哲学・社会思想・宗教 — 全 下位分類

Politics, Philosophy, Culture contains a rich selection of interviews and other writings by the late Michel Foucault, many of which are hard to find. Drawing upon his revolutionary concept of power as well as his critique of the institutions that organize social life, Foucault discusses literature, music and the power of art while also examining concrete issues such as the Left in contemporary France, the social security system, the penal system, homosexuality, madness and the Iranian Revolution.

Taken together, the book provides a perfect companion to Foucault's best-known works, offering a fascinating insight into the mind and work of one of the twentieth century's most influential and controversial thinkers.

This Routledge Classics edition includes a new Preface by Lawrence D. Kritzman, , in which he situates Foucault's thought in the context of Donald Trump's presidency. It also retains his helpful original introduction to the anthology.

What role, if any, should AI technologies have in the church and to what end?

In this book, Walter Sisto contends that the sophiological perspective of Father Sergius Bulgakov (1871-1994) lays a path for the church during the rapid rise of artificial intelligence. What distinguishes Bulgakov's theology is not merely his Russian Orthodox sophiological framework, but his prophetic vision for the Church's active engagement with modernity-a vision this book seeks to extend. Building upon Bulgakov's theological thought primarily written during his Paris period, Sisto articulates an Eastern Christian response to cybernetic, life extension, and AI technologies that speaks not only to Eastern Catholics and Orthodox believers, but to all Christians confronting ethical challenges posed by technologies that threaten to redefine human identity and humanity's unique role within creation.

This book offers a compelling exploration of how language shapes truth, subjectivity, and ethical life. Bringing together psychoanalysis and philosophy, it stages a rigorous dialogue between Lacan and Wittgenstein to address a question of broad human interest: how do we make sense of what we say, and what does it mean for that sense to be true?

Expanding on this, the volume examines the consequences of the "linguistic turn" for both philosophy and psychoanalysis, contrasting early and later Wittgenstein with Freudian and Lacanian approaches to interpretation. It analyzes key tensions between explanation and description, reference and use, proposition and enunciation, while engaging debates on the limits of meaning, the role of desire and fantasy, and the status of the Real. The book also extends these discussions into contemporary contexts, including digital communication, where symbolic practices such as memes and hashtags reshape meaning and subjectivity.

What distinguishes this work is its insistence that truth is not a fixed correspondence but an emergent, contingent effect within linguistic practices marked by incompleteness. Its originality lies in articulating a non-reductive dialogue between analytic philosophy and psychoanalysis, making it especially valuable for scholars of philosophy, psychoanalysis, and critical theory.

What does it mean to live freely, authentically, and responsibly in the twenty-first century? What use do we have for existentialism today? Is it just a tangle of irrational and individualist pessimism, or does it speak to our contemporary minds?

Stereotypically ascribed to the cliques of Bohemia, pretentious cafe dwellers and tyro philosophers, existentialism is probably the most misunderstood and caricatured of philosophical movements. Rather than offering a dry history of ideas or an angsty guide to intellectual despair however, Existentialism Now shows that existentialist understandings of concepts like freedom, embodiment, ambiguity, authenticity and responsibility speak urgently to the pressures and possibilities of contemporary modern life.

21 iconic quotations from Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Beauvoir, Fanon, Sartre, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty and others bring the electrifying force of existentialist thought to bear on our contemporary moment. Lines including: "One is not born, but rather becomes, woman", "Hell is other people", and "Remain true to the earth" offer pathmarks for navigating a world shaken by ecological crisis, political polarisation and technological acceleration, and are launch points for exploring gender, race, trauma, anxiety, technology, ecology, politics, violence, love, and the future of humanity. Ultimately, Nik Farrell Fox argues that we can overturn the misinterpretations that plague existentialism and find instead their renewed relevance to contemporary thought.

Consciousness has been a central theme of Indian philosophy for more than 2500 years. Returning to the theories that originated in the Classical age, Matthew MacKenzie presents the first comprehensive overview of Indian views about the nature and structure of consciousness.

MacKenzie looks to the Upanisads and the early Buddhist discourses for the roots of the theories, following consciousness as it developed in the Abhidharma, Yogacara, and Pramaavada schools of Buddhism and the Nyaya, Yoga, Advaita, and Nondual Saiva schools of Hinduism. In the Upanisads, he introduces us to sages and kings who discussed the elusive light (prakasa) of consciousness and its relation to one's deepest self (atman). In early Buddhist texts the complex flow of conscious mental events are explored within an impermanent, selfless reality. In yogic texts we find a sharp distinction between ever-shifting objects and the pure light of consciousness.

