経済史・経営史 — 全 下位分類

This book draws together interdisciplinary perspectives from economic history, cultural economics and cross-cultural management to analyse the impact of culture on the economic trajectories of former empires.

Chapters in the book explore the role of cultural values in shaping the institutional frameworks influencing economic development, focusing on a global selection of case studies that share a common imperial heritage. The empires reviewed consist of: The Netherlands, the Ashanti, Spain, Austria-Hungary, Germany, Turkey, France, Great-Britain, Japan and Russia. The focus on former empires enables the book to provide fascinating comparative and historical analysis of the ways in which different countries gained, justified and lost imperial power over time, and the ways in which their global influences remain today. Each contribution draws on the Steyr Intercultural Management Model (SIMM) to analyse cultural values in their broadest sense, while maintaining awareness of the limitations in defining 'culture' in different historical periods and nations. The volume also offers a unique integration of historical and cultural economic approaches that will be of interest to scholars across a range of fields.

This book aims to provide insights regarding business management and corporate expansion in Germany from the late 19th century until the end of World War II (periods of the Second Reich, the Weimar Republic, and National Socialism) from the perspective of comparative management studies. This book elucidates Germany's specific development through analysis from two viewpoints. The first perspective is the historical context of the global economy and German capitalism. The second viewpoint concerns international economic relations-such as linkages in both market and capital-as well as influences of hegemonic nations and Germany's pursuit of globalism. This book utilizes a comparative perspective among industries, enterprises, and the United States. It is the first to comprehensively explore various fields related to business administration, including business concentration, management systems, production systems, corporate strategy, and organizational structure. This book considers (1) the concentration of enterprises and the corresponding system of industrial concentration, (2) the labor management system and the deployment of the Taylor system, (3) the deployment of the Ford system and the transformation toward mass production, and (4) changes in enterprise and organizational structures. This book analyzes the development of business management in Germany, focusing on the interrelationships between (1) the factors determining business management changes, (2) the actual conditions of business management changes, and (3) the significance of such phenomena for developing companies and a capitalistic economy. This book investigates the interrelationships among three areas (enterprise, industry, and economy) to clarify the historical process of corporate expansion.

This book elucidates the significance and limitations of Germany's specific business management and enterprise development from the following important perspectives: (1) the historical conditions of global capitalism and German capitalism; (2) the influences of a hegemonic nation's globalism as the principle and "ism" for competition over establishing global hegemony, world economic order, and Germany's pursuit of globalism; (3) regional conditions in Europe; (4) the influences of American management methods; (5) the expansion of the munitions market during National Socialism; (6) "continuity" and "discontinuity" in business management before and after World War II and their significance; and (7) the characteristics of various industries. Through these analyses, this book strives to clarify the overall view of business management, industrial concentration, and corporate expansion in Germany before the end of World War ?. This book clarifies business management in Germany during this period, its roles in corporate expansion, and its contributions to the development after the war, providing an instructive visual perspective for studying the postwar period.

This book explores the long-term economic growth of three key regions: China, Central Eurasia, and Western Europe. It discusses why some areas experienced faster, and more sustained growth than others by focusing on how new ideas are created (innovation), how different countries use these ideas (adoption), and how these factors influence long-term economic differences and similarities (divergence/convergence). These key drivers are examined across time and throughout different regions, considering factors like state involvement, urbanization, the development of specific resources (e.g., fertile land), labor relations, and prices and wages.

The book presents new research, connects chapters with recurring themes, and offers combined explanations. Without getting stuck in purely theoretical or historical discussions, it thus goes beyond the various theories to study how the nations caught up, fell behind, and forged ahead in GDP and immaterial well-being. Finally, the book highlights that, while there is value in understanding various existing theories, it is important to acknowledge the complexities in each region's specific historical and regional context.

This book explores the impact of the Board of Trade upon the British state from the early seventeenth century to the early twentieth century. The study argues that for too long historians have overlooked the Board, yet it was a critical force in shaping the British state and in developing its capacity both for economic regulation and for economic development. Focusing on the slave trade and on the textiles, shipping, and infrastructural industries, the authors examine the Board of Trade's role in shaping, promoting, and protecting these industries and thereby in defining the British state's economic interests.

