都市・住宅問題 — 全 下位分類

The infrastructure of death is an undeniable part of urban life, yet it is often overlooked in the study of cities.

This book explores the intricate dynamics between the living and the dead in six Latin American cities: Bogota, Medellin, Lima, Buenos Aires, Quetzaltenango and Cuenca. Drawing on more than a decade of ethnographic research, the author investigates how urban death infrastructures - such as cemeteries and spaces for the deceased - are shaped by rapid urbanization, legacies of violence, neoliberal policies and alternative spiritual practices.

With a fresh Global South perspective, this unique contribution will challenge the boundaries of death studies, placing the infrastructure of death at the heart of urban life.

Challenging traditional narratives on youth engagement, this book examines how democracy can be reimagined as grassroots engagement with local policy makers between elections.

The book explores a unique blend of under-researched themes including the everyday politics of young people, the interface between civic authorities and young citizens in policy making and the promise of urban democracy. Offering a rare policy-based and youth-centred approach to young people and democratic participation, this book recasts the existing democratic deficit as a failure in public policy and calls for researchers and policy makers to focus on how to amplify young people's voices in a more inclusive and meaningful way, to turn youth voice into sustainable public policy. The civic mentoring model developed with young Londoners offers practical steps for making this happen.

The book brings together rural scholars from the Global North and the Global South, who have contributed chapters based on their own contexts. The book aims to provide a general picture of how rural communities are responding to challenges in a global context. This general picture can be presented through three specific research questions, namely (1) What is the socio-economic status of rural development in the country? This research question tends to explore the socio-economic status of rural development in the contributor's country or in the country of study. It highlights the challenges to sustainable rural development in the country. (2) How are rural communities responding to these challenges? This research question focuses on analysing how rural communities are responding to challenges such as depopulation, spatial compression, economic marginalisation and climate change. (3) How can rural resilience to risks and future challenges be built? This research question aims to discuss possible approaches and actions to build rural resilience to current challenges and to seek transformation to better cope with and adapt to future challenges and unexpected risks.

The target audience of this book is researchers, postgraduate students and government officials in the field of rural and agricultural development. Readers can expect to gain a basic knowledge of rural resilience, a deeper understanding of rural development around the world, and different approaches to building resilience to challenges and shocks.

This open access book paves the way for transformative strategies that increase the role of railway stations and other related transit environments in contributing to the global goals for sustainable development (the UN's sustainability goals in Agenda 2030). Drawing on insights from a Swedish case, this book adopts a systems thinking approach to investigate how environments impact transit safety and provide strategies to address the diverse safety needs of users. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including field inspections, analysis of official data, questionnaire surveys, and interviews. These data sources are analysed using statistical techniques, GIS mapping, and regression modelling. Building on these findings, the book also critically examines how future railway station designs are currently being planned to enhance accessibility and safety. This book answers the following questions: Why are certain station environments perceived as more unsafe than others, even though fewer crimes are committed there? Why do different groups of travelers differ about victimization and safety? From a governance perspective, what would make these places safer? What are the patterns of victimization of vulnerable groups, such as women and individuals with disabilities? The findings have international resonance as this book demonstrates the connection between safety and sustainability, offering useful insights and recommendations for researchers, practitioners and policymakers committed to shaping safer, more inclusive transit environments.

This book advocates new and advanced methods of big data technology so as to analyze the current status of the public space development in China. In the eight chapters of this book, it introduces the theories to develop urban public space, the tools for analytics and evaluation, the cases from China especially Shanghai and global. With analytics and evaluation tools for its scale, space layout, and planning, it aims to improve the quality, efficiency and balanced development of public services such as healthcare and elementary education, serving as the reference and support for decision-making of governments.

This book investigates the role of private land developers in the development of Ruwa Town in post-colonial Zimbabwe. Whereas other post-colonial established towns in the country emerged from direct public investment through the Growth Point policy, Ruwa emerged from a public-private partnership approach. The development of Ruwa Town is therefore a valuable example of a new post-colonial experience in urban planning and development, which is a clear departure from the colonial town planning which was premised on racial segregation. This book offers unique insights into the historical context, the role of private developers in the growth of the city, the impact of their involvement, bringing a comparative analysis with state-led development. It offers a valuable contribution to the field of urban studies, particularly within the context of urban development in post-colonial Zimbabwe and in Africa.

