移民史・移民問題、少数民族、人種問題 — 全 下位分類

This book project presents a set of perspectives surveying critical theories of racial identity and racism, in light of the history of colonial and neocolonial Christendom in Latin America and the United States. It frames the fundamental ideological power of racism in Western modernity (since 1492), including the role of racial identification in the globalization of capitalism. The volume also considers several approaches for understanding the construction of race: narrative and biographical approaches, critical theories of race and racial discourse, and presents several sketches of historical moments in Spain, Latin America, and the U.S ultimately illustrating how racialized religious conflicts shaped the modern, globalized social order. It is a perfect read for scholars of Latinx Theology, Latin American Religious History and Critical Race Studies.

This book traces the forgotten history of a Japanese farm settlement in the Sacramento River delta. Before the wartime removal and incarceration, most West Coast Japanese Americans, including immigrant Issei and US-born Nisei generations, resided in rural agricultural areas. Existing histories of Japanese America have often overlooked this farming aspect of their experience, focusing instead on urban narratives. Centered on the town of Walnut Grove, the "downriver" (kawashimo) settlement was home to Issei farmers, merchants, and laborers who lived alongside their Nisei children in a society characterized by strict racial segregation and landlessness. In the delta basin, a small group of white landowning settlers and corporate interests held power and wealth, shaping social relations and economic opportunities for mostly Asian immigrant settlers and fieldhands.

Combining theories of settler colonialism, racial capitalism, and immigrant transnationalism with the techniques of microhistory, Eiichiro Azuma reveals the intricate dynamics of paternalistic interdependency between white landlords and Japanese tenants, as well as the complex interethnic relations among marginalized immigrant groups in the local segregated society and agricultural economy. Through his careful analysis of heretofore overlooked immigrant vernacular sources and oral histories, Azuma sheds important light on a lesser-known aspect of rural Asian American history through the lens of multiracial entanglements on the ground.

New Mexico's long-standing Mexican American population, known as "Nuevomexicanos," often see themselves as distinctive from other Mexican-origin people across the Southwestern United States. In this book, Casandra Salgado theorizes this distinction as "Mexican American exceptionalism," and interrogates how present-day Nuevomexicanos residing in Albuquerque make sense of race and racism within this context.

Nuevomexicanos' view their long history and numerical dominance in New Mexico buffers them from racism. Yet Salgado finds they still confront anti-Mexican racism and are seen as foreign. While Nuevomexicanos' racial frames are rooted in their colonial history to elevate their racial status, Salgado argues this strategy no longer serves contemporary Nuevomexicanos as such frames are imbued with colorblind racism - ignoring white supremacy and perpetuating intra-group discrimination.

As multi-generational Latinos are predicted to become a larger proportion of the Latino population in the United States, Salgado's findings are suggestive of larger trends in the country's evolving ethnoracial landscape - trends toward region-specific identities that buck against common binaries.

This book examines how the media construct and develops the image of the ethnic Other, considering the Roma in Bulgaria, and the Gypsies, Roma and Travellers (GRT) in the UK. In comparing the discourses of the national media in these two different countries, it focuses on concepts such as ethnic identity, othering, and anti-Gypsyism, which are used as the basis for all the devices used in the media discourses of Bulgaria and the UK.

The book draws from analysis done on a comparative basis, outlining the similarities as well as the differences in the perceptions of the two media discourses on these communities. Furthermore, the book provides a diachronic perspective in comparing the media presentations on RGT communities from during the Covid-19 period to those featured at the beginning of the century (2001-2005). It is relevant to scholars and students in media and discourse studies, ethnic studies, sociology, and European cultural studies.

A critical read for exploring the discursive links to the origins of fascist and antifascist rhetoric in the United States

Becoming Loyal Americans is a study of the Italian American movement during the Second World War to reclassify not only the status of alien enemy but also the perception of the ethnic community as singularly loyal to the United States. The book argues that the anti-fascist actors at the helm of this movement, although seeking liberative ends to lift discriminatory wartime legislation and defeat Benito Mussolini, reproduced fascist political myths to realize movement success. These political myths, in turn, were appropriated by the Roosevelt administration to secure the ethnic bloc's continued wartime support. Cucchiara considers the implications of this discourse's legacy for the ethnic community and the American body politic, as these political myths, no matter how reworked to fit an emancipatory framework, were carriers of narrative elements steeped in a history of domination and violence. The resultant opened the possibility for these political myths to be mined by future actors, regardless of ethnic background, to realize illiberal ends.

