Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

砂糖の世界－いかに甘いものが2000年間にわたって政治・健康・環境を変えたか
Bosma, Ulbe, The World of Sugar: How the Sweet Stuff Transformed Our Politics, Health, and Environment over 2,000 Years. 416 pp. 2023:5 (Belknap Pr., US) <690-322>
ISBN 978-0-674-27939-1 hard ¥7,546.- (税込) US$ 35.00 *

"[A] tour de force of global history...Bosma has turned the humble sugar crystal into a mighty prism for understanding aspects of global history and the world in which we live."-Los Angeles Review of BooksThe definitive 2,500-year history of sugar and its human costs, from its little-known origins as a luxury good in Asia to worldwide environmental devastation and the obesity pandemic.For most of history, humans did without refined sugar. After all, it serves no necessary purpose in our diets, and extracting it from plants takes hard work and ingenuity. Granulated sugar was first produced in India around the sixth century BC, yet for almost 2,500 years afterward sugar remained marginal in the diets of most people. Then, suddenly, it was everywhere. How did sugar find its way into almost all the food we eat, fostering illness and ecological crisis along the way?The World of Sugar begins with the earliest evidence of sugar production. Through the Middle Ages, traders brought small quantities of the precious white crystals to rajahs, emperors, and caliphs. But after sugar crossed the Mediterranean to Europe, where cane could not be cultivated, demand spawned a brutal quest for supply. European cravings were satisfied by enslaved labor; two-thirds of the 12.5 million Africans taken across the Atlantic were destined for sugar plantations. By the twentieth century, sugar was a major source of calories in diets across Europe and North America.Sugar transformed life on every continent, creating and destroying whole cultures through industrialization, labor migration, and changes in diet. Sugar made fortunes, corrupted governments, and shaped the policies of technocrats. And it provoked freedom cries that rang with world-changing consequences. In Ulbe Bosma's definitive telling, to understand sugar's past is to glimpse the origins of our own world of corn syrup and ethanol and begin to see the threat that a not-so-simple commodity poses to our bodies, our environment, and our communities.

P.-Y.ドンゼ著　欧州を世界に売り込む－ラグジュアリー・ファッション産業の台頭　1980～2020年－
Donze, Pierre-Yves, Selling Europe to the World: The Rise of the Luxury Fashion Industry, 1980-2020. 184 pp. 2023:3 (Bloomsbury Academic, UK) <690-323>
ISBN 978-1-350-33577-6 hard ¥18,518.- (税込) GB￡ 65.00 *
ISBN 978-1-350-33578-3 paper ¥6,264.- (税込) GB￡ 21.99 *

Chanel suits, Louis Vuitton bags and Omega watches are now objects that embody a globalized material culture. Over the past 30 years, the luxury goods industry has undergone a tremendous expansion around the world. However, it remains largely dominated by European companies, ranging from diversified conglomerates such as LVMH and Richemont to independent companies such as the Italian fashion houses Armani and Ermenegildo Zegna, and industrial groups like Swatch and L'Oreal or new start-ups such as Richard Mille. How and why did these companies succeed? How did they manage to transform a sector previously dominated by small family firms into a global big business? Selling Europe to the World presents the development of the global luxury goods industry from the 1980s to the present day. It highlights the strategies implemented by a new generation of entrepreneurs and explains, beyond the glamorous image conveyed by luxury brands, the sources of success of these firms. An essential book for understanding the success of the contemporary luxury industry.