Addressing timeless questions surrounding the fundamental nature of reality, MacKenzie focuses throughout on whether and how consciousness illuminates objects as well as itself. A critical and comparative introduction to a major philosophical subject, this book marks a new direction for understanding the cross-cultural philosophy of consciousness.

Aesthetics and Music is a fresh, provocative exploration of the key concepts and arguments in musical aesthetics. It makes an eloquent case for a humanistic, meritocratic and genuinely aesthetic conception of music and musical understanding. Anyone interested in what contemporary philosophy has to say about music as an art will find this thought-provoking and highly enjoyable book required reading.

Thinkers discussed range from Pythagoras and Plato to Kant, Nietzsche and Adorno. Areas of music covered include classical, popular and traditional music, and jazz. This updated edition features new material, including three new chapters on the evolutionary perspective, words and music and music and language. There are guides to further reading, and new dialogues with some contemporary thinkers and musicians.

Care ethics has long been contrasted with moral theories like deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics. Yet, the characteristics that distinguish care ethics from deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics are some of very characteristics that philosophers usually associate with moral theory per se. If care ethics departs from other moral theories on some of the very grounds that define moral theory itself, the question arises: Is care ethics a moral theory? If so, what kind of a moral theory is it?

Drawing together some of the world's leading care theorists, Care and Moral Theory addresses these questions. Early chapters situate care ethics in relation to other moral theories and highlight its unique methods and aims. Middle chapters offer analytical clarity to key concepts in the moral theory of care. A final set of chapters offer a whole new framework for thinking about care ethics. Despite the diversity of perspectives included in this book, the chapters as a whole are all oriented around the common project of elucidating the characteristics of a moral theory of care.

Care and Moral Theory offers an accessible entry point for anyone interested in the nature of care ethics. By clarifying its relation to other moral theories and highlighting its differences, it makes evident what is distinct and important about this increasingly popular moral theory.

Against the background of selected themes in contemporary philosophy, this book argues that Richard Shusterman's somaesthetics is not only an aesthetics but, first of all, it is a philosophy.

The book schematically outlines the philosophical background of pragmatism and of Shusterman's views, which are both popular and relevant to contemporary humanist thought. Linking Shusterman's biography with themes from his work, Kremer suggests that Richard Shusterman is first and foremost a philosopher, not merely an aesthete.

With origins in pragmatism, the somaesthetics presented by Shusterman lays the groundwork for everyday aesthetics as a new field of pragmatist aesthetics. Alexander Kremer demonstrates that this somaesthetics--the critical meliorative study of the experience and use of one's body as a locus of sensory-aesthetic appreciation (aesthesis) and creative self-fashioning--has a serious philosophical background and is not confined to aesthetics. Kremer specifically explores the relation between Shusterman's somaesthetics and everyday aesthetics, a general theory of understanding and Shusterman's theory of interpretation, and the meaning of life.

Philosophy always tries to understand and interpret the world and man in it by means of the most general concepts. This book takes the reader on a philosophical adventure, exploring the philosophical background of the field of beauty and of the fine arts.

Beauty: Gendered Perspectives examines beauty as a social force that shapes bodies, identities, and everyday life. Taking a gendered approach, it explores how beauty norms are produced, enforced, and contested across contemporary culture.

From hair and dress to thinness, cosmetic surgery, and online beauty culture, this volume traces the historical and social forces that have made particular forms of appearance desirable, necessary, and valuable. It shows how beauty is expected of many, yet women and gender non-conforming people are often penalized most harshly for failing to meet dominant ideals. At the same time, it considers how beauty practices can function as forms of self-fashioning, resistance, and social change. Topics discussed include:

• The politics of "good hair" and body hair
• Clothing, modernity, and Western urban aesthetic norms
• Thinness, fitness, and the gendered regulation of bodies
• Cosmetic plastic surgery, self-making, and racialized beauty ideals
• Beauty influencers and the contested politics of digital beauty culture

Beauty: Gendered Perspectives is an invaluable resource for graduate and undergraduate students across philosophy, sociology, gender studies, feminist studies, media studies, and cultural studies.

What is 'good' healthcare? Can we define and deliver it, or will we simply make things better for some people and worse for others?

Bringing together the fields of philosophy and healthcare, this open access book provides a much needed framework for understanding and navigating the conceptual and ethical issues at the heart of healthcare improvement.