Becoming Loyal Americans is the first book on the reclassification movement. It provides a fresh perspective and original insight into debates within Italian American studies, regarding wartime identity, the continued utility and appeal of a fascist imaginary, and the strength of ancestral ties to Italy. This book also presents a timely account of the implications of divisive political discourse and policies for people with roots in nations that the American government deems the 'enemy'. It engages with questions that are as relevant then, as they are now, regarding the construction of ethnic and civic identity for alienated groups, the forging of dual commitments within discriminatory legislative and discursive constraints, and the channels by which immigrant and ethnic communities navigate affiliations, affections, forms of patriotism, and a sense of civic duty to the United States and their respective countries of origins.

Prince Rivers is one of the most consequential Americans about whom Americans know nothing. Born enslaved near Beaufort, South Carolina, Rivers's flight to freedom on horseback in November 1861 became legendary during his lifetime. One of the first Black men in Union uniform and one of the longest-serving men in the Union army, Rivers was integral to the formation of the United States Colored Troops. He astounded his own officers with his speed, strength, stamina, and impeccable manners. "If there should ever be a black monarchy in South Carolina," noted his colonel, "[Rivers] will be its king." True to this prediction, Rivers went on to serve as a South Carolina state legislator and as one of the first Black mayors in the United States. From his seat in Hamburg, South Carolina, Rivers became known as "The Black Prince" and "The Power of Aiken County" as he presided over one of the most successful experiments in interracial democracy this country has ever known. In this first full-length biography, Rivers takes his rightful place with Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, and Harriet Tubman as one of the most remarkable Black freedom fighters of his age.

A transatlantic, more-than-human exploration of LatinX presence, memory, and empire in the heart of Madrid

How does LatinXness begin in the Kingdom of Spain? In The X Catalogue, Claudia Milian offers a vade mecum of Madrid, exploring it as an ecological archive and former imperial metropolis. Approaching the "X" as metaphor, method, and philosophical practice, she extends inquiry beyond the human. Milian traces the "X" through transplanted life from the Americas: the roots of the ahuehuete tree (the Montezuma cypress), the engineering and renaming of the acocoxochitl (the dahlia), the "invasion" of the cotorras argentinas (Monk parakeets), and the exhibition of the caiman (the alligator) as a conquered object.

Critical theory and historical cultural studies meet to remap the Atlantic world through the "Xs" of arrival, circulation, and transformation. By examining how LatinXness inhabits the Spanish capital, Milian breaks open LatinX Spain and global LatinX studies. The X Catalogue resists containment, mirroring its objects of study and challenging categories such as native, foreign, or authentic. It advances a more-than-human, transatlantic understanding of LatinXness within empire studies, environmental humanities, and the critical study of tourism.

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The entanglement of Vancouver's infrastructure in settler colonialism and racialized exploitation

Vancouver, Canada, has long been held up as an environmentally conscious coastal refuge and model of progressive urban planning. Unpacking the troubling complexities that lie beneath the city's otherwise tidy self-image, Terminal City reveals the long, recurring patterns of racialized violence and Indigenous dispossession crucial to its formation.

Examining the histories of Vancouver's infrastructures, including railways, ports, the freeway system, fossil-fuel pipelines, and property, Michael Simpson details the various spatial manifestations of settler colonialism and racial capitalism that constitute the city's urban environment-using it as a case study to reveal such tendencies around the world. Simpson exposes how the seizure of Indigenous lands and the destruction of Black communities has been foundational to the development of the city, and he highlights its structural dependency on these violent legacies, as well as the ongoing struggles to dismantle them.

Bringing together theoretical insights from the fields of urban geography, political ecology, and Indigenous studies, Simpson provides a distinctive intervention into contemporary debates around the material basis of logistics and circulation. At a time when massive upheavals to urban infrastructure are taking place in the hopes of establishing greater sustainability, Terminal City raises important questions about how this moment of transition might be harnessed to bring about decolonial abolitionist futures that redefine what a city can become.

