労働経済・労働問題 — 全 下位分類

What role does religion play in the tech industry? Based on nearly one hundred interviews, Divine Meets Digital uncovers the ways tech workers engage with religion and make sense of their work through religious and spiritual worldviews. While most identify as nonreligious, they are far from antireligious. Instead, they navigate competing religious and nonreligious views, often distinguishing between what they see as the controversial elements of religion-such as belief in the supernatural in China and its politicized and dogmatic aspects in the United States-and its more noncontroversial aspects. In doing so, they justify their religious engagement by embracing religion's noncontroversial elements while distancing themselves from its controversial features. This book offers a powerful new lens for understanding one of the most influential industries of our time, inviting readers to better understand the people who live and work at the intersection between science, religion, and technology.

In Ireland, it is said that people with notions are acting above their station and with a misplaced sense of their own importance. Certainly, working-class academics often feel out of place at work, caught somewhere between where they come from and where they are now. To be at once working class and an academic is seemingly paradoxical, since the career assumes a moving away from one's origins. That transition, if it is made at all, is seldom straightforward.

A series of autoethnographies from Irish academics, both at home and abroad, all of whom have a working-class heritage, these are stories of people negotiating not only class in the context of higher education, but on occasion the experience of colonialism and diaspora. Notions is a fascinating insight into the journey of working-class people through an elite and professional environment that is ill-prepared to received them, despite institutional and sectoral claims to equality, diversity and inclusion. These stories of working lives that have required struggle, resilience and ingenuity, offer important lessons for the future of a higher education sector at a watershed moment.

This book explores 'exiting' programs for sex workers, which are behavioural change interventions that support people to stop selling sex. This book examines questions about how we should conceptualise and respond to 'exiting' and, by centring sex workers' voices, it provides evidence of the impact of these programs. It examines sex work 'exiting', not as something sex workers need to stop doing, but as part of sex work careers. Drawing on interviews and a global program review to establish best practice, this book challenges the idea of sex work as something a person is 'in' or 'out' of. It also explores sex workers' resistance to this area of programming to highlight the power and politics of 'exiting'. Using a labour framing and seeing sex work as career, this book repositions 'exiting' as career development and sheds new light on everyday working circumstances, popular discourses, policies and programs and grassroots struggles for change. As a co-collaboration incorporating knowledge from researchers and lived experience experts, this book is a unique addition that challenges the dominant abolitionist, anti-sex work framings and is of interest to academics, policy makers, sex worker support organisations and non-government organisations globally.

Emotions in organizations continues to be a topic of intense interest among organizational behavior scholars worldwide. This 20th volume of Research on Emotion in Organizations collects together chapters presented at the Fourteenth International Conference on Emotions and Worklife, August 2024, the University of Illinois Chicago, USA.

Emotional Regulation at Work reflects the diverse nature of emotions in organizational settings through various theoretical and empirical lenses. Contributions explore the critical role of emotion regulation in workplace dynamics, and the increasingly diverse emotional challenges faced by organizations - from managing interpersonal relationships to addressing cultural differences in emotional expression - making the understanding of emotion regulation processes particularly vital. Encompassing key themes in organizational emotion research, exploring emotional labor, emotional intelligence, team dynamics, and psychological capital, emotion regulation emerges as a crucial mechanism through which individuals and groups navigate workplace experiences. The research examines these phenomena across various contexts, from educational institutions to entertainment settings.

Contributing authors from various countries and offering cross-cultural perspectives, enriching our understanding of how cultural contexts influence emotional experiences and regulation in organizations, Emotional Regulation at Work employs diverse methodological approaches, including quantitative analysis, literature reviews, diary studies, and qualitative investigations.

This book provides a fresh narrative of policy reforms to support low-income workers in France and the United Kingdom in recent decades. It tackles the puzzle of why two institutionally-distinct welfare states came to make use of similar instruments - including subsidising wages via in-work benefits - to 'make work pay' and reduce in-work poverty. Drawing on primary interviews and documents, the account argues that governmental decisions were decisively influenced by prevailing ideas among political and policy elites, rather than the concrete demands of voters and interest groups. It also charts how wider developments in each state's social security and labour market system led to a process of partial welfare state convergence. The findings contribute to contemporary debates regarding welfare state politics, ideational power, and democratic representation. The volume will be of interest students and researchers in the fields of social and public policy, political science, political economy, sociology, and cognate disciplines.

