conflict. In doing so, he provides new insights into the dynamics of protests, riots and violence emerging across the world.

Amid North Korea's advancing nuclear capabilities and the declining credibility of U.S. extended deterrence, South Korea has a strong motive to pursue its own nuclear deterrent. With its advanced nuclear energy program, South Korea possesses the means to develop nuclear weapons indigenously. However, its opportunity to do so is constrained by the prohibitive economic, security and reputational costs of nuclear armament. To circumvent these costs, Seoul is engaging in "nuclear hedging," pursuing the capability to develop nuclear weapons rapidly while stopping short of actual weaponization.

Drawing on Korean- and English-language documents, archival materials, and interviews with South Korean security experts, Lami Kim offers the most comprehensive analysis to date of South Korea's pursuit of nuclear hedging as an alternative to both nuclear restraint and outright nuclear armament. South Korea's renunciation of its nuclear weapons program in the 1970s - and its subsequent restraint - should not be mistaken for an absence of nuclear ambition grounded in confidence in U.S. extended deterrence. Instead, under both conservative and progressive governments, Seoul has sought the ability to acquire nuclear weapons rapidly, if necessary, as an insurance policy. A major contribution to the literature on nuclear deterrence, nonproliferation, and Korean studies, this book delivers timely and insightful policy recommendations for both Washington and Seoul.

This book explores the interactions between two regions marginalized by the Eurocentric worldview: East Asia and Latin America. Shaped by colonial legacies, economic relegation, and exoticized cultural representations, both regions have been conceptualized in contrasting ways -East Asia as the birthplace of ancient civilizations and the frontier of economic expansion, and Latin America as a locus of colonial adventure, natural wealth, and political disturbance. By examining how these regions confront and reinterpret these narratives, the book draws on history, literature, and migration flows to offer an archive of an interconnected world system. Assembling diverse intellectual traditions, case studies, and hybrid discourses emerging from various forms of transregional connectivity, this book aims to demonstrate how dialogue among distinct peripheral positions introduces new dynamics into cultural analysis.

How can a small democracy resist the influence of a powerful authoritarian neighbor? Taiwan is frequently praised for its successful economic development and peaceful transition to democracy, serving as a model for other developing countries. However, it faces substantial challenges, both from internal political divisions and external geopolitical pressures. Taiwan's political landscape is shaped by several significant cleavages: national identity and ethnic disparities, economic inequality and class conflict, and generational and cultural differences. The greatest challenge to Taiwan's democracy comes from the influence of China, which has exploited these cleavages through economic leverage, propaganda, and political interference.

Under the heavy influence of Beijing's sharp power, Taiwan's democracy often faces threats of regression. Whenever China escalates its tactics, Taiwan's civil society has mobilized in response, playing a crucial role in resisting Beijing's strategies and defending democratic institutions. Thung-Hong Lin examines case studies - such as the 2014 Sunflower Movement, the 2019 support for the Hong Kong protests, and recent social movements in 2024 - to demonstrate how Taiwan's vibrant civil society is a key source of democratic resilience. This book also situates Taiwan's struggle within the broader context of US-China relations, showing how global geopolitics over the past half-century has shaped the island's destiny.

This book provides a critical and timely examination of anthropogenic disruptions to the natural functioning of Earth systems while evaluating the extent to which such climatic perturbations affect the sustainability of BRICS+ nations in the Anthropocene and Capitalocene. Responding to the multiple challenges confronting Planet Earth in this critical geological and historical age, the book first demonstrates the advent of a new political economy and governance order, triggered by the BRICS movement. It rigorously explores the far-reaching consequences of environmental crises on global peace, security, economic stability, and sustainable development, substantiating the increasingly strategic role of BRICS+ nations as a rising global economic force determined to shape sustainable futures in the Anthropocene and Capitalocene.

The book further bears out how compounded policy theories are paradoxically impacting BRICS+ nations (intra-BRICS+ nations' contractions and the bloc's opportunities) in advancing a more multipolar world order-an agenda fostered by the bloc that is so significant today that it is impossible to ignore or rebuff. Finally, the book offers a comprehensive framework for multilateral cooperation among economic alliances and institutions and among BRICS+ nations, within which the world can thrive despite the growing anthropogenic atmospheric transformations that affect the well-being of Planet Earth.

While global urban discourse remains dominated by the spectacular, high-rise gentrification of central city areas, this book aims to deepen our understanding of the quiet, mundane redevelopments that transform the inner-city neighborhoods of the Global East. Exploring this "shadow of gentrification," it provides a rich empirical analysis of Osaka, Japan-a primary example of emerging neoliberalism playing out across an inner-city shaped by the developmental state. Despite departing from conventional gentrification, the analysis focuses on social change and capital reinvestment. Through evidence from extensive field research and interviews, it traces three distinct trajectories of neighborhood change: retro renovation driven by small businesses in Nakazaki; art-led renovation facilitated by a local landlord in Kitakagaya; and welfare-led renovation triggered by livelihood protection amendments in Northwest Nishinari. The analysis reveals a nascent "precarious city," in which the working class is replaced by populations marked by precarity and fragmentation, standing outside the societal project of the developmental state. Ultimately, this book argues for embracing the trajectories of neighborhood change in the Global East, while treating gentrification as a conceptual vanishing point to guide analyses that sometimes lead into the spotlight, and sometimes into the shadow of gentrification.

This book, as part of a book series on migration in Chinese history, explores migration that took place in the Liao, Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties. This series is a complete, systematic general history on migration in China, the first of its kind both in China and abroad. Though it falls into the category of East Asian History, it is actually an interdisciplinary academic work that looks into not merely history but also culture, customs and historical geography. For the migration of each sub-period, the book seeks to identify the causes, participants, times, destinations, origins, routes and directions of migration, as well as the process of settlement and effect. It also tries to make quantitative analysis and sum up underlying patterns. This book draws evidence from a broad spectrum of sources, including literature, social customs and linguistics, in addition to official histories. It is not only a monograph on historical migrations in China, but also offers an opportunity of interpreting historical transformations from the perspective of migration. This book is intended for academic readers who study migration, Chinese history and historical geography, as well as the general public who loves Chinese culture and wishes to view Chinese culture from a novel perspective.