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This edited collection aims to identify memories and perceptions of African subjects who lived the process of struggle for independence and the experience of colonial wars, shaping their identity on the negotiation between personal memory and the narrative proposed by official history. It also includes memories of those who have experienced these periods in the colonial metropolis, which allow the contributors to compare the narratives centered on European memories of Africa and what was experienced in the African continent. The book explores how oral culture can become the domestic space of people who had to leave the African continent and had to recreate their identities inside a different society, quite often the colonizers' one, and how their life abroad has been shaped by the recreation of their linguistic social and culture paradigm through the memory of their oral culture.

Recentering black creativity and resistance in the history of the Midwest

African American creators have unsettled and upended racism in the Midwest region since as far back as 1787, and Black Visual Cultures of the Midwest examines the work of many such innovators, presenting an unruly, transgressive, and defiant vision of queer blackness that complicates fundamental American ideals of liberty, progress, life, and property.

Spanning the nineteenth century to the present, Freda L. Fair draws from a broad array of sources, including film, visual art, and even arrest records to examine concepts of freedom and resistance grounded in black cultural production in the Midwest. Through such subjects as Joshua Glover, who escaped slavery in Missouri and relocated to Wisconsin; sex workers in the Twin Cities; Ruth Ellis, a black lesbian elder in Detroit; and Nick Cave, who created Soundsuits in response to the police beating of Rodney King, Fair challenges monolithic formulations of blackness and black culture. Fair also queers Midwest history, engaging an LGBTQ lens to reexamine Wisconsin's 1854 decision to declare the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 unconstitutional, the Springfield Race Riot of 1908, and other historic moments.

Revealing how black visual cultures in the Midwest both illuminate black gendered and sexual difference and actively resist antiblackness, Fair shows that the region is a site that can advance freedom and social change.

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Reveals how race, gender, and sexuality structure belonging, violence, and resistanceQueer theorists of color have illuminated the extensive and pervasive ways sexuality and race are interconnected. In Refusing Normativity Lynn Fujiwara draws on this body of work to offer a bold rethinking of Asian American feminism that interrogates the heteronormativity at the center of Asian American racial and cultural formations.

Using incisive case studies, Fujiwara traces how normativity operates across political and cultural life. Analyses of media responses to the 2021 Atlanta spa murders and immigrant rights advocacy demonstrate how appeals to respectability and "deservingness" can reproduce the very hierarchies they seek to resist. At the same time, readings of the television series Killing Eve and the novel Comfort Woman illuminate how cultural production exposes-and at times refuses-the limits of normative frameworks governing sexuality, family, and belonging.

Throughout her analysis, Fujiwara reveals how heteronormativity is deeply entangled with white supremacy, nationalism, and neoliberal politics. These structures shape who is recognized as human, who is granted protection, and who remains vulnerable to violence and exclusion. By interrogating the politics of normativity, she offers a powerful framework for understanding race, gender, and sexuality in contemporary America.

Between Myths and Margins explores the systemic and macro implications of gendered racist microaggressions. To date, microaggression research has largely lived in the field of psychology, focusing on the interpersonal dynamics between aggressor and receiver. Left out of this conversation are the social factors at play that make microaggressions mere bricks in a larger structure of white supremacist cisheteropatriarchy. Through case studies of Black and Asian American women, Lackey unveils microaggressions as facets of everyday racism: commonplace and subtle behaviors, remarks, and beliefs that buttress the normalization of a supremacy of whiteness. Lackey identifies common perpetrators of gendered racist microaggressions-not just interracial perpetrators, but also members of our own communities-pointing to family members and coethnic friends and peers as adopters of a white racial dominant ideology. Stories of women in various family structures, workplaces, education settings, and friend groups identify a common thread that ties each of their experiences together: the underlying structure of white supremacist patriarchy that informs the experiences of women of color in everyday interpersonal exchanges.

This edited volume brings together researchers to discuss violence and trauma experienced by immigrants, migrants, and refugees in the United States. Despite their growing presence, immigrants, migrants, and refugees continue to be confronted with violence, such as domestic violence and school violence, and trauma due to xenophobic sentiments, displacement from their homelands, and detention and deportation. This book contributes to the growing number of empirical studies exploring the violence and trauma experienced by immigrant and refugee populations by linking studies across the spectrum of violence against these populations. In this volume, experts on immigrant, migrant, and refugee issues shed light on how violence against these groups can be best addressed, providing valuable insights to scholars and students of migration studies, sociology, and psychology.

