社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

Analysing a broad range of digital health innovations and research studies that demonstrate working collaboratively with people with dementia and their caregivers, this timely volume offers new insights, latest evidence, and research-based solutions for managing the role of technology in dementia care and support.

The book comprehensively examines four key research areas: the role of technology in addressing the diversity of needs in dementia care and support, the effectiveness of social media websites in meeting care and support needs, the assessment of smartphone apps and websites in helping increase independence and social interactions, and the use of social robots at home and in institutional care settings. Chapters highlight the rigorous development, evaluation, and implementation of technologies such as apps and co-created websites by combining experience and research from leaders in the field, early-career researchers, and their collaborators with applied knowledge in the field. Benefitting significantly from research funded through the European Marie-Curie training network, DISTINCT (Dementia: Intersectoral Strategies for Training and Innovation Network for Current Technology), contributions are truly international, spanning across Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, the UK, and Spain.

Serving as a vital resource and inspiration for future research and clinical practice, this volume will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of gerontology and ageing, dementia, and medical technology and engineering. Policy makers may also find this volume of use.

Khalid, Muschert, and Daran explore how digital technologies are reshaping elderly care in South Asia and the Middle East, addressing the opportunities and challenges of this transformation through a critical sociological and interdisciplinary lens.

This book examines whether technological advancements can bridge or widen existing disparities in healthcare for older adults, using cross-regional perspectives, empirical case studies, and policy analysis from South Asia, the Middle East, and other comparable contexts. It discusses practical solutions for inclusive technology adoption, ethical concerns, and community-driven models, offering actionable insights for policymakers, researchers, healthcare providers, and technology developers working toward equitable and sustainable elderly care.

It is an essential volume for academics and researchers in sociology, public policy, Middle Eastern and South Asian studies, as well as policymakers, healthcare professionals, and technology developers interested in exploring technological innovations, policy frameworks, and practical pathways for the digital transformation of aging in the Global South.

This thoughtful exploration examines the complex and multifaceted transition of retirement from academia, addressing fundamental questions of when and how to retire, and what retirement looks like. The work challenges assumptions about ageing while acknowledging the profound sense of loss that often accompanies the end of an academic career.

Through engaging autoethnographies, this book reveals both challenges and opportunities inherent in this significant life stage, offering unique insights into how academic identities evolve beyond formal employment. It focuses on the ongoing development of self and community in post-academic life, examining themes including the cultural production of retirement, the impact of political and social changes on academic careers, and the role of metacognition in shaping personal narratives. By presenting these complex issues through deeply personal stories, the work invites readers to reflect on their own experiences within the broader context of academic work and professional identity transformation.

This volume will interest current academics contemplating retirement, retired academics navigating post-career life, and researchers studying workforce transitions and ageing. It holds particular value for students and professionals in social work, social policy, gerontology, and higher education administration, offering both guidance and inspiration for understanding the complexities of post-retirement academic life.

This book examines how socio-cultural context affects the learning of nursing students. It builds on this to introduce a new approach for educators to effectively teach clinical skills by taking these contexts into account, whether they are in the skills laboratory, the ward or the classroom.

Moving away from traditional ideas about teaching students by rote, this text draws on research findings, educational theories, and case studies to demonstrate how skills acquisition is influenced by the learner's socio-cultural context. It utilises a social constructionist conceptual framework drawing upon the work of a series of scholars - including Benjamin Bloom, Patricia Benner, Albert Bandura and Lev Vygotsky - to examine elements essential for nursing skills development and to highlight four broad areas to focus on: environmental factors, human-related factors, cultural factors and skills learning specific factors. Dr Irene Y.F. Wong then introduces a new approach for conducting clinical nursing skills education that is sensitive to these factors and promotes more effective learning.

This thoughtful book is an essential read for nursing and healthcare academics and professionals with an interest in clinical skills education.

Latino Families in Later Life is a comprehensive look at the issues, dilemmas, and conditions faced by older Latinos and their caregivers, with salient consideration given to key changes shaping the need for assistance and the availability of support.

Jacqueline L. Angel and Sunshine M. Rote address a nascent caregiving crisis at a time when an aging population is set to outnumber younger adults in the United States. Though many older adults in need of care currently receive support from family members, friends, and neighbors, demographic trends portend such kin-based forms of care may not be as readily available in the future. Against this backdrop, the authors examine the caregiving experience broadly, as one shaped by cultural values, economic conditions, and structural inequities. Focusing on Latinos and Latino families in particular, the book attends to key transitions such as migration, the onset of health conditions, and changes in living arrangements, revealing culturally specific forms of resilience and engagement among caregivers and care recipients-and also significant challenges. As demographic, social, and financial circumstances change and pressures mount, the authors advocate for a "new caregiver paradigm" reflecting a supportive and sustainable ecology that is culturally responsive and essential for long-term care routes in the United States.

