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This book explores the sharing economy from an operational perspective, utilizing advanced technologies and optimization techniques to improve efficiency, sustainability, reliability, customer satisfaction, and decision-making support for stakeholders. It introduces a multi-level framework that covers various aspects of sharing economy operations, including supply and demand dynamics, platform management, and stakeholder decisions related to pricing, behavior, and operations. The book provides a thorough analysis of operational challenges in areas such as ride-sharing, operations management, crowd-shipping, security, healthcare matching, hospitality, and tourism. Advanced solutions, including data analytics, optimization models, blockchain, smart pricing, and artificial intelligence, are presented as tools to effectively address these issues. Additionally, the book examines the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of these technologies across different segments of the sharing economy, from demand and supply to platform operations. Ultimately, it offers a comprehensive overview of how digital, optimization, and advanced technologies can shape a more efficient, sustainable, and customer-focused future for the sharing economy.

This volume provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary exploration of financial literacy, highlighting its pivotal role in addressing modern global challenges. By examining the intersection of financial literacy with sustainability, education, technological advancements-particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI)-entrepreneurship, and philanthropy, the book demonstrates how financial knowledge is essential for personal financial well-being and broader societal and environmental sustainability.

Featuring contributions by professionals and academics from a diverse selection of international institutes and organizations, the chapters focus on practical, often underexplored areas of financial literacy. These include the role of charitable organizations in fostering basic financial education, particularly in underserved communities, and how primitive or foundational financial literacy plays a critical role in poverty alleviation. The book also discusses specialized topics such as Islamic finance and behavioral finance, broadening the scope of financial literacy beyond traditional paradigms to include culturally diverse and ethically driven financial systems.

By addressing less frequently discussed topics alongside cutting-edge advancements in AI and finance, this work offers a holistic view of financial literacy as both a personal asset and a driver of positive societal transformation. As such, it is suitable for academics and professionals interested in financial literacy, fintech, ethics, and sustainability.

This book explores the rapidly evolving Metaverse, where digital and physical realities merge to create immersive interactions and transactions. As virtual real estate and digital assets gain traction, investors increasingly view them as a new asset class, akin to traditional real estate or collectibles. Blockchain technology underpins this transformation, ensuring secure transactions through decentralized and transparent systems. Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) play a crucial role in establishing ownership, enabling value exchange, and preserving intellectual property within virtual economies.

The book presents the financial and legal dimensions of Metaverse investments, covering blockchain, Web3, cryptocurrencies, and NFTs. It examines how digital property markets operate, with investors purchasing, selling, and monetizing virtual land and assets in platforms like The Sandbox and Decentraland. Key factors such as virtual location, user traffic, and economic activity influence the valuation of these assets.

Beyond investment opportunities, the book highlights the broader economic impact of the Metaverse, including monetization avenues for creators, developers, and businesses. It explains how smart contracts and financial assurance mechanisms enhance trust and security in virtual transactions. Additionally, it addresses the evolving legal frameworks for digital intellectual property rights, ensuring regulatory clarity and integrity.

This book is essential for investors, legal scholars, financial analysts, policymakers, and tech enthusiasts looking to understand the intersection of digital assets, blockchain, and virtual economies. By providing a comprehensive analysis of Metaverse finance, it equips readers with the insights needed to navigate this transformative digital landscape.

This book challenges the dominance of GDP as the primary benchmark of social progress and offers a rigorous framework for rethinking economic success in high-income economies. Drawing on the evolution of welfare measurement-from GDP to MEW, NNW, and the Genuine Progress Indicator-the book critically examines the limits of growth-centered policy and its implications for wellbeing. Moving beyond conventional market-failure analysis, the author introduces a novel system and factor approach that addresses observed failures of modern economies alongside pressing global challenges such as climate change, pandemics, and geopolitical conflict. By integrating welfare-enhancing policies with explicit consideration of welfare-deductive risks, the book provides a balanced and policy-relevant vision of societal development. This volume will be of interest to scholars and graduate students in economics, public policy, and social welfare, as well as policymakers seeking practical pathways toward a welfare-oriented mature society.