This pioneering book invites readers on a compelling journey into Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) and its groundbreaking convergence with AI of Things (AIoT), introducing GAIoT as a transformative frontier in urban computing and intelligence. GAIoT signals a paradigm shift towards more intelligent, self-learning, self-evolving, and context-aware systems-capable of generating adaptive, forward-looking solutions to the complex infrastructural and environmental challenges confronting sustainable smart cities.

With its combination of theoretical depth, applied innovation, and interdisciplinary scope, the book offers a comprehensive examination of deep generative models-namely Generative Adversarial Networks, Variational Autoencoders, Diffusion Models, Transformers, and hybrid architectures-and their applications in environmental sustainability, climate resilience, infrastructure optimization, dynamic decision-making, and data-driven urban management and planning. From synthetic data generation, data augmentation, and data imputation to predictive modeling and scenario simulation, GAIoT is driving the next wave of climate-responsive, environmentally conscious smart city innovation.

What sets this book apart is its first-of-its-kind focus on GAIoT as a pathbreaking force in shaping the future of sustainable urban development. It delivers actionable insights, conceptual and operational frameworks, case studies, and policy guidance-equipping diverse stakeholders with the tools to build cities that not only respond to change but also anticipate and shape it. Targeting a broad and cross-disciplinary audience, the book shares state-of-the-art research, presents innovative solutions, and forecasts future trends in urban transformation. As both a seminal reference and a practical resource for researchers, technologists, practitioners, professionals, and policymakers, it provides essential guidance for those engaged in advancing the next frontier in urban computing and intelligence.

This book offers a comparative analysis of municipal service delivery in four major Bangladeshi cities: Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, and Rajshahi. Using the SERVQUAL model, it evaluates service quality through five dimensions-Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy-providing a detailed understanding of citizen satisfaction in varied urban settings.

The book's strength lies in its comparative framework, which examines the distinct challenges and governance structures of each city. This analysis identifies common issues while uncovering unique dynamics, enabling a thorough exploration of service delivery systems. It highlights effective practices and areas for improvement, fostering a balanced view of urban governance.

Key municipal services such as street lighting, waste management, water supply, sewerage systems, and birth registration are assessed in detail. By focusing on practical reforms and innovations, the book bridges academic research with real-world application, offering actionable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and practitioners.

With its emphasis on practical solutions and comparative insights, this book is an essential resource for those involved in urban development. It provides valuable lessons for enhancing service quality and citizen satisfaction, contributing to more effective governance in developing countries.

This book provides a comprehensive manual for researchers, practitioners, policymakers as well as students striving to achieve environmental sustainment. It is exploring advanced developments in smart cities infrastructure and sustainability engineering. In addition, this book delivers advanced methodologies, emerging and innovative technologies that shape sustainable urban technologies.

Including the renewable energy systems of tomorrow, to low-impact manufacturing procedures today; every section provides insight and real-world implementation. The book bridges the gap between theory and practice, making it an essential tool to turn sustainability challenges into opportunities.

Salient characteristics comprise:

1. Global perspective: Allows for flexibility in solutions given a multitude of successful examples around the world from different cultural and geographic locations.

2. Multidisciplinary approach: Integrating perspectives from engineering, environmental science, economics and policy studies for holistic problem solving.

3. Financial sustainability: Innovative business models to make sustainable solutions good for the environment and even better economically.