With important revelations about the dual experiences of older adults and those who care for them, Latino Families in Later Life is insightful reading for students, scholars, and advocates interested in aging, health, family support, and care work.

Unravels the complexity of pervasive mistrust across the primary medical sectors of Niger

Negotiating Mistrust examines a wide diversity of patients and healers-and interactions between them-in Niamey, Niger through the analytical prism of mistrust. It offers a holistic study of the medical landscape in Niamey by focusing on the intersections between three medical sectors: traditional, Islamic, and biomedical.

Scott M. Youngstedt asserts that nuanced analysis of the interplay between mistrust and trust is key to understanding the decisions that health-seeking Nigeriens make among the multiple options available to them, while recognizing that in one of the world's very poorest countries, many forms of biomedical care-and some traditional and Islamic medicine-are unaffordable to most people. He demonstrates that mistrust and trust are not mutually exclusive, usually not absolute but exist on a fluid continuum, involve cognitive and affective dimensions, and are shaped by shifting historical, contemporary, and personal contexts. Medical mistrust often functions as a pragmatic, defensive attitude of engagement with uncertainty and risk. Mistrust complicates medical decision-making, but Nigeriens are not paralyzed by it. Despite pervasive mistrust of medical systems and institutions, medicines, and healers of all sectors for diverse historical reasons, tens of thousands of Nigeriens consult with and purchase medicines from healers daily on the streets of Niamey because their determination to get well helps them overcome their skepticism. Since people in Niamey are often mistrustful of medical care of all three sectors, practitioners must exert enormous energy earning potential patients' trust. Negotiating Mistrust focuses on the careers of generalist practitioners-healers who treat thirty or more conditions ranging from everyday annoyances to life-threatening problems-of all three sectors who work on the street and in roadside boutiques.

Medical mistrust in various forms is widespread, possibly even universal. This focused study of the medical mistrust-trust dynamic in Niger yields important insights into health care interactions and medical decision-making worldwide.

The COVID-19 pandemic originated in China, yet the global community remains largely unaware of the challenges and experiences faced by its citizens during this unprecedented period. This limited understanding stems from various factors, including the complexities surrounding information dissemination. Zhai, Wu, and the contributors offer valuable
insights that review, reflect, document, and analyze the pandemic's impact.

The Handbook provides a thorough record and analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic in China, exploring it through six critical dimensions: health, family, economic life, society, media, and politics. Each chapter is written by experts in their respective fields, utilizing scientific methodologies and firsthand empirical data to deliver insightful and authoritative analysis. It serves as an essential guide and reference for those seeking to understand COVID-19 in China, both now and in the future.

An indispensable resource for scholars, researchers, and students interested in the complexities of Chinese society and politics during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A literary, legal, and cultural history of disability, race, and citizenship between the Revolution and the Civil War

The history of disability rights is often told as a recent one, but it is not. In the wake of the American Revolution, many of the differences we now call disabilities could be accommodated into citizenship-and for some even exemplified its promises. By the antebellum period, however, disability was becoming a powerful, racialized tool of civic exclusion and, by the century's end, a target for eugenic elimination. In Before Disability, Sari Altschuler tells the story of how this dramatic transformation occurred.

Before Disability is a literary, legal, and cultural history of the relationship between disability, race, and citizenship. It shows how disability helped to shape US citizenship and, in turn, how the formation of US citizenship shaped disability. There were two key drivers of the transformation from accommodation to exclusion and eugenics: the difficulty aligning the reality with the rhetoric of civic inclusion and the co-opting of mental and physical difference as evidence in debates about Black citizenship. The stigmatizing ways race came together with mental and physical difference to deny Americans rights were, however, not inevitable.

Before citizenship was federally defined in the late 1860s, Americans were still working out what it meant. They used the narrative forms available to them-from melodrama and the gothic to the slave narrative and the criminal confession-to do this work. While possibilities narrowed by the antebellum era, Americans continued to imagine, articulate, and enact broader definitions. As we seek to imagine the relationship between disability and citizenship more equitably and expansively for ourselves, we should begin by remembering that many disabled and nondisabled Americans before us did, too.