This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of innovation research, focusing on perspectives from the social sciences. Its scope extends beyond the traditional association of innovation with economic change and development, addressing its impact across multiple spheres of society. The handbook examines how innovation impacts various societal spheres. The content is organized around the history, concepts, and themes of innovation research, covering both classical theories and recent developments. The handbook highlights key empirical findings and explores various dimensions of innovation. Topics include coordination mechanisms (via markets, organizations, or trust); the role of innovation in different spheres of society (such as the economy, law, science, and the arts); and selected fields of innovation (including sustainability, nutrition, and energy provision). It also examines the transformative role of digitalization, including phenomena such as social media, digital platforms, and crowdsourcing. In addition, it covers innovation policy, regulatory frameworks, and methodological approaches to studying innovation. Featuring contributions from well-known scholars, this handbook serves as a valuable resource for understanding innovation research across the social sciences.

Note: Parts of the handbook were translated from the original German manuscript using the help of an artificial intelligence machine translation tool. The translated content was subsequently revised by editors, chapter authors, and language editors to ensure accuracy and clarity.

This second part of a two-volume work offers a comprehensive exploration of China's ambitious "Made in China 2025" initiative and its broader geopolitical implications. By examining China's strategic shift from a low-cost manufacturing hub to a high-tech powerhouse, chapters provide a critical assessment of the initiative's progress and its impact on global economic dynamics.

In this volume, authors explore the idea that through the MIC 2025 initiative, China seeks not only to reduce structural dependencies on advanced economies but also to redefine the institutional logic governing.

Through expert contributions, readers will gain insights into the challenges and opportunities presented by China's industrial strategies, including the semiconductor "chips war" and the new global bipolarity centered around technology and innovation.

This volume is essential for scholars and practitioners in international political economy, Chinese studies, and global economic governance. It offers a nuanced understanding of China's evolving role on the global stage, making it a valuable resource for graduate-level courses and research institutions focused on contemporary China. With its interdisciplinary approach, the book provides a holistic view of China's rise and its implications for the future of global economic and strategic competition.

This book provides valuable insights into the ways in which economics and management science contribute to sustainable development, organizational innovation, and social well-being. Featuring peer-reviewed contributions presented at the World Conference on Economics and Management (WorldCEM 25) held in Aveiro, Portugal, this book showcases how advanced research methodologies, innovative models, and empirical studies can inform better decision-making across sectors and regions. Featuring interdisciplinary approaches and real-world applications to offer a bridge between theory and practice, this book provides academics, scholars, researchers, and professionals with advanced scholarship in economics and management while also inspiring future research in responsible leadership, evidence-based policymaking, and inclusive growth in a rapidly changing world.

This book examines three scenarios of decarbonization to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of allocating carbon pollution-free sources across sectors (uses). For this purpose and looking at the EU target, the LSCOA (levelized social cost of abatement), the abatement speed (AS) and the cost of the avoided carbon cumulation (COACC) are estimated. The main conclusion is that accelerating the use of pollution-free sources in contestable end uses before the electricity supply is fully decarbonized is inefficient and ineffective compared to prioritizing their allocation to power generation, whether through renewables or carbon capture utilization and storage. Therefore, policies should focus first on decarbonizing the electricity supply. Only once this has largely been achieved, a deep penetration of pollution-free sources into contestable end uses (both "less difficult to abate and "hard to abate") should be promoted. Following this sequence leads to lower abatement costs and reduced carbon accumulation, minimizing the cost of avoided carbon accumulation in the atmosphere. Otherwise, indiscriminate acceleration risks slowing down the overall energy transition and undermining climate objectives (including limiting global warming). Regarding the specific decarbonization pathways, direct electrification emerges as the preferable carrier, whereas hydrogen is justified as feedstock for e-fuels supply, including imports from Middle East and North Africa countries.

This volume is a collection of scholarly essays in game theory, economics, and management science published in honor of Guiomar Martin-Herran, whose work has made significant contributions to dynamic optimization and the analysis of strategic interaction in economic and managerial contexts.

Its twelve chapters address a range of topics, including groundwater exploitation, pollution control, nonrenewable resources, dual-channel competition, environmental regulation, differential games, resource extraction, fisheries, common-pool resource management, climate change, and retail services, with a shared emphasis on equilibrium analysis and dynamic decision-making.

The book will be of interest to researchers, advanced graduate students, and specialists in economics, management science, operations research, and applied mathematics concerned with contemporary applications of game-theoretic and optimization methods.

This book presents a classical liberal perspective on the governance and economic implications of artificial intelligence. As generative AI transforms industries and institutions, this book reframes urgent debates on safety, regulation, labour, and autonomy through the lens of classical liberal economic and political philosophy.