This accessible text reveals the contribution philosophy can make to the provision of quality healthcare, combining theory and practice with a wide range of case studies, such as urban poverty screening in US primary care and UK concerns to underpin anti-racist practice.

Throughout, the authors advocate 'pragmatic pluralism', emphasizing compassion, social justice and practical wisdom alongside techniques, measures and outcomes. Across public policy, bioethics, healthcare management, social sciences and beyond, it is a must-read for students, scholars and
practitioners alike.

The Palgrave Companion to Stanley Cavell's Aesthetic Thought is a collection dedicated to the intersections between Stanley Cavell's aesthetic thought and an array of major philosophical figures: Kant, Nietzsche, Schelling, Wittgenstein, Austin, Heidegger, Benjamin, Arendt, Derrida, Diamond, Bugbee, and others. It offers a comprehensive account of Cavell's aesthetic legacy by exploring its indebtedness and relevance to these philosophical interlocutors. The volume's premise is that Cavell's conversational mode of philosophizing is intimately connected to his original understanding of art and film and to their centrality in his work. The featured essays elucidate different aspects of this connection, as each chapter reconstructs Cavell's dialogue with another thinker on a subject chosen from the vast gamut of Cavell's work: aesthetic experience, philosophical style, perfectionism, reading, literary form, modernism, film genres, and more. The Palgrave Companion to Stanley Cavell's Aesthetic Thought offers cutting-edge perspectives on traditional Cavellian themes while also opening unexpected avenues of "doing things with Cavell." It addresses scholars and students interested in Cavell, aesthetics and the arts, dialogical thinking, and their significance for modern philosophy at large.

This open access book is self-standing as the only substantive anthology of writings centered on John Dupre's work. Dupre is internationally regarded as one of the most prominent living philosophers of science. His work has had a profound impact on philosophy and biology over the last half century. From fundamental questions about classification to metaphysical debates about the nature of organisms and life, Dupre's writings have changed how scholars look at the life sciences and the natural world. But it is not just his published output that has re-shaped the field. It is also his philosophical methodology, characterised by a naturalistic and interdisciplinary approach. In part this approach was shaped by Dupre's interactions with natural and social scientists, an aspect of his approach to philosophy that is also reflected in his role as a co-founder and then Director of the Egenis Centre for the Study of Life Sciences. This book, edited and authored by many of the world's leading philosophers of the life sciences provides a key text on the interdisciplinary study of the life sciences with a particular emphasis on philosophy. It is of interest to philosophers of science and forms a methodological reference point for students in this field.

A bold, systematic account of the role of repetition in shaping modern subjectivity for Kierkegaard, Freud, and Lacan.

Repetition and Subjectivity offers an in-depth exploration of the relationship between Kierkegaard's concept of repetition and the psychoanalytic one. Starting from the thesis that what lies at the heart of repetition is an ontological principle of duality, Bara Kolenc introduces four matrices of repetition: deflation, reformation, inflation, and formation. The fourth-formation-underlies the modern subject. While the contours of this scheme can be traced back to the ancient Greeks, Kierkegaard is the first to have articulated it fully, paving the way for Freud and Lacan to outline its logic most clearly. Rich and rigorous, Repetition and Subjectivity provides a new foundation for understanding modern subjectivity. Newly examining a range of philosophical and psychoanalytic concepts, from the Greek anamnesis (remembering) to the death drive and jouissance, Kolenc reveals repetition to be not simply a phenomenon but rather a central mechanism in forming the subject's relationship with reality.

The personal meaning of our action reveals who we are: understanding how that disclosure is possible enables us to describe our self-awareness more accurately and solve a raft of intellectual puzzles about our values and relationships.

Much of our action has personal meaning, meaning others are not entirely privy to. Our relationships can have a great deal of meaning or they can be of little meaning. Some of our actions register as important, others relatively unimportant. Sometimes we act in loving ways; sometimes we act out of fear. Sometimes we mean to do something with special moral value. Personal Meaning accounts for how we construct these features of our actions' meaning. It shows how we make sense of our relationships, our priorities, our emotions, and our morality in ways that can be reasonable or unreasonable. By laying out how we reason when we are being reasonable about personal matters, we discover what author Richard Prust calls the "character logic" of personal meaning. Appreciating its governance gives us two advantages: it lets us describe our lives more accurately than we can using the causal languages of science, and it enables us to find philosophical solutions to the issues discussed under these topics.