If a creative individual identifies as queer or trans, does that fact belong solely to the realm of biography, or does it pertain to their artistic achievement? In Queer and Trans Aesthetics, Lloyd Whitesell discusses literature, visual culture, audio-visual media, music, and performance from the 19th to the 21st century. Through this analysis, Whitesell develops a systematic framework to enrich our understanding of LGBTQ aesthetics and cultural production. He traces the history of queer aesthetic inquiry, develops a justification for a synthetic approach, identifies a fund of expressive strategies motivated by queer subjectivity, and highlights how such strategies create affinity across differences of gender, race, local context, and artistic media.

Rooted in a gender-inclusive theory of queer/trans subjectivity, the book draws on testimony from people of diverse backgrounds, genders, and races. Whitesell engages with debates in the existing scholarly literature while making connections between a wide range of artists: some from mainstream canons, some established subcultural figures, and others only now emerging as notable contributors to queer culture. The book explores five expressive archetypes or poses which have had profound significance in queer art traditions: the Monster, the Victim, the Trickster, the Dandy, and the Dreamer. Each offers a repertoire of creative responses to social oppression and configures queer subjective experience in a unique way. With its unique systematic approach, Queer and Trans Aesthetics enhances our knowledge of queer aesthetic traditions across genres and time.

This book is a comparative study of the rap scenes in Greece and America, and provides one of the first English-language studies of Greek hip hop culture. Focusing mainly on the analysis of lyrics, the book addresses issues of gender, class and race. Putting these lyrics in the broader context of white supremacist capitalist patriarchy, the book situates Greek and American hip hop scenes in the context of phenomena such as the prison-industrial complex, police violence, and Black Lives Matter. The book also provides a history of hip hop in Greece.

This book traces the existence and potential of two concepts rarely considered together: Blackness and World Languages. Each chapter begins with a vignette illustrating how the phenomenon of Black World Languaging has manifested in the author's life. Layering on fresh data to existing research, Austin unpacks the ways that World Languages constructs barriers both to humanizing and Black language practices, or Black World Languaging, despite the latter's alignment with what is called for by national 'foreign' language standards. Each chapter then concludes with reflection questions for various stakeholders across language education. The book will be relevant to language teachers and learners, as well as students and researchers in fields including teacher education, language education, world languages, language policy, and sociolinguistics.

A sweeping, deeply rooted history of Harlem at the center of Black cultural, political, and intellectual life

From its earliest Indigenous inhabitants and Dutch settlers to its emergence as a global center of Black culture, Epic Harlem offers one of the most comprehensive narrative histories ever written about this storied New York neighborhood. Author, journalist, and longtime Harlem resident Herb Boyd traces the evolution of Harlem across centuries, capturing the people, movements, institutions, and cultural forces that shaped its identity and influence.

Moving beyond familiar portraits of the Harlem Renaissance, Boyd presents a full and richly layered account of the community's development: its multiethnic beginnings, its transformation into a hub of African American life, and its enduring role as a barometer of social, political, and artistic change in the United States. Legendary figures - Langston Hughes, Malcolm X, Zora Neale Hurston, Adam Clayton Powell Jr., Sugar Ray Robinson, and many more - appear alongside community organizers, artists, business owners, and residents whose lives collectively tell Harlem's story.

Drawing on decades of reporting, research, and lived experience, Boyd writes with the intimacy of a neighbor and the authority of a historian. He explores Harlem's triumphs and struggles, from artistic flourishing and political activism to economic hardship, urban renewal, and contemporary debates over preservation and gentrification. Throughout, Harlem stands as both a local community and a global symbol of Black creativity, resilience, and aspiration.

Accessible and engaging while grounded in deep scholarship, Epic Harlem serves as both an essential introduction for general readers and a rich resource for scholars seeking a fuller understanding of one of the most influential communities in American history.