Drawing on Austrian economics, liberal growth theory, and institutional economics, this book argues that classical liberalism and its philosophical framework has not only historically inspired the design of artificial intelligence but also remains a critical guide for its future development and application. From neural networks as emergent orders to AI agents as capital goods, the book explores how liberal principles can guide innovation, mitigate risk, and preserve individual rights. Chapters examine interpretability, the future of work, open-source commons, and the calculation debate, engaging with theorists such as Hayek, Kirzner, Simon, and Schumpeter. The book proposes polycentric governance models for AI safety and rights protection, emphasizing pluralism, contestability, and due process over precautionary control.

This book will be an essential resource for scholars in political economy, law and economics, technology policy, and digital governance. It will also appeal to a broader readership interested in academically rigorous, liberal approaches to the challenges and opportunities of the intelligence explosion.

The social world is full of collective entities. But how do collective entities emerge, and what are they made of? What supports their public existence? This book offers a theoretical and empirical response to these questions, through the case of one of these entities: the national economy in France. The national economy exists as an entity, with its own agency and sometimes even its own personality, in France as in almost every country. Journalists, politicians, trade unionists, business leaders, economists, and the general public closely follow the developments of the national economy and debate its potential for growth or decline.

This book offers a biography of the French economy, backtracking the successive events that, over the course of the twentieth century, helped establish it as an autonomous domain. Drawing on interviews, as well as institutional archives, Thomas Angeletti determines how economists and their devices invented the French economy and how, once present on the public scene, this entity developed a life of its own.

This book offers a comprehensive and accessible introduction to risk management in financial institutions, with a strong focus on contemporary challenges such as market volatility, liquidity pressures, and financial technology. By integrating traditional banking risks with emerging challenges, the book supports both students and professionals seeking accessible insights into banking risk, regulation, and modern financial practice.

The book begins by outlining the structure and functioning of financial markets and institutions, before moving into key areas of risk measurement, including interest rate, market, and liquidity risk. It then explores emerging themes such as fintech and operational risk. The later chapters focus on practical risk management tools, including capital adequacy, derivatives, securitisation, and prudential regulation across major economies.

European Union policy on rural development and EU research programmes aim to help rural areas of the EU meet the wide range of economic, environmental and social challenges of the 21st Century. However, the challenges facing rural areas of Europe, and their people, remain significant and highly affected by the crises of our current era. This contributed volume comprises 12 research studies, exploring the intersection of research, policy and innovation strategy across the diverse rural regions of the Europe Union.

Conducted in different countries, these studies point to the challenges that lie at the heart of strategic planning in public policy. The book ultimately supports an EU vision for future rural development, digitalisation, sustainability planning and innovation strategy. It is not only a source of data on the problems faced by local communities in different European countries, but offers suggestions for practical use of bottom-up and multiactor perspective for policy-making, business development and community engagement at local, regional and national level. It will be of great interest to scholars and students of rural development, innovation strategy, the agricultural sector and EU policy.

This book examines ways in which political ideologies, legal frameworks, religious customs, and cultural institutions are employed by gendered power hierarchies to shape the daily lives of women and other marginalised groups in the Global South. It draws attention to the profoundly established, frequently unseen patriarchal structures that interact with caste, class, race, and religion. The book addresses the fundamental question: How do the political, religious, cultural, and legal systems of power interact to uphold or challenge gender inequality in the Global South? Drawing from critical political theory, cultural studies, and postcolonial feminism, the book is firmly rooted in the intersectionality theoretical framework. It explores the ways in which gendered power marginalises women and gender minorities while also facilitating acts of agency and resistance across a variety of geographical areas, most notably South Asia, Africa, and Oceania. The book is divided into four parts: Gendered Power and Political Participation; Cultural and Institutional Patriarchy; Resistance, Right-Wing Populism, and Gendered Narratives; and, Voice, Violence, and Visibility. Examples of case studies include the role of women in right-wing populist governments, the way gender is reinterpreted in Bhutanese and Dalit literature, the Loya Jirga and other traditional governing systems, and feminist interventions in law and diplomacy. The book argues that comprehending and altering gendered systems requires an intricate, intersectional lens. Scholars, students, and practitioners operating at the nexus of gender, politics, and postcolonial studies will benefit from this transdisciplinary resource.

This book provides a groundbreaking analytical framework to decode the paradoxes at the heart of China's financial system. It investigates why heavy-handed government intervention persisted alongside stellar economic growth, and why the very policies that fueled the "China miracle" are now generating significant financial risks and inefficiencies.

Moving beyond mere description, the analysis adopts a historic perspective to answer four pivotal questions: Why did China maintain repressive financial policies? Why didn't these policies stifle growth? What caused the recent surge in financial risks? And what are the essential next steps for reform? The book uniquely characterizes China's reform path as one of "asymmetric market reform," driven by pragmatism rather than theoretical ideals.

