政治学 — 全 下位分類

Comparing Political Regimes provides a current and comprehensive empirical assessment of the world's 195 sovereign states. Alan Siaroff analyses and classifies countries in terms of economic development, political evolution, and state strength, ultimately outlining and contrasting the aspects of four regime types: liberal democracies, electoral democracies, semi-open autocracies, and closed autocracies.

The fourth edition explains institutional differences within democracies and autocracies respectively, including how regimes evolve in key countries and how this change is incremental. An invaluable reference for students to refer to, this book provides a thorough foundational introduction to the comparative politics of countries and contains several unique figures and tables on the world's sovereign states. This new edition modifies the conceptual focus regarding some features of democracy and democratic party systems, expands on variations in autocracies, and adds a new chapter on the historical evolution of democracy, including key thresholds of representative democracy and levels of participation and competition at various historical junctures for all countries.

The Thucydides trap and a US-China face-off are not structurally inevitable; US-China relations are what the US and China make of them. Phua focuses on the ability to see "US as US" and "China as China" to trigger both countries' cultural tendencies towards pragmatism.

Phua examines China's arduous journey to fit in the Westphalian system, the deep cultural misunderstandings by the West of Sunzi's The Art of War, and attempts to offer an inside-out cultural synthesis of classical and modern Chinese thought as a proxy of their operational code, beyond the standard cliches about Confucian and Daoist thought. He builds on Jervis' perception and misperception as well as Alastair Johnston's cultural realism. Readers will benefit from a culturally-Chinese, western-educated and politically neutral understanding of "China as China".

An essential primer for academics, practitioners and students of international relations, diplomacy and Chinese culture.

Communism's Public Sphere explores the political role of cultural spaces in the Eastern Bloc. Under communist regimes that banned free speech, political discussions shifted to spaces of art: theaters, galleries, concert halls, and youth clubs. Kyrill Kunakhovich shows how these venues turned into sites of dialogue and contestation. While officials used them to spread the communist message, artists and audiences often flouted state policy and championed alternative visions. Cultural spaces therefore came to function as a public sphere, or a rare outlet for discussing public affairs.

Focusing on Krakow in Poland and Leipzig in East Germany, Communism's Public Sphere sheds new light on state-society interactions in the Eastern Bloc. In place of the familiar trope of domination and resistance, it highlights unexpected symbioses like state-sponsored rock and roll, socialist consumerism, and sanctioned dissent.

By examining nearly five decades of communist rule, from the Red Army's arrival in Poland in 1944 to German reunification in 1990, Kunakhovich argues that cultural spaces played a pivotal mediating role. They helped reform and stabilize East European communism but also gave cover to the protest movements that ultimately brought it down.

Municipalities in Canada have an array of servicing options available to them when producing or delivering local services, such as water, public transit, and waste collection, including in-house provision or privatization. However, services may also be contracted or jointly-delivered with neighbouring municipalities - a practice some local governments are increasingly gravitating towards.

Delivery by Design sheds light on this practice in Canadian local government by examining three crucial questions: Why do municipalities cooperate? What is being shared or contracted with other governments? And what leads to successful or unsuccessful relationships between municipalities? The book finds that Canadian municipalities are cooperating fairly regularly, but are doing so in a small number of policy areas, mainly emergency and administrative services. Zachary Spicer examines these types of relationships, explaining how they will be crucial in the future as local services are increasingly shared or jointly delivered by municipal governments.

Relying on extensive data and document collection, surveys, and a series of primary interviews with local decision-makers, Delivery by Design explores the nature of interlocal collaboration in Canada, mapping out a relatively understudied process in local governance.

An internationally renowned scholar of law and economics, Michael J. Trebilcock has spent over fifty years teaching and researching at the intersection between ideas, interests, and institutions. In Public Inquiries, Trebilcock reflects on his extensive experiences and sheds light on the role of scholars in engaging with the Canadian public policy-making process.

Drawing on a number of case studies, Public Inquiries gives an informed overview of the role of ideas and interests in shaping the policy-making process. Trebilcock takes readers through his personal experiences and what he has learned throughout his career. He puts forward general lessons about the public policy-making process and reform in areas including consumer protection, competition policy, trade policy, electricity reform, and legal aid.