From cannery to construction site, workers forged solidarity in shared strugglesAcross the Pacific Northwest in the late twentieth century, Black construction workers, Filipino cannery workers, and a wide network of community activists built a bold experiment in multiracial labor organizing. No Separate Peace tells the story of this movement and the political vision that sustained it: solidarity forged in struggle against racial capitalism, imperial power, and workplace exploitation.

Beginning in the early 1970s, activists in Seattle and Alaska created a worker-governed legal office, organized campaigns against discrimination and corruption, and built grassroots alliances linking labor struggles to global movements for liberation. These organizers insisted that solidarity was not a slogan or aspiration but a demanding political practice-one that required sustained collaboration across racial, national, and organizational boundaries.

Drawing on oral histories, activist archives, and movement newspapers, Michael Schulze-Oechtering Castaneda traces how Black and Filipino workers developed shared strategies of organizing while confronting the pressures of neoliberal economic restructuring, state repression, and internal debates within labor movements. Their collaborations produced new infrastructures of solidarity, connecting local organizing in the Pacific Northwest to decolonial struggles across the world.

By placing workers of color at the center of a global history of activism, No Separate Peace offers a powerful account of how solidarity is collectively built through the labor of shared struggle.

For over a century, construction has been at the heart of the struggle over Palestine/Israel. The ability to build on the land, the capacity to extract materials from it, and the development of economic and technological dominance in the construction industry were all central to Palestinian and Zionist ambitions to establish modern national communities. Construction also contributed to cementing a colonial social hierarchy among Jews and Palestinians, as racialized notions of skill, ability, and human needs shaped divisions of labor within the industry and the built environments.

From the vantage points of the construction site, cement factory, workers' encampment, self-built home, and boardroom, Colonial Constructs provides a new perspective on the Zionist-Palestinian conflict. Here, the materiality of the land itself - the rocks that underlie it and the buildings and infrastructure that construct it - take center stage. Following the experiences and aspirations of those who labored to excavate, manufacture, and build, Nimrod Ben Zeev tracks the interplay between construction work, the construction industry, and metaphorical constructions of nation- and state-building, the building and rebuilding of communities, and the construction of social difference. In so doing, this book reveals the material underpinnings of a colonial structure of domination, but also the long Palestinian history of rebuilding in the shadow of ongoing catastrophe.

Black Song: A Manifesto for Music and Justice centers acts of musical creation and performance that emerge from Black experiences, affirm Black humanity, and connect to Black communities. Written for scholars, performers, and music fans, the book shows that learning about Black Song and its creation is central to understanding both American music and Black American experiences. By providing a more inclusive, just, and accurate understanding of the art of Black Song, the authors disrupt and expand musical canons.

Black Song shines a spotlight on the response, resistance, and community building that occur in musical creation in Black spaces, past and present. The authors explore histories and performances across musical styles-from classical to country to hiphop to opera to jazz to gospel to many others. They offer practical advice on how to perform, research, teach, and listen to this music. As they center Black Song in American history and music, they show that this music is a valuable tool for promoting productive and healing dialogues about race, justice, and history. Encouraging empathy and understanding, Black Song shows how to approach Black music and spaces with knowledge and respect.

This book explores the American Mongolian diaspora, arguing that this group constitutes a critical case for understanding how migration unfolds under conditions of legal stratification, limited ethnic infrastructure, and accelerated global connectivity. Unlike migrant groups whose trajectories are shaped by colonial legacies, labor recruitment regimes, or long-established ethnic economies, Mongolian migration to the United States emerged primarily after 1990 as a response to post-socialist transformation. As such, it allows for close examination of how migrants navigate global inequality when institutional support is weak and uncertainty is structurally embedded.

Black Power Praxis shows how four groups of activist-intellectuals-James and Grace Lee Boggs, Richard and Milton Henry, Reverend Albert Cleage, and a group of college students called Uhuru-shifted the consciousness and political perspectives of Black Detroiters in the 1960s and 1970s. By developing theories that they could unite with community-organizing practices, these activist-intellectuals turned the focus of the grassroots movement for racial equality from Civil Rights to Black Power. Following the 1967 Detroit Rebellion, these Black Power activist-intellectuals were already positioned to harness the energy that emerged from the uprising and directed it into the city's first citywide Black Power organization, the Citywide Citizens Action Committee.

