アジア・中東・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカ・オセアニア — 全 下位分類

The Actual Lenin is a fresh and accessible reinterpretation of Lenin by placing his ideas alongside the political realities of the Global South. Ranabir Samaddar, a leading intellectual of the Global South, demonstrates how Lenin broke with conventional ways of thinking about social transformation, and why that break still helps us understand today's struggles with inequality, conflict, and collective power. Instead of treating Lenin as a fixed ideological figure, Samaddar presents him as a thinker responding to real moments of upheaval, constantly adjusting theory and practice to the demands of his time.

Drawing on clear readings of What Is to Be Done?, The State and Revolution, and key episodes in Southern political history, the book explores how Lenin understood crisis, organisation, and political timing. It demonstrates how his method (thinking and acting within conjuncture) offers practical tools for analysing contemporary conflicts across the South. By connecting long-standing debates in Marxism with current Global South scholarship, Samaddar provides an innovative alternative to traditional Lenin studies and expands a field still dominated by Eurocentric perspectives. He also traces Lenin's global legacy, showing why his analyses of imperialism and uneven development remain vital for understanding sovereignty, democracy, and development today.

Written for students and researchers across political theory, international relations, sociology, and postcolonial studies, The Actual Lenin offers an accessible, authoritative guide for anyone seeking to understand crisis, imperialism, and the possibilities of radical politics in the twenty-first century.

Language Matters in Namibia investigates the diversity of Namibia's ethnolinguistic communities and cultures, considering how languages intersect with questions of nationhood, memory, identity, and decoloniality.

Namibia is a country characterised by multilingualism, with 13 officially recognised languages (ten indigenous and three European-based). Within this diverse linguistic landscape, only 3.4% of Namibians speak English at home, despite it being the country's officially recognised language. Historically, colonial languages have been used in social, educational, professional and occupational contexts, meaning that language is deeply tied up with unresolved aspects of identity, linguistic ideologies, hegemony, language practices, and culture. Emerging at a crucial moment in Namibia's decolonial agenda, this book considers how language usage, patterns, structures and functions are now shifting and evolving.

Bringing together important contributions from Namibian scholars, this book will be an important read for researchers of African languages, education, and sociolinguistics.

What events and circumstances fuelled America's fixation with the Middle East? In this book, Professor Salim Yaqub covers over 100 years of US involvement in and policy towards the Middle East to explain this vital geopolitical relationship.

Starting with the upheavals of World War I and the first stirrings of US geopolitical interest in the region, the book describes how and why the Middle East's resources, location, conflicts and crises became key concerns for the United States. This includes:

? The growing centrality of Middle Eastern oil to the global economy and to US military strategy
? The region's geographic location and efforts to combat strategic adversaries like the Axis powers during WWII and the Soviet Union during the Cold War
? Israel's cultural and political significance to American society and government
? Anti-Western "rogue" states or terrorist groups using the region as a staging area for attacks and the US response

Taking a chronological approach, the book explains how global upheavals and traumatic ruptures in the region shaped the trajectory of US-Middle East relations over successive eras. Yaqub covers the impact of WWI, WWII and decolonization as well significant events such as the 1956 Suez Crisis, the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s, Al-Qa'ida's terrorist attacks of 2001, and the Hamas raid of October 7, 2023. Readers will understand what motivated Washington's foreign policy and how it impacted the Middle East.

Pitched to university students and educated general readers, each chapter includes a timeline of relevant historical events, photographs, political cartoons, maps, and other graphics.

This book investigates the long-term impact of digital communication networks on civil society organizations, with a particular focus on Taksim Solidarity (TS), the broad-based coalition that emerged during the 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey.

Moving beyond the commonly studied short-term mobilization effects of social media, this study centres on what happens after the protests fade-a critical yet under-researched phase in the lifecycle of social movements. Drawing on a decade of empirical material, the author examines how digital platforms have influenced the cohesion, communication practices, and endurance of TS as a civic collective under growing authoritarian constraints. Key themes include digital fragmentation, online-offline disjuncture, the erosion of deliberative culture, and the challenges of maintaining activist infrastructures in the absence of continued mass mobilization. Through a mixed-methods approach - including social network analysis, discourse analysis, an original civil society survey, and in-depth interviews - the study provides a comprehensive account of TS's transformation over the past ten years and leads to an understanding of whether and how digital networks help sustain collective action over time, particularly in hostile political environments.