The scope spans from the foundational reforms of the state-owned banks and markets to the latest revolution in digital finance. It demystifies how technologies like mobile payments and Big-Tech lending are promoting inclusion while creating new regulatory challenges. The book is tailored for academics, policymakers, financial professionals, and students seeking a sophisticated understanding of China's financial trajectory.

This book offers an accessible introduction to financial stability and macroprudential policy with a particular focus on Europe. Covering economic, institutional and regulatory aspects, it is an essential read for professionals and scholars alike.

The first part explores the macroprudential mandate, emphasising the importance of monitoring the entire financial system. The second part introduces the fundamentals of macroprudential supervision and addresses various risk types and their assessment. The third part examines macroprudential policy in detail, covering the key players, institutions and tools used to enhance financial stability.

Ideal for professionals working in supervisory authorities, commercial banks and central banks, as well as for students of economics and supervisory studies, this book provides a solid foundation for understanding financial system stability and macroprudential policy.

This edited book explores the evolving relationship between fintech, regulation, and sustainable development from a global perspective. It provides comparative analyses of regulatory approaches in the EU, Germany, Tuerkiye, and selected emerging markets, assessing how fintech innovations, such as digital payments, equity crowdfunding, and green finance-support financial inclusion and sustainability goals. Combining policy analysis with empirical insights, the volume serves as a practical guide for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to navigate the complex intersection of technological innovation and responsible regulation.

This open access book from the Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network addresses food security, health, and wellbeing among migrants and refugees who faced heightened vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a blend of survey data, personal narratives, and compelling images, it illustrates the consequences of the pandemic for migrants and refugees from Afghanistan, the DRC, Ghana, Somalia, Syria, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe, living in the destination countries of Canada, South Africa, Ecuador, and Qatar. The contributors focus on four themes: the food security and health implications of public health responses to COVID-19; the impact of these measures on marginalised refugees and migrants in urban settings; gender differences in accessing food and food-related programs; and key policy lessons for vulnerable populations in times of crisis. This book will be useful to academics, students, and stakeholders engaged with migrant and refugee communities, as well as policymakers seeking actionable insights. While focused on COVID-19, its insights are relevant for future public health emergencies.

This book offers an analysis of reward-based crowdfunding based on empirical case studies and gift exchange theory. Reward-based crowdfunding projects aim to produce products that, in addition to their consumer value, also have value in terms of promoting a good cause. Supporters of the projects receive non-financial rewards for their financial contributions. The main rewards are the products of the projects. The book shows that the key to understanding reward-based crowdfunding lies in a three-way relationship between consumption, connection to a cause of deeper meaning, and belonging to a community of like-minded people. The connection between purchase and donation, between consumption and commitment, is thus established by the fact that supporters act as consumers on the one hand, but on the other hand associate a deeper meaning with the object of consumption, which motivates them to engage more strongly with this object than with 'normal' products. The book is aimed at social, media and economic scientists who are interested in the phenomena of the sharing economy, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding.

This is the 39th volume of Springer's Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics series, the official book series of the Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES). This volume features selected papers presented at the 52nd EBES Conference, held in Istanbul, Tuerkiye, on July 3-5, 2025. The conference was organized with the support of the Istanbul Economic Research Association, jointly organized with the Gulf Financial Center and the College of Business Administration, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait, in Collaboration with the Bahcesehir University. At the conference, 215 papers were presented by 471 colleagues from 59 countries. The conference was held in a hybrid format, featuring both in-person and online paper presentations.

This open access book presents a comprehensive exploration of resilient innovation and innovation for resilience within the context of the PR China Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). By integrating insights from diverse stakeholders, it offers a fresh perspective on enhancing resilience through innovation while promoting sustainable practices and advanced innovation solutions for enhancing resilience..
The innovative approach proposes collaborative frameworks that leverage existing initiatives in standardization, research, and international cooperation as foundational elements for building resilience. This book aims to create a network of innovation centers along the BRI, fostering international collaboration and knowledge exchange.
Covering a wide range of innovation and resilience related topics, the content includes assessments, regulations, risk management, and the role of critical infrastructures and the society in enhancing resilience. It is designed for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners interested in the intersection of innovation, sustainability, and international cooperation.
Key features of the book include:
1. Collaborative Insights: Contributions from a diverse array of experts and stakeholders, providing a multifaceted view of resilience in innovation.
2. Practical Frameworks: Actionable suggestions for implementing resilient innovation strategies, supported by case studies.
3. Strategic Relevance: Aligns with current global challenges, offering timely insights into the role of innovation in addressing systemic risks and enhancing sustainability.
This book is an essential resource for anyone looking to understand and contribute to the future of resilient innovation both along the Belt & Road Initiative and in a broader international context.