This book takes a fresh look at spirituality within health and social care practice. It begins by suggesting that spirituality is a capacity selected during evolution that has become integral to human flourishing. The authors argue that we are seeing the convergence of scientific evidence and spiritual wisdom and that practitioners need the skills to talk with clients about their spiritual experiences, beliefs, and practices.

The first half of the book provides a theoretical foundation and uses the concept of relational consciousness to define spirituality without reliance on religious frameworks. The spiritual journey is presented as a dynamic river, and mindfulness as a method for nurturing relational consciousness. In part two, the authors invite readers to engage in a deeper consideration of their own spiritual journeys. By participating in reflective exercises, practitioners will develop skills to work with clients in more inclusive and effective ways, acknowledging that spirituality is inextricably woven into all life challenges.

Practitioners are provided with an innovative framework for considering spirituality for themselves and their clients. Educators will discover a guided curriculum for teaching this important topic, and students will learn essential knowledge and skills for their future work. This book is an essential guide to navigating this challenging terrain and working respectfully with the spiritual aspect of a client's identity.

Writing COVID-19 Lives examines how people turned to life writing-often in fragile, makeshift forms-to make sense of the pandemic. Across poetry, memoir, autofiction, photography, sketchbooks, diaries, postcards, and digital storytelling, the collection traces a pandemic aesthetic marked by brevity, fracture, and pause: an autobiographical "I" that is unsettled, doubled, or dispersed. As Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie writes in Notes on Grief, "You learn how much grief is about language, the failure of language and the grasping for language." That grasping-the search for a voice that could still speak-threads through these essays.

Spanning case studies from Canada, the United States, China, Latvia, Peru, the United Kingdom, and Spain, the volume situates these works amid uneven conditions of care, precarity, surveillance, and loss. We encounter poetry written into silence; memoirs shaped by Zoom-mediated mourning; autofiction working through trauma; and photographic diaries-such as Marvin Heiferman's Photographic Shiva-that turn domestic objects into charged residues of grief.

Rather than offering a single story of "the pandemic," the volume assembles a textured archive of how lives were written-tenderly, urgently, and sometimes beautifully-under unprecedented constraint.

In an era where medical technology advances rapidly yet faces mounting regulatory hurdles, this book explores the critical interplay between patent law and regulatory frameworks that shapes the future of healthcare. It examines a fundamental problem in European medical technology innovation: the disconnect between patent protection periods and increasingly lengthy regulatory approval processes, demonstrating that Europe's current system forces companies to abandon breakthrough innovations in favor of incremental improvements. It compares the European Union's Medical Device Regulation with the United States' integrated patent-regulatory system, revealing how temporal misalignment between approval and protection discourages investment in complex medical devices. The book develops the first quantitative model linking patent-regulatory interaction and innovation effort in medical devices and demonstrates empirically, through Monte Carlo simulations and elasticity analysis, a significant improvement in development effort and increase in innovation value. It provides actionable policy guidance for aligning European patent law with regulatory timelines while maintaining high safety standards and offers cross-sectoral insights from renewable energy and biotechnology as benchmarks for successful regulatory-innovation alignment. Further, it addresses an urgent policy debate in the European Union concerning innovation incentives in the health-technology sector. By combining legal analysis, mathematical modelling, and policy evaluation, the book bridges law, economics, and health-technology governance. It provides a policy blueprint for balancing innovation incentives, regulatory efficiency, and patient safety, addressing a structural weakness at the heart of Europe's medtech competitiveness. With its quantitative rigour and policy relevance, the book targets a multidisciplinary readership of academics in law, economics, and innovation policy, policymakers, regulators at European Union institutions, and industry professionals.

Exploring the most up-to-date research available, this book is a foundational guide for readers seeking to identify and support gifted and talented learners with autism.

Bridging the gap between theory and practice, this comprehensive guide reveals how to recognize overlapping characteristics of giftedness and autism, navigate complex identification processes, and create inclusive environments where these students can thrive. From evidence-based identification strategies to executive functioning support, collaboration frameworks, and real-world case studies, this foundational guide provides the tools needed to unlock the remarkable potential of multi-exceptional learners.

Complete with social-emotional learning approaches that honor neurodiversity and policy recommendations for systemic change, this book transforms how we see and serve these extraordinary students. Whether you are an educator, administrator, or guardian, this book is a must-have companion on your journey to understanding and supporting gifted students with autism.

Injecting Substance Use, Recovery and Critical Harms: Understanding the Complexities of the Drug Problem provides an important overview into the history, drivers and consequences of drug injecting, what sustains it and why problems continue to surprise clinicians, policy-makers and politicians. It explores the gritty reality of the harms caused by injecting drugs, and puts the medical, psychiatric and social damage in a contemporary context. Among the many harms resulting from substance use are viral and bacterial epidemics and devastating loss of life. Although no simple solutions are possible, by engaging with the consequences of drug use, the book aims to understand the causes, to prevent worse outcomes.