This provoking literature questions conventional wisdom and promotes adventurous visions of sustainability. By highlighting emerging trends in cloud computing, cybersecurity, and big data for urban development, readers are prepared to lead the next paradigm shift in sustainable innovation

Informal housing and natural resource conflicts are common in Latin America. However, academics have rarely linked these social phenomena. This book proposes customary property (an extralegal entitlement founded in the social norms of a given community) as a common lens to analyze, understand, and potentially solve the struggles that are found in informal housing and mining natural resource conflict. This book shows how land titling policies inspired in De Soto's work have failed in taming the expansion of informal housing. Moreover, this book contests the mainstream explanation for social unrest in developing new mining projects which attributes it to the separation of surface and mining rights. Finally, the book proposes that the tension between customary property and lack of law enforcement by the State can progressively corrode the rule of law. This book proposes a nuanced version of land titling for informal housing, and a social license legal proceeding for the development of new mining projects. Ultimately, the book aadvocates for replacing violence between customary holders and the State with peaceful legal proceedings and negotiation tables. This book is directed to any property scholars and students interested in developing countries, social norms over assets, and natural resource conflicts.

This book presents an innovative approach to sustainable urban design through the lens of low carbon-oriented design. It offers a comprehensive framework integrating four key paradigms: Design with Nature, Design with Human, Design with Clean Energy, and Design with Climate. By synthesizing ecological principles, human-centric approaches, renewable energy solutions, and climate-responsive strategies, the book provides practical manual for creating energy-efficient, environmentally harmonious buildings and cities.

This book is one of the first efforts to systematically introduce digital urban governance in China. It describes the theoretical system and historical development and evolution of digital urban governance, analyzes the complex relationship between cutting-edge technologies, new types of data, and urban governance, provides rich research cases to guide governance practice, and further discusses the future opportunities and potential challenges of digital urban governance from the perspective of artificial intelligence and open data movement. This book helps to promote the transformation and upgrading of urban governance research paradigms and can also actively serve the major national and local strategies in China, such as new urbanization, digital China, and digital reform.

Focusing on the city of Athens, this book examines architecture as something that produces culture and ideology - rather than the opposite. Therefore, this book aims to complement architectural and urban theories that are based only on historical overviews or typological assumptions; to do so, it boldly opens architectural discourse to philosophy, affect theory, and social and cognitive sciences.

By examining Athens after its denomination as Greek capital in 1834, the moments, actors, and transformations that assist the individuation of the Athenian urban ecologies are problematised. Opting for theoretical speculations, the readers will witness architecture as a collective equipment that produces modes of life that can either enhance or diminish our collective potentials. As such, the ambition of this book is to provide the theoretical and methodological groundings for thorough extrapolations on how new collectivities can be produced.

Readers of this book will be exposed to a transdisciplinary approach that identifies and addresses shared problems and concerns regarding the production of contemporary urban environments. This book will also explore theoretical innovations that can inform and trigger new ways of speculative thinking and offers a non-reductionist account of the development of Athens from the perspective of multiple architectural technicities. This book will be of interest to researchers and students of architecture, architectural theory, architectural history, and philosophy.

Urban Design: The Basics provides a brief but compelling overview and introduction to the theory and practice of the multi-disciplinary field of urban design.

It is an 'easy-to-understand' and 'jargon-free' introduction to the fundamental principles of urban design. By introducing the essentials of urban design, the book is an important starting point for future study of the discipline. Topics include placemaking, sustainable urbanism, the evolution of cities and townscapes, and urban design and governance. Across seven chapters, the book is centred on a holistic understanding of sustainability and the special role of urban design in achieving a high quality of urban life, economic diversification, and less energy consumption. It provides a clear overview of the evolution of urban design, drawing on fundamental principles and critical challenges, and negotiates the complexities and nuances of the discipline. Given the contemporary international importance of urban design, the book uses examples from around the globe to explain its role and impact in different contexts. It also features detailed further reading lists for those wishing to expand their knowledge and understanding further.

Urban Design: The Basics will be of keen interest to those fascinated with cities and urban design, students, and practitioners who are looking to supplement their knowledge of key urban design principles.

The Non-Post-Socialist City examines contemporary urban policies through case studies of six cities in four states across Central and Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Union (CEE/FSU) region.