Garcia Morcillo, Marta / Rosillo-Lopez, Cristina (eds.), The Real Estate Market in the Roman World. (Routledge Explorations in Economic History) 352 pp. 2023:3 (Routledge, UK) <690-324>
ISBN 978-1-03-203533-8 hard ¥35,612.- (税込) GB￡ 125.00 *

As it is today, the property market was a key and dynamic economic sector in Ancient Rome. Its study demands a deep understanding of Roman society, of the normative frameworks and the notions of wealth, value, identity and status that shaped individual and collective mentalities. This book takes a multisided insight into real estate as the subject of short- and long-term economic investments, of speculative businesses ventures, of power abuses and inequalities, of social aspirations, but also of essential housing needs. The volume discusses thoroughly relevant and new literary, legal, epigraphic, papyrological and archaeological evidence, and incorporates comparative historical perspectives and methodologies, including economic theory and current, critical sociological debates about the functioning of modern real estate markets and issues linked to its commodification and regulation. In pursuing this line of enquiry, the contributions that make up the book investigate the impact of ideas such as profit, risk, security and trust in transfers, management and use of residential houses, commercial buildings and productive estates in urban and rural contexts. The work further evaluates the legal responses to and the public enforcement strategies concerning such activities, the high mobility of fortunes and unstable property-rights that resulted from one-off but also structural, political, financial, economic and institutional crises that marked the history of the Roman Republic and Principate. This book aims to demonstrate the relevance of the study of pre-modern real estate markets today, and will be of significant interest to readers of economic history as well as Roman law, Roman archaeology, the history of urbanism and social history.

中世欧州の漁業の環境史
Hoffmann, Richard C., The Catch: An Environmental History of Medieval European Fisheries. (Studies in Environment and History) 350 pp. 2023:5 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <690-325>
ISBN 978-1-108-84546-5 hard ¥29,914.- (税込) GB￡ 105.00 *
ISBN 978-1-108-95820-2 paper ¥9,968.- (税込) GB￡ 34.99 *

This definitive environmental history of medieval fish and fisheries provides a comprehensive examination of European engagement with aquatic systems between c. 500 and 1500 CE. Using textual, zooarchaeological, and natural records, Richard C. Hoffmann's unique study spans marine and freshwater fisheries across western Christendom, discusses effects of human-nature relations and presents a deeper understanding of evolving European aquatic ecosystems. Changing climates, landscapes, and fishing pressures affected local stocks enough to shift values of fish, fishing rights, and dietary expectations. Readers learn what the abbess Waldetrudis in seventh-century Hainault, King Ramiro II (d.1157) of Aragon, and thirteenth-century physician Aldebrandin of Siena shared with English antiquarian William Worcester (d. 1482), and the young Martin Luther growing up in Germany soon thereafter. Sturgeon and herring, carp, cod, and tuna played distinctive roles. Hoffmann highlights how encounters between medieval Europeans and fish had consequences for society and the environment - then and now.

Negron, Sergio Gutierrez, Mexico, Interrupted: Labor, Idleness, and the Economic Imaginary of Independence. (Critical Mexican Studies) 296 pp. 2023:6 (Vanderbilt U. Pr., US) <690-327>
ISBN 978-0-8265-0554-5 hard ¥21,549.- (税込) US$ 99.95 *
ISBN 978-0-8265-0553-8 paper ¥7,535.- (税込) US$ 34.95 *

Mexican independence was, in a sense, an economic event. It was so on two counts. First, it was in the realm of the economic that elites managed to create a common ground with non-elites in their demands against foreign domination. Second, it was an economic event in that, throughout the 19th century, independence was imagined by the lettered men of Mexico as a feat that nationalized, or that could have nationalized, a rich and productive economic apparatus.Mexico, Interrupted investigates the fate of these economic hopes during the difficult decades between the year of the country's definite separation from Spain and the year of the defeat of the French occupation and the restoration of the Republic, which many took to be the second and final independence of the territory. Drawing on the writings of politicians, journalists, intellectuals, industrialists, and novelists, this book studies the Mexican intelligentsia's obsessive engagement with the labor and idleness of the citizenry in their attempts to create a wealthy, independent nation. By focusing on work and its opposites in the period between, Mexico, Interrupted reconstructs the period's "economic imaginaries of independence": the repertoire of political and cultural discourses that structured the understandings, beliefs, and fantasies about the relationships between "the economy" and the life of an independent polity. All told, by bringing together intellectual history, critical theory, and cultural studies, this project offers a new account of the Mexican nineteenth century and complicates existing histories of the spread of the "spirit of capitalism" through the Americas.