A revealing look at the decline in formal employment in favor of hiring contractors, freelancers, temps, and marginal workers, who are excluded from traditional benefits and career ladders.

Companies cannot exist without workers, but they are increasingly reluctant to have employees. Instead of providing the benefits and protections that have traditionally come with employee status, businesses are turning to tactics that let them treat people as interchangeable parts, to be used and discarded as needed. Drawing on an original survey of over 6,000 workers, Disposable Workers reveals the striking extent of this transformation across the occupational hierarchy, affecting everyone from janitors to nurses.

Paul Osterman identifies three distinct categories of disposable workers: contractors, freelancers, and marginal employees. The marginal category, unique to Osterman's analysis, describes workers who are employees from a narrow legal standpoint but are held at arm's length by their firm-left without job security, skill training, or opportunities for promotion. Many low-wage service workers toil in marginal jobs, but so do white-collar professionals such as adjunct university faculty and staff attorneys at law firms. When the three categories are added up, they account for more than 35 percent of the American workforce.

Not all disposable workers object to their arrangements. But most contractors and marginal employees would prefer standard employment, and there is a significant cost to their current status. In response, Disposable Workers offers a range of policy recommendations, including mechanisms to prevent over-reliance on contracting and freelancing as well as reforms to improve job quality for part-timers and marginal employees. As the deconstruction of employment affects more and more workers, the importance of such measures will only grow.

This book focuses on the liminality and experiences of Filipino migrant musicians in Australia in relation to their identities and positionalities as migrants, professionals, labour force, musicians, and members of the multicultural community. Over 40 interviews with Filipino musicians living in Australia connect phenomena and issues surrounding transnational labour migration and the performance of musicians from other migrant backgrounds. Scholars and students interested in cultural sociology, ethnomusicology, popular music studies, cultural studies, migration, diaspora studies and Southeast Asian studies gain insights from the compelling stories in both scope and nuance, which are applicable in a broader multicultural context and the transnational as well as local music industry. Deploying important concepts such as liminality and marginality, the book is interdisciplinary and offers fresh empirical, theoretical and methodological takes on transnational migration and migrant representation in the music industry. More importantly, it highlights the involvement of an underrepresented group in a vulnerable and undervalued profession, to increase participation of migrants in the Australian and global music industry.

This volume (Parts A and B) contains 16 new studies that shed light on key aspects of immigration: the drivers of immigration, the factors fostering or hindering immigrant integration in the host country, and the impact of immigration in the host countries. The studies span a wide range of countries in Europe, North and South America and use novel administrative, regional and survey data to offer insights into historical and contemporary episodes of migration. Together, they enrich our understanding of the determinants and consequences of migration and provide an evidence base for policy discussions.

The volume covers three broad themes. In both Part A and B are eight papers on the integration of immigrants in the host society, focusing on the acquisition of human capital, labor supply, family formation, and returns to skills. Part B also studies the impact of immigration on outcomes that often dominate the public debate, namely employment, education, and crime. Published twice per year in conjunction with the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Research in Labor Economics contains new cutting edge peer reviewed research applying economic theory and econometrics to policy related topics pertinent to worker well-being often with an international focus.

At a time of great uncertainty for American workers and their unions, Who's Got the Power? reminds us that unions are still a source of hope, taking readers on a journey through the resurgence of the American labor movement in the wake of a pandemic that changed everything. In the first two decades of the twenty-first century, unions seemed to be fading into history. But the pandemic didn't just disrupt the workplace; it reignited a movement.