This book takes the reader on a philosophical journey into the core of modern finance, bringing to light the ideas, values, and contradictions that shape Wall Street and, through it, the global economy. It shows how markets have moved beyond their original role as instruments of exchange to become autonomous systems of power and meaning-systems that do not merely mirror economic and social realities, but actively participate in producing them.

Bringing together philosophy, economics, and history, A Philosophical Walk Down Wall Street explores how financial markets generate knowledge, how mathematical models come to possess authority, and why crises continue to recur in spite of increasing technological sophistication. Through rich case studies, ranging from the 2008 financial crisis to algorithmic trading, the book argues that concepts such as efficiency, risk, and value are not simply neutral analytical tools, but embody substantive philosophical claims about the nature of the world.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of innovative sampling methods. Building on the foundations of general sampling theory, it offers a rigorous yet accessible framework for understanding and implementing modern sampling algorithms.

Sampling has undergone a profound transformation since the early 2000s. This new edition has been substantially expanded and offers a far more comprehensive treatment than the first, providing both broader scope and greater depth in modern sampling methodology. It places particular emphasis on state-of-the-art approaches, including systematic and quasi-systematic designs; maximum entropy sampling designs; balanced sampling and its variants; spatial and spread sampling that ensure geographic dispersion for autocorrelated variables; sample coordination for repeated surveys; and sampling from data streams for real-time signal analysis. Sampling enables big data reduction, illustrating how sampling theory can efficiently handle massive datasets.

Each method is presented in detail with an emphasis on practical implementation. Numerous techniques are illustrated using the R programming language, and fully functional code is provided to facilitate immediate application.

This book is intended for master's and doctoral students, as well as experienced statisticians and researchers who already have a good grasp of sampling theory and wish to enrich their toolbox with theory-based, ready-to-implement techniques.

This open access book provides theoretical, empirical and practical solutions to develop competencies needed for digital transformation and changes in work and life in African contexts. It promotes ecosystems in which educational institutions, companies and policymakers aim to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations. This book is based on the Finnish African Co-Innovation project DAIA (Digital Academies in Africa (2022-2025), where Finnish and African researchers and companies have worked together.

The book first analyses the scenarios presented in African future-related documents, before introducing solutions and new implementations to address the needs and demands identified. It presents a compilation of chapters that combine expertise from theoretical and empirical research in education, with case studies from specific industrial sectors in South Africa to map future learning ecosystems in Africa.

This open access book explores methods, approaches, techniques, values and ethical issues that create space for innovation in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) to meet contemporary needs at the regional, local, and global levels. By bringing together teaching, research and work experience from academia and the industry/private sectors, it provides a valuable resource for education providers, researchers, practitioners, teachers, school leaders, policymakers, industrial partners, and company leaders and trainers. This book also serves as a potential textbook in higher education and TVET.

This book examines the economic ideas of notable scientists and how they have contributed to the conception of science, technology, and innovation within the history of economic thought. It examines the economic ideas of notable scientists and evaluates their position within the history of economics. From Copernicus' interests in monetary theory and Galileo's pondering of the relationship between science and technology, to Einstein's analysis of the Great Depression and Marie Curie's innovations in the financing of research, a long history of the relationship between science, technology, and economics is presented.

This book offers unique insight into an overlooked contribution to economic thought. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in technological development and the history of economic thought.

This book examines how different forms of proximity influence the knowledge processes necessary for sustainable innovation. Exploring five key dimensions-geographical, cognitive, institutional, organizational, and social-it shows how the most effective combinations of these dimensions support strong, sustainability-oriented innovation networks.

Through an analysis of how these dimensions interact, the book identifies common patterns in successful collaborations. It provides practical guidance for companies, policymakers, universities, and civil society organizations designing innovation networks or selecting partners for collaborative projects. Policy actors will find guidance for crafting strategies that promote sustainability more effectively.

At its core, the book introduces a refined analytical framework for studying multiactor settings, which are typical of sustainable innovation. It addresses the complexity of sustainability challenges and the dispersed, context-specific knowledge they require. Drawing on innovation systems research and sustainability science, the book provides a deeper understanding of how sustainable innovations take shape and thrive.