Pruska, Anna Berenika, Swiss Banking Secrecy and the US-Swiss Conflict Over Holocaust Claims. (International Relations in Asia, Africa and the Americas 15) 238 pp. 2022:12 (P. Lang, SZ) <690-328>
ISBN 978-3-631-87281-9 hard ¥14,482.- (税込) SFR 58.00

This book examines US-Swiss relations in the context of Swiss banking secrecy and Holocaust related claims from World War II until the end of the 1990s. During World War II, Switzerland had been purchasing Reichsbank’s gold and safeguarded the assets of the victims of Nazi Germany. This deeply impacted US-Swiss relations in the 1990s, and fueled a major conflict over dormant accounts and heirless assets of Holocaust victims. The US pressured Switzerland for Holocaust restitution using economic sanctions and a negative PR campaign. This culminated in a billion-dollar settlement, a reevaluation of wartime history by the Swiss, and a blow to Switzerland’s international image. This book analyzes US policy towards Switzerland as a case of projection of US economic, as opposed to military power.

Purinton, Malcolm F., Globalization in a Glass: The Rise of Pilsner Beer through Technology, Taste and Empire. (Food in Modern History: Traditions and Innovations) 192 pp. 2023:6 (Bloomsbury Academic, UK) <690-329>
ISBN 978-1-350-32437-4 hard ¥24,216.- (税込) GB￡ 85.00 *

The spread of Pilsner beer from its inception in 1842 clearly shows the changes wrought by globalization in an age of empire. Its rise was dependent not only on technological innovations and faster supply chains, but also on the increased connectedness of the world and the political and economic structures of empire. Drawing upon a wide range of archival sources from Europe, the Americas, and Sub-Saharan Africa, this study traces the spread of industrial beer brewing in Europe from the late 18th to the early 20th century to show how a single beer style became the global favourite through advances in science, business and imperial power. In highlighting the evolution of consumer tastes through changing hierarchical relationships between the British metropole and colonies, as well as the evolution of business organizations and practices, Globalization in a Glass contributes to ongoing debates about globalization, empire, and trade. It argues that, despite the might and power of the British Empire as a colonizing force, the effects of globalization, imperial trade networks, and colonial migration led to the domination of the most popular Continental European style of beer, the Pilsner, over British-style ales.

Savi, Lucia, A New History of "Made in Italy": Fashion and Textiles in Post-War Italy. 224 pp. 2023:2 (Bloomsbury Academic, UK) <690-330>
ISBN 978-1-350-24775-8 hard ¥24,216.- (税込) GB￡ 85.00 *

In the first book to examine the role played by textile manufacturing in the development of fashion in Italy, A New History of 'Made in Italy' investigates Italy's transition from a country of dressmakers, tailors and small-scale couturiers in the early post-Second World War period to a major producer of ready-to-wear fashion in the 1980s. It takes the reader from Italy's first internationally attended fashion show in 1951 to Time magazine's Giorgio Armani April 1982 cover story, which signalled the fashion designer's international arrival, and Milan's presence as the capital of ready-to-wear. Chapters focus for the first time on the material substance of Italian fashion - textile - looking at questions including the importance of manufacturing quality, design innovation, composition, production techniques, commerce and the role of textile on the country's overall fashion system. Through these, Lucia Savi brings to light the importance of synthetic fibres, previously little-known players, such as the carnettisti (a type of textile wholesalers) as well as re-investigating well-known couturiers and designers such as Simonetta, Gianfranco Ferre and Gianni Versace. By looking at how things are made, by whom, and where, this book seeks to unpack the 'Made in Italy' label through a focus on making. Informed by extensive archival materials retrieved from a wide range of sources, it brings together the often-separated disciplines of fashion, textile and design history.