Longtime organizer and labor historian Dave Kamper details how labor reemerged with newfound strength, as workers began to question the status quo and demand more from their employers. Interviewing workers and labor leaders across the country, Kamper captures the stories of those on the front lines, from Frito-Lay workers in Kansas and Chicago teachers, to Amazon warehouse employees in New York and Detroit autoworkers, offering a compelling account of how, in industry after industry, strikes, protests, and bold negotiations signaled the rise of a more coordinated effort to reclaim control over working conditions. Grounding the present with rich historical examples, and drawing upon his years of experience making union concepts accessible to the general reader, Kamper provides a front-row seat to a new wave of labor activism that isn't just about wages and benefits-it's about dignity and solidarity.

An up-to-the-minute look at a brand-new phenomenon, Who's Got the Power?, featuring a foreword by Association of Flight Attendants president Sara Nelson, is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding the seismic changes in American labor today.

The need for flexible work arrangements has become essential in today's evolving work environment. As hybrid workplaces gain traction, flexible working hours allow employees to better balance their professional and personal lives, leading to improved work-life balance, productivity, and overall well-being. This shift is vital for fostering positive work environments globally.

Flexible Work Arrangements: Global Insights delves into the transformative power of flexible work hours, focusing on their impact across diverse cultures and economies. The editors of this collected edition, showcase how different countries and industries navigate the challenges of creating flexible work policies, particularly in hybrid environments. Drawing from global case studies, this work addresses the complexities of work-time laws, the influence of technology, and the critical role of flexible work in promoting gender equity, improving mental health, and fostering productivity. Highlighting the interplay between flexible schedules and sustainable development, this concise study also presents key insights into the role of flexible work arrangements in reducing carbon footprints, supporting gender equality, and promoting economic growth. Ultimately, it offers a comprehensive approach to creating a healthier, more inclusive work culture that enhances employees' Quality of Life Index.

This work is useful for policy makers, business leaders, and HR professionals seeking to understand and implement flexible working policies. It offers practical insights and evidence-backed strategies for creating work environments that not only enhance employee satisfaction and productivity but also align with global sustainability goals.

This book examines the migration of highly skilled labour from developing countries to developed ones and assesses the economics costs associated with this. By highlighting the impact of migration on developing countries, it outlines the development challenges created by the loss of highly skilled workers, especially the loss of specialised knowledge. With a particular focus on the movement of labour from Tuerkiye to the rest of the world, the inability of Tuerkiye to grow its own IT and engineering industries is discussed, alongside attempts to retain highly skilled labour.

This book offers a new perspective on global migration and the hidden economic costs associated with it. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in labour and development economics.

Occupational Training in the Future of Work explores how societies can prepare people for meaningful careers in a rapidly changing world. Technological disruption, environmental imperatives, demographic shifts, and the growing demand for equity and inclusion are transforming how we define, access, and engage in work. This timely volume offers a multidisciplinary response to these challenges, presenting forward-looking insights and evidence-based strategies for navigating the evolving landscape of work

At the heart of this collection is a central question: how can education and innovation work together to build a more adaptive and inclusive workforce? Contributors from across academia, industry, and policy explore what it means to be "career-ready" in the 21st century. They examine how higher education can better align with labor market needs, and how alternative credentials, data-informed approaches, and non-traditional pedagogies can open new and equitable career pathways.

Whether you are an educator, policymaker, employer, or researcher, this book offers practical guidance and critical perspectives on the future of occupational training. Occupational Training in the Future of Work is an essential resource for anyone committed to building a workforce that is resilient, responsive, and ready for the challenges ahead

Presenting an empirically rich account of life as a pilot, this book explores the work experience of commercial airline pilots who face existential threat from artificial intelligence. It presents an up-to-date account of how commercial aviation has been ravaged by the COVID-19 pandemic and rocked by wars in Europe and the Middle East.

The chapters put forth the importance of effectively managing people in the industry and pilots specifically and offer a detailed account of the new technologies that threaten to redefine the nature of a pilot's work. Reporting the findings of a global study of airline pilots undertaken with the support of the International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations, the book paints a vivid picture of life as an airline pilot in the current, post-pandemic airline industry and the rise of automation.