Even as Black Power theories became dominant over Detroit's grassroots movement, their influence faltered when they failed to develop community organizing practices corresponding to the lived experiences of Black Detroiters. Black Power Praxis reveals how the relationships between ideas, practices, leadership, material reality, and consciousness drove the historical development of Black Power. Ideal for readers curious about social movements, Detroit history, African American history, and African American Studies, the book sheds light on how, why, and when Detroit's activist-intellectual leaders successfully showed everyday people how their power might be used in transformative ways.

This book examines the 2024 U.S. presidential election, providing a critical analysis of how race shaped one of America's most consequential political moments. In a society as racialised as the United States, presidential elections are inherently racialised affairs, and this collection addresses urgent questions arising from Trump's return to power.

The contributions to this volume explore the historical conditions that allowed a nativist, white supremacist political movement to go mainstream in the twenty-first century, examine how racism is embedded in American political institutions, and discuss how differently racialised people understand the connections between their racial positionality and their political interests. Contributors analyse, variously, how racial ideologies and constructions of racial selfhood are stratified by liberal or conservative political identification, the connections between emotions, politics, and race, and how gendered and racial projects intersect in contemporary political discourse.

This book will appeal to to academic researchers, graduate students, and policy analysts interested in political sociology, racialization, and American electoral politics. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Ethnic and Racial Studies.

This book analyses the complex relations between racism and neoliberalism in the lives of middling migrants in Poland.

Focusing on 'middling migrants' - a heterogeneous category of migrants who are neither a highly paid elite nor low-paid or low-skilled workers - it offers a novel approach to the manner in which the intricate relationship between racism and neoliberalism plays out in migrants' lived experiences of and their strategies for coping with racism. Based on qualitative research among migrants from Western Europe, South Asia, North Africa, the Middle East and the post-Soviet area, the authors argue that while experiencing racism on a daily basis, middling migrants perpetuate the neoliberal hierarchy of desirable and undesirable migrants, while reproducing its logic of silencing and marginalising racism as a social problem.

An empirically grounded study of the relationship between racism and neoliberalism in relation to migration - and the conditions under which racism is enabled to persist - Neoliberalism, Racialisation and Middling Migrants in Poland will appeal to scholars of sociology, anthropology and politics with interests in migration and diaspora and race, racism and ethnicity.

The Rohingya are among the world's most persecuted people. Rendered stateless by Myanmar's 1982 Citizenship Act, they face systematic violence, discrimination, and displacement that have forced hundreds of thousands into exile across South and Southeast Asia.

This revised edition provides an expanded examination of Rohingya experiences in Bangladesh and India, analyzing conditions in overcrowded refugee camps, the perilous journeys undertaken in search of safety, and the profound human rights implications of statelessness. It critically assesses international responses to the crisis and confronts the challenges of repatriation without guarantees of citizenship or security.

An essential resource for scholars, students, and practitioners in Refugee Studies, Human Rights, South Asian Studies, and Political Science, this volume also speaks directly to policymakers, activists, and anyone seeking to understand one of the twenty-first century's most urgent humanitarian crises.

A powerful exploration of how emotions like rage, grief, and pride drive ethnic conflict and shape political life.

The Affective Forces of Ethnic Politics: But Look What They Did to Us! offers a bold intervention into the study of ethnic conflict, challenging the idea that fear, interests, or elite manipulation are the primary drivers of violence. Instead, it reveals how humiliation, grief, pride, and spite, or the affective forces of ethnic politics, sustain long-term antagonism and block the path to reconciliation.

Through emotionally charged case studies from Bosnia, Kosovo, Gaza, and Nagorno-Karabakh, the book shows how wounded identity, symbolic resistance, and accusatory discourse fuel post-conflict polarization. Rather than irrational outbursts, these emotions are deeply structured forces that shape how communities interpret the past, experience the present, and imagine the future. Against approaches that treatemotion as the opposite of reason, the book reframes it as a vital infrastructure of political life that must be understood to address the endurance of ethnic conflict.

Written in a clear, conceptually rich style, the book explains complex emotional dynamics without relying on jargon, making it accessible to students, researchers, and general readers with a basic grounding in conflict or political studies. It offers a powerful new lens for understanding identity conflict, and why reckoning with its emotional foundations is essential for any lasting resolution.