The book adds the notion of an imperial-corporate state to widely used concepts of fiscal-military and mercantilist state-building. Challenging the adequacy of the many theories which emphasise taxation and currency in state-building, this study stresses the importance of micro-economic interventions. It unpacks the distinctive character of the British state's system of micro-economic governance by tracing one central department's evolution and its relations with other departments, British businesses and infrastructure, and with the governance structures operating between state, company-states, colonies, and domestic business. Three sub-periods of the Board of Trade's history are distinguished, each marked by a distinctive relationship with the domestic and imperial economies and by characteristic approaches to regulatory oversight.

The book will be of interest to academics and students in business, economic, and political history, and all those interested in the structure of the British state, its legacies of running empires, its relationship with industrial policies and industrialisation, and how it developed its regulatory shape.

This Palgrave Pivot presents a microhistory of an important but little-known incident of futures trading. The case in question concerns an incident in the futures market operated by the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) in 1968, where an individual trader David Henner was able to set an unusually (and, ultimately unjustified) high closing price for delivery of eggs in six months. By examining the legal and economic theoretical context of this incident, the book argues that the definition of market manipulation is not straightforward, and has been complicated by a reluctance among regulators to accept the idea that ordinary market dynamics can produce a false price.

Unlike most other cases of financial market manipulation, the finding here did not involve a market corner or some form of insider trading, but instead suggested that the inherent dynamics of an open outcry market could produce an unreal price. As narrative history, it offers scholars and practitioners of financial market regulation and operation a valuable way of looking at why otherwise inexplicable breaks in prices occur. This book will be valuable reading for those interested in law and economics, financial regulation, and the history of commodities and futures trading.

This book analyzes key aspects of European tourism development in the 20th century, focusing on the development of tourist destinations, as well as tourism policies that were created to shape these destinations. The book also examines the private sector, which has traditionally played a determining role in European tourism development. While doing so, this volume presents case studies of Western European and Eastern European countries, such as Switzerland, Italy, France, Spain and Yugoslavia.

This book will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars of economics and business in general, and economic history and tourism studies in particular, interested in a better understanding of the development of tourism destinations and tourism policies in Europe during the 20th century.

This book focuses on tea-ware design exchanges between China and the UK since the middle of 17th Century, and explores how design encouraged trade and how the market demand influenced the development of design. The spirit of Chinese tea came to Britain alone with tea itself, and enriched the design of tea-ware, as well as British tea culture. During this process, tea-related oriental aesthetics evolved into an aesthetic image mechanism and developed as aesthetic concept, which infiltrated from private space to social space.

This book is a testament to the importance of historical institutional analysis for understanding the reform of Africa's institutions. As an entry point, Raymond Atuguba examines the regulations of public order and alcohol by the police in Ghana, outlining an interplay of changing ideological and interest formations on the one hand and changing institutional forms on the other. The study reveals not only new forms of oppressive institutional orderings that descend from colonialism; but also new institutional forms that produce possibilities and countervailing technologies of power, capable of meeting and assailing the ways in which the power of post-modern colonialism mobilizes itself.

In sum, this book explores the themes of institutional continuities, hegemonic practices, and institutional reform. It discusses how the British political, economic and legal infrastructure penetrated and disrupted pre-existing regulation of public order and alcohol that was conducive to a particular political economy and various social practices. It emphasizes the enduring character of the new institutions created around public order and alcohol, and how they crystallized at independence and were perpetuated in the post-independence era.

This book presents a systematic discussion of the history of Chinese printing technology, encompassing the origins and evolution of writing, the invention and refinement of papermaking techniques, and the emergence and progression of various printing techniques. It meticulously examines related processes, including papermaking, woodblock printing, movable type printing, and mono-printing, alongside their respective impacts on printing itself. Furthermore, the book systematically explores the profound influence of Chinese printing technology on neighboring countries and its contribution to global culture since its inception. It serves not only as a history of printing but also as a concise narrative of the history of civilization. By delving into the history of printing, readers are afforded insights into the intricate interplay between printing technology and various societal aspects, including the economy, legal systems, art, culture, and education, as well as its essential role in facilitating social advancement.