The volume will appeal to students, scholars and professionals in the fields of aviation management, human resource management, employment relations and the sociology of work. The practical findings will also be of interest to commercial aviation professionals.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Chapters assess the key thematic areas of interest that technology presents from a labour process perspective. They explore technological determinism, labour control, the consequences for skill, the response of labour unions and the alternative technological designs that can support worker interests. By embedding the analysis in an awareness of how capitalist political economy shapes the labour process, Cullinane facilitates critique of the assumptions behind the Future of Work discourse that prevail under the so-called 'Fourth Industrial Revolution'.

Scholars of business, management, employment relations, innovation and technology will greatly benefit from this consolidation of key intellectual discussions on technological change within the labour process tradition. It is also an excellent entry point for students in providing an understanding of how technology has been interpreted in the labour process tradition.

Contributing authors build on insights from the capabilities approach, multiple deprivation and precarity to explore how gender, class, and migration status shape access to good-quality jobs, and how experiences of work differ according to socio-economic background and work arrangements. The book also expands the notion of job quality beyond individual well-being to include broader goals such as fairness, sustainability and social inclusion. Bridging disciplines and regions, it integrates theoretical and empirical insights with practical guidance to help improve job quality in an era of profound and ongoing transformation.

Job Quality in a Turbulent Era is an essential read for scholars and students of sociology, political science, employment relations, labour law and business. Offering conceptual and empirical insights this book is also an important resource for policymakers and practitioners concerned with labour market issues.

This Advanced Introduction examines globalization and its challenges through the perspective of workers and the labour movement. Driven by workers' struggles, Ronaldo Munck highlights how capitalism has 'gone global' since 1990 and, in doing so, has become a powerful new agent for social transformation. Drawing on historical frameworks, Munck explores current debates around precarity, migration and emerging technologies, as well as the widening disparity between a doubling global working class and decreasing unionization rates.

Key Features:

• Presents an international perspective, moving beyond Eurocentrism to focus on the lasting impact of colonialism and imperialism
• Integrates multi-disciplinary insights from comparative sociology, labour geography, anthropology, labour history and industrial relations
• Introduces a new global social movement unionism, which seeks to unite the labor movement with other groups to find an alternative to neoliberal globalization
• Demonstrates how working class unity must be constructed by dismantling overarching social divisions organised around gender, race and location in the world system

Breaking new ground by linking globalization with the postcolonial paradigm, the Advanced Introduction to Global Labour is an essential resource for scholars and students of labour, trade union, globalization and postcolonial studies, as well as contemporary politics.

In Senorita Telefonista Susie S. Porter recounts the dynamic role of telephone operators in labor organizing in early twentieth-century Mexico City, taking us from switchboards to union halls and into the streets as working women fought for better wages and against sexual discrimination and harassment. The telephone operators' struggles reveal how bodily autonomy is historically contingent and constructed through the lived experiences of class. When and where were working-class identities available to women who wanted to make demands as workers? How did middle-class conceptions of respectability, sexual and otherwise, limit the space for working women to speak against male authority and to denounce assaults on their bodily autonomy? Porter charts the shifts in the ways women could (or could not) speak out against discrimination related to gender, marital status, and pregnancy.

Senorita Telefonista examines the emergence of the idea that women were maladapted to the workplace and charts Mexican women's fight to claim their rights as workers. As languages of class circulated and identities were made and unmade--by management, organized labor, working men, and working women themselves--women's support for organized labor hung in the balance.

This book examines young men's precarious education-to-employment transitions as they navigate educational, occupational and emotional challenges in the shadow of deindustrialisation and austerity.

Using a mixed-methods approach, Guelgecer draws on survey and interview data to explore young men's perceptions and experiences of employment, unemployment, education and training in two post-industrial British cities. The book analyses how structural inequalities - fragmented labour markets, biased education systems and punitive welfare regimes - shape uncertain futures. With education emerging as a risky 'gamble,' apprenticeships desired but underfunded and unemployment often experienced as both stigma and moral injury, the study foregrounds the emotional costs of precarity - shame, anxiety and resilience - and reveals a fractured yet enduring agency among young men facing economic abandonment and processes of cultural misrecognition in post-industrial contexts.