This book adopts a rarely used approach in the study of so-called post-socialist cities-combining several years of in-depth empirical research with a broad comparative frame. Building on this foundation, it analyzes urban policymaking processes in Leipzig (Germany), Warsaw and Krakow (Poland), Tallinn (Estonia), and Kyiv and Lviv (Ukraine). The monograph interprets these dynamics through the author's concept of diluted post-socialism, which highlights not only trajectories rooted in the Soviet-dominated era but also a range of pre- or nonsocialist legacies that interact with-and often complicate-the few decades of now-defunct state-socialist rule. Particular attention is given to four policy fields: mobility, green infrastructure, housing, and spatial planning. While these domains pose broadly similar dimensions across the six cities, their organization reveals a highly diverse urban landscape that is too often flattened under the "post-socialist" label.

The book is intended for scholars, analysts, students, and anyone interested in urbanization processes in the former Eastern bloc, as well as in the impact of the global populist turn on urban policymaking within this region and in a broader urban context.

This book introduces the ecological, low-carbon, and sustainable concept of ideal cities from different views. With beliefs and practices of scholars in the past in pursuit of ideal cities, it is written with historical events in the development of low-carbon cities. In this way, activities about carbon peaking and carbon neutrality happening worldwide at present can be shown, and efforts variety countries have paid off can be exhibited. Besides, as for the centralized and the distributed space structure in urban evolution, the book discusses their trends and comes up with an ideal model, the distributed city, to realize carbon neutrality based on the distributed structure. Therefore, with a practical example in planning, the feasibility of the distributed city is analyzed in several fields, including space, energy, traffic, water, waste disposal, etc. The book can be used as materials for professionals in city planning and construction, low-carbon development and other fields, as well as a way for ordinary people to learn about the complex city.

This book examines the social, political and economic rationales, which lead to the development of learning cities in diverse settings in Africa, Australia, Asia and Europe. Many of the contributors are practitioners who have played an active part in the development of their learning city. Some contributors are both practitioners and researchers on learning cities. Some are primarily researchers who are focused on understanding learning cities, gauging the benefits and potential of learning cities and formulating new theories and approaches. The book also includes interviews with and contributions from key founding figures in the learning cities movement and in the development of UNESCO's Global Network of Learning Cities. The book explores diverse initiatives that are shaping the lives of people in cities today and into the future, fostering inclusivity, sustainability, and resilience. Each chapter offers a unique perspective on the transformative power of lifelong learning and collective commitment. Contributors share their insights, from grassroots to high level policy discussions, shedding light on the challenges and triumphs encountered along the way. This is the first major book looking at learning cities across the globe from both theoretical and practical perspectives. What sets it apart is the diversity in the material offered and the geographical and cultural spread of contexts. Cities are becoming ever more important to the future of humanity, learning cities are a vast laboratory of new and innovative ways in which people can learn together to create more fulfilling lives, better opportunities and put into practice on a daily basis the four principles outlined in the Delors Report (1996): Learning to know, Learning to do, Learning to live together, Learning to be. This book is a valuable resource for policymakers, educators, and community leaders striving to build more inclusive and sustainable societies. Whether embarking on the journey of developing a learning city or seeking inspiration from successful initiatives, readers will find practical insights and thought-provoking perspectives within these pages.

Extended Mobility for the City as a Common offers a novel framework for understanding how urban inhabitants access and experience cities. It invites readers to critically examine the ways in which stigmatization and socioeconomic barriers combine to restrict access to urban opportunities for marginalized communities. Arguing that the right to the city is inseparable from the right to mobility, this book calls for a radical shift toward a welcoming and solidary city, both in transportation systems and in the inhabitants' destinations.

This book is structured into three parts. Part I introduces the concept of "Extended Mobility," a multidimensional framework encompassing motility, accessibility, and porosity that provides a new lens to interrogate the multifaceted nature of mobility as a social phenomenon. Part II applies this framework through a grounded ethnographic comparison of Favela da Mare in Rio de Janeiro and the San Siro housing project in Milan. These rich and detailed studies develop robust methodological tools and theoretical insights that uncover the complex mobility experiences of peripheral urban inhabitants. In the final section, leading experts in transportation and urban planning engage Extended Mobility across different global settings to critique existing policies and explore pathways toward mobility justice and a city of rights for all.

By integrating structural and experiential perspectives on urban mobility, this book is an essential resource for social science researchers and urban and transportation planning scholars as well as policymakers, practitioners, and activists seeking to foster more inclusive cities and empower communities to access the full possibilities of a common urban life.