This edited volume explores how German companies managed security challenges in Asia from the late 19th to the late 20th century. Through case studies in Japan, China, India, Malaysia, and Southeast Asia, it examines how firms in sectors like pharmaceuticals, electronics, banking, and trade adapted to colonial legacies, decolonization, and Cold War tensions. The book adopts a security- focused framework that goes beyond standard risk analysis, highlighting how businesses responded to political instability, cultural differences, and regulatory shifts. Drawing from rarely used German and Asian archives, contributors uncover the strategies companies used to maintain stability in uncertain environments. Aimed at business historians, scholars of international business, and those studying colonialism, diplomacy, and development, the volume also appeals to students and researchers in Asian, German, international relations, and security studies. By offering a comparative and cross- sectoral approach, it fills key gaps in understanding German- Asian economic ties and offers fresh theoretical insights into business resilience. The rich empirical material makes it a valuable resource for teaching and research on how international firms shaped and adapted to the global changes of the 20th century.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This book, the first in a two-volume work resulting from a 2018 conference organised by the International Railway History Association (IRHA), examines the relationship between the railways and the First World War from a global theoretical, methodological and geographical perspective.

Although World War I (1914-1918) has been studied extensively from virtually every angle, the question of the railways has not been the subject of robust historical interest, despite their crucial role in every respect and at every stage. The war forced the railways to adopt more efficient techniques more quickly than they would have done in peacetime, to the extent where military operations would not have been possible without their massive and multifaceted help. This collection of essays brings together specialists in the field from a broad range of disciplines and backgrounds to demonstrate how this topic is integral to understanding the developments of European and world history throughout the 1910s and 1920s.

Railways in the First World War will be a useful tool for students, scholars and non-specialist readers interested in the history of transport, the history of the First World War and World history.

This book is a historical study of the rice policies of the government in the Kingdom of Thailand between the years from 1932 to 1960 in the context of the rice shortage and global economic crises of the Great Depression and World War II. It examines the production, trading and pricing policies of the government, including the effects of such policies. While initially the moves proved favourable, the book shows how the policy aimed at increasing production by expanding planting areas rather than developing agricultural technology led to a decline in rice production and was one of the causes of the economic problems experienced by the Thai farmers later. Rice Policies of the Kingdom of Thailand, 1932- 1960 will be of interest to the historians, researchers, students and policymakers in the fields of Southeast Asian studies, international history, international political economy and security studies as well as public policy.

This edited volume presents a set of essays honouring the agricultural, environmental and world economic historian, Eric L. Jones. Drawing insights from contributors spanning the social sciences, it highlights how Jones' approach was ahead of its time, illuminating the benefits of studying economic history from a long-run, comparative perspective.

In the spirit of Jones' path-breaking book The European Miracle, this volume is divided into two parts. The first part takes the intellectual contributions of Eric Jones as its focus, closely considering Jones' contributions to the development of a non-Eurocentric perspective of world history, our understanding of long-term social processes and Eliasian sociology, and the study of the urban built environment. The second part of the book changes tack, offering a series of detailed studies on historical and contemporary themes. Each essays in this part explicitly draws its influence and inspiration from Jones' work. These 'applied' chapters, written by leading experts, make important and novel contributions to an array of important questions: the Great Divergence, economic performance in Song China, the rise of Nazi Germany, the evolution of modern China's economic links with Australia, and the likely effect on international politics of China and Russia's current growing alliance.

This book provides a wide-ranging introduction to the works of Eric Jones, one of the most influential economic historians of the twentieth century, and illustrates not only the ongoing relevance of Jones' work, but, crucially, how contemporary researchers can learn from his approach to studying long-run change.