An interplay of material and affective precarity in youth education-to-employment transitions, this book will appeal to scholars and students of sociology, social policy, youth studies, labour market studies and masculinities. It will also be of value to professionals engaged with UK welfare, skills and labour market policy.

This novel volume presents an ethnography of the gendered dynamics of informal labour relations in three cosmopolitan cities in India-Kolkata, Delhi, and Noida-in order to analyse women's agency and identity formation in the domestic labour sphere in India.

Structured around an extensive set of in-depth narratives from female workers and employers, chapters reveal how employers and workers use language to express reciprocal support and care. Novel in its focus on affect-including the emotions, moods, and atmospheres that emerge from, and shape, the conditions of labour-chapters demonstrate the mutual, bi-directional "affective attachments" and dependencies that are formed between employers and workers through practices of mutual care. The book explores the construction of gender identities among workers, in part shaped by a variety of other intersecting relationships, including caste, ethnicity, and religion. As well as an exploration of worker-employer relations within the employers' homes, the book also examines the squatter settlements of workers, uncovering aspects of workers' domestic lives, relationships with each other, and broader relationships between transregional and trans-border migrants.

Examining a space where gender, migration, language, and emotion intersect, this book will be of interest to researchers studying gender, South Asian studies, anthropology, labour studies, migration studies, and urban studies.

In social science research, scholars can be challenged when those involved are vested in keeping their activities, experiences, or realities hidden. In the case of prostitution, while well-designed quantitative studies adopting encompassing data are scarce, recent scholarship has made great strides. Addressing the need to inform the predominant value debates with evidence-based analyses, Sex Work by Numbers provides an overview of knowns and unknowns of sex for sale based on cutting-edge science with an economic approach.

Offering an insight into a hotly debated topic where preconceived ideas dominate the public discussion, author Stef Adriaenssens cuts through the academic contributions on sex markets across several disciplines, including economics, public health and epidemiology, criminology, and sociology. Starting a conversation between different disciplinary contributions from the perspective of the economic contribution - often isolated from mainstream social science approaches - Adriaenssens discusses the econometric and economic scholarship applied to this pressing social issue. Harnessing the power of quantifying research for scientific progress, this important study provides a review of the state-of-the-art research for addressing the challenges that sex work may pose for participants, public health, and social life.

Delivering a much-needed view on how to escape the factors that prevent us from tackling problems with the necessary evidence available from the economics discipline and connected contributions, this is an evidence-based approach to advancing our understanding of the (dis)functioning of prostitution markets and the important role of quantitative analysis.

This book provides a comprehensive exploration of commercial sex work, focusing on the global scenario with a special emphasis on India. It covers the legal status, prevalence, and health challenges faced by sex workers, utilizing primary and secondary research to highlight the stigmatization and criminalization of the profession. It discusses intervention and rehabilitation complexities, the involvement of diverse populations including women, men, and LGBTQIA+ individuals, and the social perceptions and violence experienced by sex workers. It offers practical suggestions for prevention, intervention, and rehabilitation, making it a valuable resource for researchers, mental health professionals, social workers, and anyone interested in the welfare of marginalized groups.

Volume 23 of Research in Occupational Stress and Well-Being explores the intricate relationship between stress, well-being, and the evolving nature of work in the 21st century. In light of profound global disruptions-including the COVID-19 pandemic-and the rapid acceleration of technology, the workplace has undergone fundamental transformation. This volume critically examines how these shifts have reshaped the meaning, structure, and experience of work, often resulting in greater precarity, alienation, and psychological strain for workers. Through empirical studies and theoretical commentaries, contributors investigate the psychosocial impact of these changes on individuals and organisations alike.

Topics addressed in this volume span a wide range of contemporary issues, including the rise of remote work and its implications for employee identity and teamwork, the growth of precarious and gig employment, and the resurgence of labour movements and worker activism. Additional chapters examine the role of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and robotics in both alleviating and exacerbating workplace stress, as well as organisational responses to crisis and the integration of immigrant and refugee populations into the workforce. Together, these contributions provide a timely and comprehensive analysis of how stress and well-being are being redefined in a world of work that is increasingly fluid, digital, and uncertain.