Digital Networks and the Transformation of Civil Society is aimed at academics, researchers, and graduate-level students in the fields of political communication, digital activism, social movement studies, and Middle Eastern politics.

Colonial Intellectual Property: The Case of the Congo examines the implementation of the Belgian system of intellectual property in the Congo. For the colonized people, some realms of colonial intellectual property such as patents remained closed for a long time, and other domains opened possibilities for participation, such as copyrights. Based on research in unpublished archives in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and in Belgium, this book is the first to trace the history of intellectual property in the Congo, following a chronological and thematic structure.

The first chapter focuses on the implementation of the patent system in colonial Congo and examines the activity of international entrepreneurs who considered patent-taking as an investment in a coercive colonial regime. Chapter two turns to trademarks, and examines both the sociology of entrepreneurs, and the use of stereotypes in brand images. Chapter three further examines the issue of geographical indications of origins, as well as design registration and the place of the commons. Copyrights are the main theme of chapter four. During the postwar era, a group of Congolese musicians exercised their rights in the management of their intellectual property dues. They worked in partnership with the Kinshasa branch of a Belgian collective management society, until they founded in 1959 the SACO, Societe des Auteurs congolais. Chapter 5 then turns to the decolonization, during which the Democratic Republic of the Congo became an independent voice in the international associations for intellectual property.

This book will appeal to all those interested in the history of colonialism in Africa.

The African continent will be hit hardest by climate change, despite its people contributing the least to global warming. Indeed, African rural populations have a long tradition of adapting their needs to the soil, vegetation and climate. This tradition is understudied yet is significant for adapting to climate change. This book provides insight into how these communities have lived and used their land in relation to climate and vegetation.

This 36th volume of Palaeoecology of Africa presents an interdisciplinary perspective on the historical relationship between humans and their environment, as well as the evolution of the climate in sub-Saharan and tropical Africa. It also explores the challenges posed by climate change and its consequences. It covers a wide geographical area extending from west to east across the center of the African continent. Furthermore, this book covers a broad timeframe, from Pleistocene and Holocene epochs, through the Iron Age, to the last five millennia, up to the present day. Using data and archaeological findings, this book sheds light on Africa's environmental history and climate dynamics. Natural resource exploitation, changes and degradation in vegetation, climate change and the relationship between humans and their environment are introduced and discussed by numerous case studies with the aim to stimulate the international climate debate and future sustainable management practices. Junior and established scientists from Germany, Switzerland, South Africa and Madagascar have strengthened their cooperation and networking in sub-Saharan Africa, a region rich in natural resources and home to a diversity of people, vegetation and animal species.

This Open Access book establishes a strong foundation for future research into the climate and vegetation of sub-Saharan Africa, as well as the relationship between humans and natural resources. It enables us to understand the dynamics of climate change and how humans adapt to their natural environment. It will be of interest to anyone concerned with climate evolution, vegetation dynamics and the transformation of the natural environment by humans, particularly in the sub-Saharan and tropical regions.

This interdisciplinary edited collection delves deep into the philosophical, cultural, and political dimensions of Fela Kuti's work, examining his impact as not just a musical icon, but as a philosopher and champion of African indigenous knowledge systems.

Through 18 chapters organized in three sections - Felasophy, Indigenous Knowledges and Culture, and Local and Global Politics, the authors discuss: Fela's decolonial philosophy ("Felasophy") as a framework for understanding resistance in postcolonial Africa; the intersection of music, spirituality, and indigenous knowledge in African cultural expression; African epistemologies in debates on development, gender, and environmental ethics.

Fela Kuti and African Indigenous Knowledges, Politics, and Culture will be of interest to scholars, students, and enthusiasts interested in History, African studies, Political Ecology, Indigenous Knowledge studies.

This book brings together research and critical perspectives from scholars across Sub-Saharan Africa and its diaspora to advance African-centred approaches to communication for development and social change. It challenges Western-dominated frameworks by foregrounding indigenous knowledge systems and positioning communication as a space for decolonial transformation, social justice, and inclusive development.

The volume develops theoretical and methodological insights that centre African epistemologies within global debates, interrogating entrenched power structures while promoting cultural diversity and social cohesion. Through interdisciplinary approaches, it draws on decolonial and postcolonial frameworks to examine how African knowledge informs communication practices across education, health, digital media, intercultural engagement, and community contexts. The volume explores pedagogical practices, health communication strategies, and media dynamics through a decolonial lens. The book offers practical and conceptual tools for fostering resistance, collective action, and socially grounded transformation, while encouraging critical reflection on dominant knowledge systems.