This Open Access book marks the beginning of a new era in the study of Chinese history. Since the beginning of the computer age, quantitative techniques have been increasingly used to study specific topics like family, population, and living standards in China's past. However, sample sizes have usually been small due to either historical archives' availability constraints or limited human processing capacity. With much increased computing power and machine-assisted reading/processing capacity, many big historical databases have become available, offering quantitative historians and social scientists great opportunities to study China's past development experience. This volume showcases a collection of new findings concerning China's political, social, and economic history and typically based on newly constructed large historical datasets. Most of the work has involved an interdisciplinary team of economists, sociologists, political scientists, historians and econometricians, demonstrating how new big data and quantitative methods may be brought to bear on some of the biggest questions related to China's development over the past three millennia and on the implications of distant past events on contemporary China. Topics covered range from the roles of war, state formation, religion, culture, finance and institutions in long-run development and technological innovations, to regicide history, to the organization and capacity of the bureaucracy. Contributors include leading figures in the quantitative study of China's long-run socioeconomic and political history. This volume will be of value to anyone with an interest in Chinese economic, political, social and/or institutional history as well as anyone interested in quantitative history more generally.

This book examines the role of international trade and finance in the Greek economy since the beginnings of the Greek state two centuries ago to the present day. It focuses on the benefits and challenges of Greece's economic dependence on the larger and higher income countries of Western Europe, and in particular the European Union, have played in its economic development.

The volume begins by examining Greece's links to Europe in the 19^th century and its desultory participation in the Latin Monetary Union. Its main focus is the post- World War II period, starting with Greece's efforts to establish sustainable economic growth, at a time when the country was facing severe foreign exchange constraints and relied on assistance from the US under the Marshall Plan. It then examines relations between Greece and the European Community, particularly on its efforts to integrate into the European Union, the debt crisis and the reforms and recovery in its aftermath.

The book details in accessible and engaging style how the story of Greece's economic integration in Europe has involved both successful development but also failures by Greek, Eurozone and IMF policymakers. With valuable historical insights, this book will be of interest to academics and policymakers in Greece, the EU and emerging economies weighing economic integration. It will also be of interest to economic historians and political economists more broadly.

Learning from one Rust Belt city's postindustrial transition

While Pittsburgh is sometimes held up as a successful example of urban reinvention in the era after heavy industry (think "eds and meds"), its transition away from steel has in fact been uneven and contested. Christopher P. Briem grew up in the city's Bloomfield and South Side neighborhoods watching that process. Now a regional economist at the University of Pittsburgh, he has spent many years working in multiple registers to document economic change-through his academic research, as a public authority consulted nationally when Pittsburgh is in the news, and as a spirited participant in popular debates about what is still called the Steel City.

Beyond Steel collects Briem's encyclopedic knowledge of the city during and after its steelmaking heyday. Briem tells stories about the boundary between resilience and obstinacy, particularly as manifested in the ultimately unsuccessful pursuit of economic development through smokestack chasing. "Long before the 1980s arrived," he writes, "future prospects for Greater Pittsburgh had decoupled from the prospects of the American steel industry, a reality that to this day remains difficult to accept for a region so long identified with the seemingly monolithic industry." At once optimistic and cautious, Beyond Steel should help inform debates about how communities across the Rust Belt navigate issues of dynamism, heritage, and deindustrialization.

The world is standing at a crossroads. On the one hand, economic globalization has brought unprecedented levels of prosperity. It has lifted millions out of poverty; it has massively enhanced education and skills development; and it has increased the potential for the exercise of power from below, for the complexity of global supply chains renders them highly vulnerable to disruption by the protests of small groups of people in far-flung places. On the other hand, neoliberal globalization has brought rising inequality; the emergence, in the developed world, of the so-called left behind; refugee crises; and increasingly problems related to health and the climate, which the institutions of global governance have struggled to deal with, thus undermining their authority and fuelling the growth of populist nationalism.

In order to get a sense of whether economic globalization will in future take a positive or a negative path, it is essential to look at the past. It is only through gaining an understanding of how we have come to be where we are that we will be better placed to see where we are going and, most importantly, to take the action needed to enable us to face the future with optimism rather than with fear.

This volume provides a comprehensive overview in historical perspective of the development and current state of globalization, offering a wealth of information to students, professionals and researchers alike.