By showing that not all experiences have been triumphant, and that disappointments can be as revealing as successes, Trebilcock draws out personal lessons and insights with a view to improving the structure and effectiveness of public inquiries.

In this third edition of Border Games, Peter Andreas charts the rise and transformation in policing the flow of drugs and migrants across the US-Mexico border. Recent border crackdowns and wall-building campaigns, he argues, are not unprecedented. Rather, they are the outcome of an escalatory dynamic already in motion-but now played out on a far bigger stage, with higher stakes, and in new security and political contexts.

Focusing on the power of symbolic politics and policy feedback effects, Andreas traces the logic behind such buildup. Border policing is an attractive political mechanism for handling the often unintended consequences of past policy choices, signaling a commitment to territorial integrity and projecting an image of territorial authority. Yet its negative aftermath is not only frequently glossed over; it also fuels further escalation. With new chapters on the border policies of the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations, Border Games continues to help readers grasp how the busiest border in the world is also one of the most fortified, and why it plays such a complicated and contentious role in both domestic politics and US-Mexico relations.

In Violent America, Ariane Chebel d'Appollonia counterintuitively analyzes why and how various ethnoracial groups proactively and instrumentally use different forms of violence to achieve their goals. Combining a historical analysis spanning the centuries with an examination of contemporary problems, she considers how and why ethnoracial groups can be both perpetrators and victims of violence, why some minority groups react differently to violence in comparable situations, and what the consequences are today for politics in both America and Europe.

Violent America thus explores the effects of physical and discursive violence on the ways in which ethnoracial groups define themselves. Chebel d'Appollonia argues that the use of ethnoracial violence has been and remains an effective identity strategy by which all ethnoracial groups are able to integrate themselves into the mainstream of American society. She provides an alternative way of understanding the complex relationship between migrant phobia, multiethnic grievances, and intergroup conflicts in America.

Presenting securitization as a communication issue, this book combines media framing with the theory of securitization to explain how the discourse of security informs media content and what happens to policy and public understanding when it does.

Because securitization studies the construction of threats to societal structures as well as political-institutional structures, this book addresses security framing as a question of identity and the ability of political-cultural elites and media actors to manipulate it. After setting out how its theories work together, the book turns to news and its effects: How do media accounts make empirical sense of the world when they are bound by the need to make social-cultural sense first? How does "security" look in competing news accounts, and how do securitizing frames affect attitudes toward policies and political elites? Last, the book asks how academics and professionals can address the challenges to a democratic public's role in decision-making created by the manipulation of security.

Bringing together distinct fields within communication studies to reflect on the pressing issue of securitization, this book will be a key resource for scholars and students working in the fields of mass communication, policy studies, critical linguistics and international relations, as well as risk and crisis communication.

Using empirical data, this book uniquely presents the dynamics of innovation within public sector organisations and identifies the most crucial factors that promote innovation or the determinants that enhance innovation activities. It presents a macro and micro analysis of workplace innovation in the Australian public sector written by a combination of practitioners and academics to provide both theoretical and practical insights.

The book reviews the relationship between culture and workplace innovation as a multi-dimensional, subjective and context-specific phenomenon operating dynamically as organisational innovation, organisational climate for innovation, team and individual innovation. It identifies a variance in the perception of workplace innovation and organisational culture between public sector employees with different demographic and employment characteristics. The demographic and employment characteristics confirm that employees in a Public Sector Department of State exhibit significant differences between various groups in how culture impacts on workplace innovation. This knowledge assists practitioners in developing positive cultural environments that support the development of workplace innovation and raise awareness in considering the differences within organisations caused by an individual's characteristics. Lastly, the book reviews public organisations around the world and provides a cross cultural comparison of public sector innovation and leadership. This includes a review of the major forms of public sector systems in operation and how this relates to innovation and leadership.

Innovation and Leadership in the Public Sector is written for academics and students interested in the public sector innovation field. It's suitable for both graduate and undergraduate students and researchers in the fields of public administration, management policy, organisational behaviour, human resources management (HRM) and human resources development (HRD) courses. Additionally, this book is suitable for middle-to-senior-level administrators or managers who wish to develop more innovative public sector organisations.