This book is intended for scholars, researchers, students, and practitioners in communication, development studies, higher education, and the social sciences who are interested in decoloniality, African knowledge systems, and socially just approaches to communication.

Contemporary Arab Women Revolutionaries: Radical Traditions offers a groundbreaking interdisciplinary examination of Arab women's radical modes of resistance from the 1970s to the present. Spanning literary, visual, political, social, digital, and translational practices, the volume reveals how women across the Arab world and its diasporas have established and transformed cultural, artistic, and spiritual traditions into powerful tools for confronting patriarchal, colonial, and capitalist structures.

Bringing together leading scholars in literature, film, visual culture, oral history, digital activism, and translation, the collection traces feminist interventions across key themes, including liberation and human rights, the disruption of social and gender norms, counter-memory as resistance, feminist resistance in conflict zones, and digital and translational activism. From Syrian Sufi-inflected poetics and Lebanese women combatants to Palestinian filmmakers, Sahrawi activists, and emerging dissident voices across Saudi Arabia, the Maghreb, Jordan, Egypt, and Iraq, the chapters illuminate the creative, strategic, and often paradoxical ways women contest and reconfigure power.

Rich in case studies, multimodal analysis, and decolonial feminist theory, this landmark volume offers an indispensable framework for understanding the depth, complexity, and transnational reach of contemporary Arab feminist praxis.

This book explores gender justice, power relations, and social transformation in India by providing an ethnographic, socio-legal view of Nari Adalats (women's courts) and the family disputes that take place before them, in rural northern Karnataka, South India.

The book offers an ethnography of the everyday workings of Nari Adalats based on qualitative interviews, document analysis, and participant observation in a variety of settings where family law and gender justice are negotiated. The book argues that it is essential to examine societal legal forums and the social dynamics within the family (and its social environment) to better understand how changes in gender and power relations can occur. Chapters analyse five cases of Hindu, Muslim and tribal women pursuing claims, and seven further cases of lower caste Hindu women who became judges of the Nari Adalat (one of them a jury member); taken together, they provide rich insights into how successful legal outcomes are achieved, and the structural conditions inherent in the space. Ultimately, the book highlights how Nari Adalats are fundamentally women-centred spaces that challenge gender hierarchies, feminize the public sphere, and reconceptualise gender and ethnic relations in rural India.

Providing an exploration of caste, class, and religion in the wider context of gender justice, the volume will appeal to scholars and postgraduates in the fields of socio-legal studies, in particular gender and justice issues, gender studies, South Asian studies, and legal anthropology.

Khartoum, 1884-1885: The Failed Mission of Charles Gordon and the Nile Relief Expedition examines the final phase of Charles Gordon's career in the Sudan during the Mahdi's revolution. Drawing on a wealth of primary sources, including eyewitness accounts and unpublished archival material, the book provides a rigorous analysis of Gordon's role in implementing British policy to evacuate Egyptian forces and his efforts to defend Khartoum during a protracted ten-month siege. It situates these events within the broader political, military, and social contexts of the late 19th-century Nile Valley.

This book delves into the critical role of intelligence, communication, and public opinion in shaping the events of the time. It offers a vivid portrayal of Gordon's leadership under immense pressure, the political clashes and misunderstandings that undermined his mission, and the dramatic consequences of delayed British intervention. Readers will gain a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics of 19th-century imperial politics and the personal sacrifices of a man who became a national hero and martyr.

Ideal for students, historians, and general readers with an interest in the late 19th-century history of the Nile Valley, this book provides a compelling narrative of courage, leadership, and the human cost of political misjudgement. It is an essential read for anyone seeking to understand the legacy of Charles Gordon and the enduring impact of his final mission.

Employing a wealth of British newspaper articles this book explores the ways in which British attitudes to Rhodesia/Zimbabwe developed from the post-war period through to the early years of independence by reconstructing how the print media portrayed the colony. Using articles from a range of different sources it traces the narratives that were presented to the public from the creation of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland to the early years of Robert Mugabe's regime.

Exploring the cultural, political, moral and ideological relationship between metropole, white settler colonialism and African nationalism at the end of Britain's empire in Africa, it maps out the public debates, representations and perceptions of decolonization and Britain's role in it. It lays open ideological fracture lines that existed in the political mind-set in Britain, explores how attitudes towards Empire were shaped through the media, and the extent to which the various crises of southern Africa permeated the British consciousness during this period.

