Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

Little, Barbara J., Bending Archaeology toward Social Justice: Transformational Action for Positive Peace. (Archaeologies of Restorative Justice) 176 pp. 2023:7 (U. Alabama Pr., US) <698-823>
ISBN 978-0-8173-2163-5 hard ¥25,872.- (税込) US$ 120.00 *
ISBN 978-0-8173-6093-1 paper ¥6,457.- (税込) US$ 29.95 *

In this time of Black Lives Matter, the demands of NAGPRA, and climate crises, the field of American archaeology needs a radical transformation. It has been largely a white, male, privileged domain that replicates an entrenched patriarchal, colonial, and capitalist system. In Bending Archaeology toward Social Justice, Barbara J. Little explores the concepts and actions required for such a change, looking to peace studies, anthropology, sociology, social justice activism, and the achievements of community-based archaeology for helpful approaches in keeping with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. She introduces an analytic model that uses the strengths of archaeology to destabilize violence and build peace. As Little explains, the Diachronic Transformational Action model and the peace/violence triad of interconnected personal, cultural, and structural domains of power can help disrupt the injustice of all forms of violence. Diachronic connects the past to the present to understand how power worked in the past and works now. Transformational influences power now by disrupting the stability of the violence triad. Action refers to collaborative work to diagnose power relations and transform toward social justice. Using this framework, Little confronts the country's founding and myth of liberty and justice for all, as well as the American Dream. She also examines whiteness, antiracism, privilege, and intergenerational trauma, and offers white archaeologists concepts to grapple with their own racialized identities and to consider how to relinquish white supremacy. Archaeological case studies examine cultural violence and violent direct actions against women, Indigenous peoples, African Americans, and Japanese Americans, while archaeologies of poverty, precarity, and labor are used to show how archaeologists have helped expose the roots of these injustices. Because climate justice is integral to social justice, Little showcases insights that archaeology can bring to bear on the climate crisis and how lessons from the past can inform direct actions today. Finally, Little invites archaeologists to embrace inquiry and imagination so that they can both imagine and achieve the positive peace of social justice.

Sampson, Christina Perry (ed.), Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer Complexity in North America. (Society and Ecology in Island and Coastal Archaeology) 280 pp. 2023:4 (U. Pr. Florida, US) <698-825>
ISBN 978-0-8130-6964-7 hard ¥19,404.- (税込) US$ 90.00 *

Demonstrating the wide variation among complex hunter-gatherer communities in coastal settingsThis book explores the forms and trajectories of social complexity among fisher-hunter-gatherers who lived in coastal, estuarine, and riverine settings in pre-Columbian North America. Through case studies from several different regions and intellectual traditions, the contributors to this volume collectively demonstrate remarkable variation in the circumstances and histories of complex hunter-gatherers in maritime environments.The volume draws on archaeological research from the North Pacific and Alaska, the Pacific Northwest coast and interior, the California Channel Islands, and the Southeastern U.S. and Florida. Essays trace complex social configurations through monumentality, ceremonialism, territoriality, community organization, and trade and exchange. They show that while factors such as boat travel, patterns of marine and riverine resource availability, and sedentism and village formation are common unifying threads across the continent, these factors manifest in historically contingent ways in different contexts.Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer Complexity in North America offers specific, substantive examples of change and transformation in these communities, emphasizing the wide range of complexity among them. It considers the use of the term "complex hunter-gatherer" and what these case studies show about the value and limitations of the concept, adding nuance to an ongoing conversation in the field.

Chacon, Yamilette / Chacon, Richard J. (eds.), Archaeological and Ethnographic Evidence of Domination in Indigenous Latin America. 304 pp. 2023:7 (U. Pr. Florida, US) <698-696>
ISBN 978-0-8130-6970-8 hard ¥19,404.- (税込) US$ 90.00 *

New data and interpretations that shed light on the nature of power relations in prehistoric and contemporary Indigenous societiesThis volume explores the nature of power relations and social control in Indigenous societies of Latin America. Its chapters focus on instances of domination in different contexts as reflected in archaeological, osteological, and ethnohistorical records, beginning with prehistoric case studies to examples from the ethnographic present.Ranging from the development of nautical and lacustrine warfare technology in pre-contact Mesoamerica to the psychological functions of domestic violence among contemporary Amazonian peoples, these investigations shed light on how leaders often use violence or the threat of violence to advance their influence. The essays show that while social control can be overt, it may also be veiled in the form of monumental architecture, fortresses or pukara, or rituals that signal to friends and foes alike the power of those in control. Contributors challenge many widely accepted conceptions of violence, warfare, and domination by presenting new evidence, and they also offer novel interpretations of power relations at the domestic, local, and regional spheres.Encompassing societies from tribal to state levels of sociopolitical complexity, the studies in this volume present different dimensions of conflict and power found among the prehistoric and contemporary Indigenous peoples of Latin America.

Penfield, Amy, Predatory Economies: The Sanema and the Socialist State in Contemporary Amazonia. 248 pp. 2023:4 (U. Texas Pr., US) <698-702>
ISBN 978-1-4773-2707-4 hard ¥19,404.- (税込) US$ 90.00 *
ISBN 978-1-4773-2708-1 paper ¥6,457.- (税込) US$ 29.95 *

Balee, William, Sowing the Forest: A Historical Ecology of People and Their Landscapes. 246 pp. 2023:5 (U. Alabama Pr., US) <698-707>
ISBN 978-0-8173-2157-4 hard ¥10,769.- (税込) US$ 49.95 *

Explores how, over centuries, Amazonian people and their cultures have interacted with rainforests William BalEe is a world-renowned expert on the cultural and historical ecology of the Amazon basin. His new collection, Sowing the Forest, is a companion volume to the award-winning Cultural Forests of the Amazon, published in 2013. Sowing the Forest engages in depth with how, over centuries, Amazonian people and their cultures have interacted with rainforests, making the landscapes of palm forests and other kinds of forests, and how these and related forests have fed back into the vocabulary and behavior of current indigenous occupants of the remotest parts of the vast hinterlands. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1, "Substrate of Intentionality," comprises chapters on historical ecology, indigenous palm forests, plant names in Amazonia, the origins of the Amazonian plantain, and the unknown "Dark Earth people" of thousands of years ago and their landscaping. Together these chapters illustrate the phenomenon of feedback between culture and environment. In part 2, "Scope of Transformation," BalEe lays out his theory of landscape transformation, which he divides into two rubrics-primary landscape transformation and secondary landscape transformation-and for which he provides examples and various specific effects. One chapter compares environmental and social interrelationships in an Orang Asli group in Malaysia and the Ka'apor people of eastern Amazonian Brazil, and another chapter covers loss of language and culture in the Bolivian Amazon. A final chapter addresses the controversial topic of monumentality in the rainforest. BalEe concludes by emphasizing the common thread in Amazonian historical ecology: the long-term phenomenon of encouraging diversity for its own sake, not just for economic reasons.