In order to effectively and consistently provide services to citizens, local governments have had to come up with creative ways for offering services demanded by their citizens. One popular approach became the creation of volunteer programs as local governments became increasingly reliant on volunteers. Volunteers are one means by which local governments help to increase meaningful engagement with citizens and help meet the increasing needs for public services with limited resources. On a broader scale, volunteers in public agencies provide a variety of services to fill gaps in creating and sustaining collective societal goods that otherwise might have been limited due to fiscal stress on local governments or eliminated.

Public Sector Volunteer Management: Best Practices and Challenges adds to the understanding of how management practices may affect retention of volunteers. It provides an opportunity to add much-needed data to any discussion concerning volunteering at the local government level from the perspective of volunteer coordinators and aims to provide in-depth research on local government volunteer management practices.

This book focuses on best practices identified as necessary for successful volunteer management in the public sector, specifically in a local government setting, making it a valuable text for researchers, academics, and students in the fields of public and nonprofit management, leadership, and human resource management.

Moving past the conflation of state socialism with all socialist projects, this book opens up avenues for addressing socialist projects rooted in decolonial and antiracist politics. To that end, this anthology brings together scholarship across regions that engages postsocialism as an analytic that connects the 'afters' of the capitalist- socialist dynamic to present day politics. Resisting the revolutionary teleology of what was before, "postsocialism" can function to create space to work through ongoing legacies of socialisms in the present.

Looking at the Middle East, Scandanavia, Korea, Romania, China, and the US, the chapters in this book assess ongoing socialist legacies in new ethical collectivities and networks of dissent opposing state- and corporate- based military, economic, and cultural expansionism since the end of the Cold War.

The majority of the chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal, Social Identities.

Radical Left Voters in Western Europe explores who votes for Radical Left Parties in contemporary Western Europe, and why.

Once considered a relic of the past which was doomed to disappear in affluent societies, Radical Left Parties were able to survive unprecedented electoral crises in the 1980s and 1990s to become a stable and significant feature of contemporary West European politics. Despite this, our knowledge of the electorate of contemporary Radical Left parties is extremely limited. To fill this gap, this book analyzes the radical left electorate in 17 West European countries (Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland) for a period of 18 years (2000-18). The research combines data from multiple sources (surveys, country-level data, and party-level data) to show how, amidst social and political change, Radical Left Parties have been able to maintain a relatively sizeable and clearly identifiable electorate with fairly similar socio-demographic and attitudinal features. Moreover, the book argues that in order to explain electoral support for Radical Left Parties it is important to consider not only voter characteristics but also the characteristics of the parties themselves and of the political and economic context in which they compete for votes.

This book will be of interest to scholars of comparative politics, political sociology, electoral behaviour, and political parties.

Geopolitical Landscapes of Donald Trump examines the role that local actors in Mexico, Central America and the United States have played in shaping the Mexico-Guatemala transborder region.

From governments to business and organized crime, scholars from both Mexico and the United States introduce a sophisticated approach beyond diplomatic communiques to tell the story of how Mexico became the wall that Donald Trump promised to build. This is a story of how governments defended their sovereignty in their discourse, only to pave the way for punitive policies that hurt their fellow citizens. The inequalities brought by the extractive economy, the homicides and displacement wrought by the systemic violence, the exodus pushed by environmental degradation and the political crisis generated by economic, political, and military elites need to be addressed to make the transborder region livable for its own population.

Geopolitical Landscapes of Donald Trump will be of interest to scholars and students of international relations and Latin American Studies. It will also be of interest to policymakers, practitioners, and general readers who are following US-Mexico and US-Central America relations.

Independent voters-the 40-50 percent of Americans who reject identification with either of the two major parties or with any party-are increasing in number and impact. Independents are determining the outcome of major elections, upending the long-held categories of political science. Drawing on historical and contemporary data (including survey data, participant observation, interviews, and current writings and scholarship) and providing timely new analysis, the authors argue that independents are an engine for a transformation of US democracy, perhaps even its saviors. Rather than "leaning" to a party or an ideology, independents vary on issues but share a deep distrust of the partisan system. What are the consequences of this distrust? What about shifting trends among Black, Latino, and Asian communities regarding party loyalty? What of young voters who eschew party identification wanting a different kind of political culture? For a wide variety of audiences, this book gives students, scholars, campaign professionals, activists, and media analysts an insight into current voting dynamics and future possibilities.