中世イープルにおける織物製造業の社会史
Stabel, Peter, The Fabric of the City: A Social History of Cloth Manufacture in Medieval Ypres. (Studies in European Urban History (1100 - 1800), 59) 278 pp. 2022:8 (Brepols, BE) <690-331>
ISBN 978-2-503-60051-2 hard ¥22,127.- (税込) EUR 94.00 *

ローマの宗教の経済
Wilson, Andrew / Ray, Nick / Trentacoste, Angela (eds.), The Economy of Roman Religion. (Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy) 352 pp. 2023:6 (Oxford U. Pr., UK) <690-332>
ISBN 978-0-19-288353-7 hard ¥23,646.- (税込) GB￡ 83.00 *

This interdisciplinary edited volume presents twelve papers by Roman historians and archaeologists, discussing the interconnected relationship between religion and the Roman economy over the period c. 500 BC to AD 350. The connection between Roman religion and the economy has largely been ignored in work on the Roman economy, but this volume explores the many complex ways in which economic and religious thinking and activities were interwoven, from individuals to institutions. The broad geographic and chronological scope of the volume engages with a notable variety of evidence: epigraphic, archaeological, historical, papyrological, and zooarchaeological. In addition to providing case studies that draw from the rich archaeological, documentary, and epigraphic evidence, the volume also explores the different and sometimes divergent pictures offered by these sources (from discrepancies in the cost of religious buildings, to the tensions between piety and ostentatious donation). The edited collection thus bridges economic, social, and religious themes. The volume provides a view of a society in which religion had a central role in economic activity on an institutional to individual scale. The volume allows an evaluation of impact of that activity from both financial and social viewpoints, providing a new perspective on Roman religion - a perspective to which a wide range of archaeological and documentary evidence, from animal bone to coins and building costs, has contributed. As a result, this volume not only provides new information on the economy of Roman religion: it also proposes new ways of looking at existing bodies of evidence.

希少性－資本主義の起源から気候危機までの歴史
Jonsson, Fredrik Albritton / Wennerlind, Carl, Scarcity: A History from the Origins of Capitalism to the Climate Crisis. 304 pp. 2023:4 (Harvard U. Pr., US) <690-206>
ISBN 978-0-674-98708-1 hard ¥7,546.- (税込) US$ 35.00 *

A sweeping intellectual history of the concept of economic scarcity-its development across five hundred years of European thought and its decisive role in fostering the climate crisis.Modern economics presumes a particular view of scarcity, in which human beings are innately possessed of infinite desires and society must therefore facilitate endless growth and consumption irrespective of nature's limits. Yet as Fredrik Albritton Jonsson and Carl Wennerlind show, this vision of scarcity is historically novel and was not inevitable even in the age of capitalism. Rather, it reflects the costly triumph of infinite-growth ideologies across centuries of European economic thought-at the expense of traditions that sought to live within nature's constraints.The dominant conception of scarcity today holds that, rather than master our desires, humans must master nature to meet those desires. Albritton Jonsson and Wennerlind argue that this idea was developed by thinkers such as Francis Bacon, Samuel Hartlib, Alfred Marshall, and Paul Samuelson, who laid the groundwork for today's hegemonic politics of growth. Yet proponents of infinite growth have long faced resistance from agrarian radicals, romantic poets, revolutionary socialists, ecofeminists, and others. These critics-including the likes of Gerrard Winstanley, Dorothy Wordsworth, Karl Marx, and Hannah Arendt-embraced conceptions of scarcity in which our desires, rather than nature, must be mastered to achieve the social good. In so doing, they dramatically reenvisioned how humans might interact with both nature and the economy.Following these conflicts into the twenty-first century, Albritton Jonsson and Wennerlind insist that we need new, sustainable models of economic thinking to address the climate crisis. Scarcity is not only a critique of infinite growth, but also a timely invitation to imagine alternative ways of flourishing on Earth.