This book addresses a little-studied area of the history of tourism, religious tourism, and pilgrimage and introduces a comprehensive economic analysis of their development from elite pursuits to a mass phenomenon. Focusing on Rome, Lourdes, and the Holy Land as destinations, the book showcases religious tourism as a key precursory factor in mass tourism in Italy and Europe. Departing from conventional historiographical timeframes, the authors demonstrate that the surge in tourism during the Italian "economic miracle" did not arise ex novo at that time but was part of a longer process of transformation originating prior to the Second World War. Diverse factors are discussed such as the social and economic role of the Catholic Church, its relationship to tourism, revolutions in transport technologies, rising wages, and increasing leisure time. Key questions are explored regarding religious travel (who, when, how) and how it gained momentum in the first half of the twentieth century. Drawing on a wealth of unpublished sources, many from the Vatican Archives, the book uncovers new religious, social, and cross-cultural perspectives and contexts for studying the economic history of tourism.

This book provides an overview of AI's historical development while understanding the cultural and scientific foundations that make today's AI possible. Through easy-to-understand explanations of complex ideas and a focus on both technological advances and ethical considerations, it provides an understanding of AI's past, present, and future.

History of Artificial Intelligence: From the Mathematics of Ancient Civilizations to Thinking Machines takes readers on a fascinating journey through the history of AI, showing how its origins can be traced back to ancient civilizations and their early advancements in mathematics, logic, and computation. It reveals the unexpected links between ancient calculation methods and the technologies that define modern life. By following AI's development, from the mathematical innovations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Iran to the revolutionary ideas of the European Renaissance and Enlightenment, readers will discover how human ingenuity over the centuries paved the way for the creation of intelligent machines. Each chapter takes readers step by step through major milestones, from the first mechanical calculators to the rise of modern computers and the development of TM. By exploring these key events and the contributions of diverse civilizations, the book offers fresh insights into AI's global history and its complex relationship with human thought. In the final chapters, the book also addresses the ethical and societal challenges AI presents today, giving readers a well-rounded understanding of how AI is shaping our future and what that means for all of us.

This book is written for a broad audience, including both general readers and academic audiences who are interested in the history, development, and ethical implications of AI. It is particularly suited for students, researchers, and professionals in fields such as computer science, AI, mathematics, history of science and technology, and digital ethics.

Ireland's accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973 provided great opportunities, as well as significant challenges to its relatively small civil service. This book traces Ireland's internal adaptation to managing membership.

The long wait for accession to the EEC had instigated administrative and management patterns during negotiations which were difficult for Ireland to untangle and alter afterwards. There was friction between departments on how to approach relations with the EEC in some policy areas after membership. At times, this effectively slowed and even hampered Ireland's adaptation to membership. At the same time, the EEC provided an important new frame of reference for Irish society. Discussions on social progress drew from that wider context and challenged Ireland in new ways. This volume explores this development through an analysis of empirical files from the National Archives of Ireland and the Historical Archives of the European Union, newspapers, and secondary sources.

This book is intended for scholars and students of Irish history, European Studies, political science, diplomatic studies, and administrative history.

Following the discovery of gold in 1862 at Auburn and Canyon City, new communities and prospects were established in eastern Oregon. Just as the lure of free land attracted homesteaders and livestock raisers in search of new opportunities, so did the possibility of finding wealth in gold and silver throughout the region. Based on exhaustive research and a wealth of sources-federal census and mining records, newspapers, mining periodicals, county land records, maps, and federal government reports-Oregon Gold offers a comprehensive study of mining in Oregon between 1862 and 1910. From carefully examining the eastern portion of the state to exploring the economic expansion and political development of Portland, William Willingham highlights what is unique about the Oregon gold mining experience and places Oregon's precious metal mining in the context of mining throughout the American West.

Willingham shows how mining was an important aspect of the state's history, far greater than has been traditionally understood. He provides special attention and analysis to the role Chinese miners played in the story of eastern Oregon mining and to the demographic makeups of two major mining communities, Susanville and Granite, that thrived during the period. The attention to detail and thorough reporting in Oregon Gold will captivate both scholars and general readers interested in western mining and Oregon history during the nineteenth century.