The Caribbean World provides a comprehensive introduction to the region. Drawing principally on anthropology and the humanistic social sciences, this volume aims to highlight the diversity of the region--its peoples, institutions, and histories-while gesturing to the common heritage and unsung unity of a region birthed out of violence and dispossession. The contributors to this volume provide intimate case studies of a range of topics, including:

• The Greater Antilles
• The Caribbean Coast
• The Interior
• The smallest islands of the archipelago
• Indigeneity, Genocide
• Plantation Slavery, Indenture Colonial Violence, and Anti-colonial Revolt Sovereignty
• Citizenship, Law, and Politics
• Religion and Ritual
• Gender and Kinship
• The Environment.

By convening an internationally renowned cohort of authors from the Caribbean, Latin America, North America, and Europe, this volume is intended to remain a touchstone for future generations of scholars and a mainstay on undergraduate and graduate curricula as an introduction to the field.

Urban Dynamics in Africa explores how African cities are being transformed and how that change can be understood through diverse methods and perspectives. Bringing together contributions from across the continent, this book examines urban transformation as a complex process that is at once spatial, social, environmental, and political.

Understanding African urban change requires not only technical tools and data but also attention to local knowledge, governance, and everyday lived experience. The chapters address key issues including urban sprawl, mobility in informal settlements, thermal comfort and climate vulnerability, and community-led placemaking, drawing on a wide range of methods such as geospatial analysis, participatory mapping, environmental monitoring, and qualitative research. Featuring case studies from Ghana, Namibia, Mozambique, and South Africa, this volume highlights both the diversity of African urban realities and the shared challenges of building more inclusive, resilient, and sustainable cities.

Accessible yet grounded in current research, this book will be of interest to scholars, students, practitioners, and policymakers concerned with urban change in Africa and with the wider question of how cities can be shaped more equitably in a rapidly urbanising world. The chapters were originally published in African Geographical Review.

The book examines how imprisoned Arab authors challenge regimes that seek to reduce them to "docile bodies" or worse-subject them to haywana, the process of animalization that strips prisoners of their humanity. Through clandestine writing, fragmented memory, and testimonial prose, these writers reclaim agency, redefine political subjectivity, and subvert hegemonic narratives.

Prison Narratives in the Arab World looks at the prison as more than a site of incarceration but a battlefield of meaning, memory, and identity. This study explores the political, cultural, and literary force of Arab prison writing, arguing that prose written from or about prison under authoritarian regimes constitutes a powerful form of resistance against state-sponsored silencing and dehumanization.

Critically analysing Sueleyman Demirel's political career and pragmatic approach, this volume highlights his ability to adapt to Turkey's rapidly changing political landscape.

Combining biographical narrative with rigorous political analysis, the book offers readers an alternative perspective on modern Turkish history, showcasing the complexities, contradictions, and continuities of Turkish democratic processes. Despite his historical significance, Demirel remains relatively understudied, particularly in English-language scholarship. This biography fills that gap by extensively analysing Demirel's political life, focusing on his pragmatic approach as a key explanatory factor for his prolonged political relevance and effectiveness amid Turkey's recurring political upheavals.

Sueleyman Demirel: A Political Biography will be of interest to scholars, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in political science, Turkish studies, modern history, and Middle Eastern studies.

While scholarship on the Armenian Genocide has expanded significantly in recent years, the history of the concentration camps in present-day Syria, where Ottoman authorities deported Armenians during the death marches, remains largely understudied.


This is the first book to offer an in-depth and multifaceted examination of these camps. The chapters trace the origins and development of the camp system and document the atrocities committed at infamous sites such as Deir ez-Zor, Ras al-Ain, Meskene and others. Contributors explore the brutal realities of daily life in the camps, the interactions between deportees and local populations, as well as the ways in which some Armenians managed to resist and survive against overwhelming odds. Combining a comparative perspective that situates the camps within a global context with detailed analyses of specific locations, this volume provides critical new insights into the operation and function of concentration camps during the Armenian Genocide.

This book addresses the evolution of the construction industry in Malaysia from its independence in 1957 until the present day. It is a fascinating look at Malaysia's story of achievements and setbacks told for the first time from an infrastructure development and construction perspective.