Drawing on the author's in-depth experiences at the forefront of practice, policy and research in this field, the book provides an extended case study examining drug injecting and the HIV crisis in the Scottish health system. The book shows how trying to get to grips with the "drug problem" is complicated by confusing definitions of what is a drug and where the separation lies between the benefits and harms, Culture and politics, which vary across nations, determine legal status, and consequently penalties and acceptability. In grappling with these complexities, the book aims to develop a strong theoretical framework which examines how substance use is socially constructed within public health policy and practice.

The book should be essential reading for health, medicine and social care students and those with an interest in the consequences of illicit substance use including those studying law, humanities, business and politics. It will also be informative for professionals and policy-makers in the criminal justice, health and education sectors and those responsible for political influence and planning in the public realm. Anyone who thinks that substance use will not throw up new problems and challenges for the health and politics affecting us all in the future just has to consider the roller coaster of the last six decades.

This book sets out a critical sociological approach to 'personalised medicine' (PM), not only highlighting its limitations and flaws but also emphasising its hopeful potentialities for a better medicine in the future.

Bringing together perspectives from science and technology studies, medical sociology, law, and bioethics, this book traces PM from its historical roots in disease classification and predictive genetics to its data-driven present of digital infrastructures, algorithmic prediction, and precision therapeutics. Across seven chapters, it explores how measurement, classification, and datafication shape medical knowledge; how infrastructures and platforms distribute benefits and risks; how publics are imagined as patients, consumers, and citizens; and how privacy, access, and equity are negotiated in global health systems. This book concludes by outlining possible futures grounded in solidarity, patient-centred care, and democratic innovation - offering practical ways to shift PM from a privilege for the few to a shared public good.

Written for scholars and practitioners in science and technology studies, sociology of medicine, health policy, and bioethics, as well as for clinicians and policymakers, this book will engage readers seeking to understand - and reshape - the social futures of data-intensive healthcare. It will also be useful for policy makers debating the implementation of different PM projects in local or national healthcare systems.

In a world built for words, Neurodiversity in Silence reveals the powerful, often invisible experiences of children and adults living with both Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and hearing impairment. Through the lens of neuroscience, education, and human empathy, Dr. Hina Hadayat Ali and Dr. Hina Fazil invite us to see beyond diagnosis, and into a deeper understanding of minds that communicate differently.

This groundbreaking book uncovers the profound challenges of dual diagnosis: the diagnostic tools that miss the mark, the systems that fail to connect, and the educators left without a map. Yet at its core, Neurodiversity in Silence is a story of resilience and reimagining, of children who express through gesture, image, and sensation, and of caregivers and professionals who build bridges across silence. From brain development and sensory processing to multimodal communication and inclusive classrooms, this book equips readers with evidence-based insights and actionable strategies.

Whether you are a teacher, clinician, parent policymaker, or advocate, you will find guidance, and hope, within these pages. This may also be of interest to students and researchers in special education, psychology, neuroscience, and disability studies.

Computational Intelligence for Patient Care: Blockchain, AI, and ML in Healthcare explores the revolutionizing applications of blockchain, artificial intelligence, and machine learning in healthcare systems. The book attempts to close the gap between cutting-edge computational approaches and real-world healthcare applications by discussing the latest innovations in the field.

The book is divided into ten chapters, each of which focuses on a crucial area of healthcare-related computational intelligence. The book first provides an overview of blockchain technology and its uses in the healthcare industry, highlighting its potential for clinical research, medical fraud detection, and electronic health records (EHRs). It further explores the use of blockchain technology in the creation of digital healthcare systems, emphasizing the benefits of combining big data with blockchain technology while also going over institutional considerations and security issues.

The book goes on to discusses the use of AI in healthcare, covering topics such as the development of telemedicine, AI-assisted remote monitoring, and smart health monitoring systems. Additionally, the book explores AI's inclusive approach to disease management, management of chronic illnesses, accuracy of diagnoses, and personalized therapy. It also covers the development of AI and ML in CNS drug discovery, emphasizing novel uses of these technologies in the development of pharmaceuticals for neurological disorders. It also discusses the problems and duties of regulators in regulating the integration of AI in healthcare, providing insights into future regulatory policies.

The book will be an invaluable resource for those looking to use technology to improve patient care and healthcare outcomes, showing computational intelligence's transformative potential in this field.