Chapters 1, 4, 7, and the Introduction of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 International license.

This volume proposes an interdependent relationship between progress and obstacles in architecture and the built environment. It challenges the positive notion of progress, and the conception of progress and obstacle as a dichotomy.

For shapers of the world, finding 'the solution' is often a mark of progress that becomes embedded in culture, society, and history. Progress is ever-present. Through the exploration of diverse positions in history, theory, and practice, this book explores the potential utility of the progressively problematic rather than the natural tendency towards the progressively solved. Chapters draw on historic spaces, technological advancement, incorporation of the natural world, alterative production, and the consideration of human experience both sensory and psychological. Challenging the positive connotation of 'progress', the writings also explore reversing the notion of obstacle from disruptive anti-tool to obstacle of utilitarian method, a useful tool, pressing approach, and overarching value system.

This will be interesting reading for upper-level students and scholars of Architecture, Urban Design, Philosophy, and Sociology.

This edited volume challenges the hegemonic ideologies that underpin contemporary planning thought and practice, building on and extending the pioneering work of Michael Gunder. Through the lens of fantasy-particularly as theorised in Lacanian psychoanalysis-contributors interrogate how planners' desires, decisions, and subjectivities are shaped by ideological narratives that sustain dominant neoliberal structures. The book includes Michael Gunder's influential work on ideological fantasy, alongside eleven original chapters that collectively deconstruct, traverse, and reimagine ideological constructs in planning.

The volume is organised into three thematic sections. The first section critically deconstructs capitalist ideological fantasies embedded in planning education, urban imaginaries, participatory governance, and neoliberal policy discourses. The second section explores how fantasies operate within environmental governance, housing activism (such as YIMBYism), flat ontologies, and community strategies, while also identifying possibilities for alternative discourses. The final section presents counter-hegemonic perspectives from non-Western contexts, including critiques of China's Territorial Spatial Planning and Iranian philosophical traditions of truth-telling as ethical governance.

Contributors include established and emerging scholars from diverse global contexts, offering interdisciplinary insights for researchers and practitioners in planning, geography, sociology, philosophy, and political studies. This collection stands as both a scholarly tribute to Gunder's intellectual legacy and a call for critical, transformative planning for futures.

This book presents a groundbreaking theoretical and methodological framework for analyzing urban phenomena and urban policies and a pioneering approach to urban regeneration projects. The text advocates for an "Integral and Recognitive Urban Regeneration" of public spaces in cities to confront current neoliberal urban policies, which have been ineffective in achieving genuine overall "wellbeing" in contemporary urban environments.

"Integral and Recognitive Urban Regeneration" is a macro-process composed of several micro-contextualized urban projects that account for the complexity of urban spaces. This process goes beyond merely enhancing the aesthetics and functionality of architectural spaces, rather presenting itself as an educational, community-oriented, cooperative, creative, socializing, eco-friendly, multidisciplinary, and transdisciplinary process that serves as a platform for regenerating compromised ecosystems; promoting the cognitive, psychological, emotional, social, and political empowerment of resident communities; and addressing local and global forms of social and ecological injustice.

As such, this book is an essential resource for students, researchers, academics, and experienced planners alike.

The city has historically been conceived as a project, with a sense of duty to be: it is the prefiguration of a reality that emerges from the negation of the pre-existing city. The city anticipates a desired future from an ideal perspective that tends to overcome the existing structural or particular challenges of the present. It can be argued that this proposition represents the historical trajectory of urban thought on a planetary scale. Therefore, the prospective dimension of the city constituted a central dynamic in urban theory throughout history, leading to the emergence of planning as a key approach.

The history of the city as a project is the core of the first volume in this two-part contribution. It presents an overview of diverse city projects that have been pursued throughout history, providing a framework for exploring new perspectives of urban development. The cities profiled and analyzed here reflect a living catalog of initiatives that can inform promising directions. More than a compilation, this volume compares and critically assesses these historical projects to provide a grounding for the contemporary advances presented in the second volume.