Chapters cover topics such as the government's economic development policies, the transition from foreign to local contractors, employment of migrant construction workers, the adoption of privatisation policies and the reliance on private financing for public infrastructure. Many features of modern construction principles such as privatisations, public-private financing, industrialised building systems, alliancing or partnership approach were rapidly adopted and are discussed in the book. Contemporary issues such as climate change, environmental sustainability, occupational health and safety, quality and technology are also discussed. The second part of the book provides six case studies of pertinent projects over the last sixty years to illustrate the transformation of the Malaysian construction industry and the challenges faced along the way. These include:

* North-South Expressway (1981)

* Penang Bridge (1982)

* Petronas Twin Towers (1993)

* East-Coast Rail Link (2016)

* Merdeka 118 Tower (2024)

This latest addition to the Routledge Research Collections for Construction in Developing Countries series is essential reading for students and scholars of the international construction sector, economic development, infrastructure, and the history of Asian economies.

Oman: The Sultanate on the Edge offers a timely and insightful analysis of Oman's evolving role as a mediator and its precarious position within a volatile regional landscape.

Tracing Oman's trajectory from the rise of Sultan Qaboos in 1970 to the reform agenda of Sultan Haitham, the book examines the political, economic, and strategic factors that have shaped the Sultanate's distinctive foreign policy. It explores how Oman's geography - particularly its control over the Musandam Peninsula and proximity to the Strait of Hormuz - has elevated its regional significance, while also exposing it to external pressures. By analysing Oman's involvement in regional diplomacy, including efforts to de-escalate tensions in the Gulf, the study highlights the legacy of cautious statecraft that underpins its mediating role. At the same time, it considers domestic challenges, including economic diversification, limits on political dissent, and the resilience of authoritarian governance, assessing the long-term prospects for the Al Said regime.

This book will appeal to students and scholars of Middle East politics and international relations, as well as policymakers and general readers interested in Oman's unique position in regional and global affairs.

Epistemic Freedom in Africa is about the struggle for African people to think, theorize, interpret the world, and write from where they are located, unencumbered by Eurocentrism. The imperial denial of common humanity to some human beings meant that in turn their knowledges and experiences lost their value, their epistemic virtue. Now, in the twenty-first century, descendants of enslaved, displaced, colonized, and racialized peoples have entered universities and academies across the world, proclaiming loudly that they are human beings, their lives matter, and they were born into valid and legitimate knowledge systems that are capable of helping humanity to transcend the current epistemic and systemic crises. Together, they are engaging in diverse struggles for cognitive justice, fighting against the epistemic line which haunts the twenty-first century.

Now in a new edition that brings the book's core insights right up to date, renowned historian and decolonial theorist Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni reflects on recent advances in decoloniality research. Two important new chapters have been added which explore decolonial methodology as a bridge between epistemology and method, and the engendering knowledge, arguing that the decolonization of knowledge is inseparable from the depatriarchization of knowledge. Throughout the book, Ndlovu-Gatsheni offers a penetrating and well-argued case for centring Africa as a legitimate historical unit of analysis and epistemic site from which to interpret the world, whilst simultaneously making an equally strong argument for globalizing knowledge from Africa so as to attain ecologies of knowledges. This is a triple helix process of deprovincializing Africa, provincializing Europe, and decolonizing knowledge. The book highlights how the mental universe of Africa was invaded and colonized, the long-standing struggles for 'an African university', and the trajectories of decolonial movements such as Rhodes Must Fall and Fees Must Fall in South Africa. This landmark work underscores the fact that only once the problem of epistemic freedom has been addressed can Africa achieve political, cultural, economic, and other freedoms.

The new edition of this influential book will be an important read for students and scholars across Education, History, Philosophy, Ethics, African Studies, Development Studies, Politics, International Relations, Sociology, Postcolonial Studies, and Decolonial Studies.

Examines various case studies to provide a multifaceted understanding of Taiwan's literary and cultural leftism, emphasizing its transnational, diverse, and highly malleable nature.

An Unlikely Trajectory addresses a significant gap by foregrounding the often repressed or understudied literary and cultural leftist practices in Taiwan. Its twelve chapters explore how Taiwanese authors, directors, and intellectuals strategically navigated the complexities of colonial Japanese rule and authoritarian nationalist governance to articulate visions of a more just and oppression-free future for Taiwan. Taiwan's leftist practices matter because they offer essential insights into the island's social fabric and the intricate processes of identity formation as well as the broader international and geopolitical dynamics shaped by ongoing ideological conflicts. Through detailed case studies, this volume demonstrates how these leftist practices were influenced by diverse multicultural sources and have maintained their relevance and adaptability amid shifting sociopolitical landscapes. Furthermore, it explores how leftist ideologies intersect with other critical issues, including gender, class, and ethnicity.