This book offers an invaluable study on class composition in Leipzig, the city renowned for its pivotal role in the downfall of state socialism. It describes how class changes with the city's neoliberal restructuring, that has at its core the commodification and financialization of the spaces people inhabit. Through an ethnographic lens it illustrates how the city's transformation alienates its inhabitants and generates fragmentations between them, hindering their collective appropriation of their city, neighbourhoods and homes. Their different experiences of uneven development divide them despite similar concerns of rising rents. Interplaying with the local history of shrinkage, deindustrialization and austerity, the overall alienation feeds into collective lethargic depressive moods that permeates also institutions of the local administration, leaving them reluctant to intervene with the confident actions of investors and growth-oriented politicians. A few exceptionally stubborn small urban movements generate islands in this sea of decomposition, they do however not suffice to halt the fast pace of restructuring. The book contributes to political urban class analyses by combining the study of subjectivation in uneven development with an affect-sensitive scrutiny of tenant power and its limits vis-a-vis a financializing housing market and an austerity ridden local state.

This book provides a unique foundation upon which to view how the involvement of the death care sector offers a potential route to take in practice and research in reaching urban communities of color dealing with gun-related deaths.

Gun violence in the United States is a salient national problem with virtually no day that goes by without it occurring. Where gun violence occurs, in turn, must be examined to facilitate understanding of how context influences the significance of the shooting. In the case of this book, the context is urban and death care sector (funeral homes, cemeteries, and houses of worship). Understanding how these settings shape public reactions help inform us as to how best to address this social and public health problem in the nation's urban centers and its consequences for communities.

The book addresses five interrelated goals that weave together a variety of themes to produce a vision and guidance needed for a new practice arena: (1) ground readers in the latest statistical information on urban gun violence in this country; (2) review existing approaches to preventing and intervening in community gun violence with a focus on cities; (3) uplift the importance of the death care industry in meeting the needs of families and friends of gun victims. Attention is also paid to how funeral homes have expanded their vision of services to aid their community; (4) provide readers with details and insights into how to develop collaborative projects with systems of care through a series of case illustrations; and (5) put forth community practice, education, and research recommendations for how best to prepare future practitioners wishing to work with the death care sector on other related community issues to better serve urban communities.

The Death Care Industry and Urban Gun Violence is a must-read for community psychologists, social workers, public health practitioners, community educators, sociologists, community medical providers, criminologists, and urban planners, as well as academics and students in these fields. Policy makers will also find the book of interest.

This book focuses on the planning and design methods of pocket parks in the disciplines of urban planning and landscape architecture. It fills the gap in the current pocket park planning by innovatively exploring the service mechanism and planning methods of the pocket parks to alleviate the scarcity of outdoor recreational spaces in the high-density environments. This book integrates the results of previous research and our latest research results. Taking urban renewal as the planning scenario, the book systematically introduces the basic characteristics of mini-parks, planning principles and methods, and development promotion and assurance strategies. This book is used as a textbook for planning and design courses, as well as a professional reference book for urban planners and landscape architects. The authors have also made great efforts to use simple language and a large number of visual illustrations in the text. Through these approaches, the authors expected that the publication of this book would not only facilitate teaching and practical application, but also attract more interest and attention from ordinary people, and motivate them to actively participate in the planning, design, and management of mini-parks around them. Only when this goal is achieved, can the original value of mini-park development be finally realized.

The city is a forward-looking project rooted in existing challenges and dynamics. This tension has been especially apparent in the 21st century, when city projects have been contending with great changes in different areas of society: globalization, technology (third and fourth industrial revolutions), economy (neoliberalism), state reform, among others. For this reason, city projects must increasingly employ a plural vision.

This second volume on the topic of the city as a project draws on a framework informed by historical examples presented in volume one to provide an overview of major theoretical and methodological advances in project formulation in the 21st century. Presenting classifications and analysis of contemporary cities and approaches, the contributions in this book illustrate diverse visions of the city. These perspectives collectively contribute to an understanding of the conditions that generate new inequalities and integrations in ongoing and imminent city projects-and thus evaluate the cities we seek to build.