アジア・中東・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカ・オセアニア — 全 下位分類

Over the first two decades of the twenty-first century-a period marked by profound global transformations and recurrent crises for many Latin American economies-two countries appeared to stand out for their sustained growth and notable improvements in social indicators: Bolivia and Peru. Despite divergent policy orientations, income derived from the large-scale exploitation of natural resources became the central pillar of economic growth in both countries. This book explores the political economy of Bolivia and Peru by situating their development trajectories within the changing global context of the twenty-first century and argues that the recent boom represents not a structural break, but rather a renewed phase of a long-standing extractivist accumulation pattern dating back to the colonial period.

The book examines why, despite having formally escaped colonial rule almost two centuries ago-and notwithstanding an unusually favorable international environment-both Bolivia and Peru remain highly dependent on primary commodity exports. Drawing on a comparative framework that combines world-systems analysis and political settlements theory, it assesses how global economic pressures were mediated through distinct domestic coalitions, institutions, and strategies of rent distribution. While national policies to overcome natural-resource dependence differed markedly in discourse and design, the analysis shows that neither country succeeded in fundamentally transforming its position within the global economy. Instead, the underlying pattern of surplus extraction from peripheral economies by core actors persists, albeit through reconfigured mechanisms.

This book will be of great interest to readers in political economy, development studies, international relations, and Latin American studies.

Wealth inequality is both extreme and persistent across much of the world, yet it remains poorly understood relative to income inequality and poverty alleviation. Bringing together original research on Brazil, India, and South Africa, this volume examines the processes through which elite groups accumulate and maintain disproportionate control over assets - through historically embedded social hierarchies, institutional arrangements, and political-economic processes. These middle-income, semi-industrialised societies combine extreme wealth with persistent poverty, making them revealing sites for analysing how inequality is actively produced, not merely inherited.

Across nine chapters, the book traces the historical formation of wealth shaped by colonial legacies, racial and caste hierarchies, land regimes, and state formation, before analysing contemporary processes of elite continuities and reproduction. These include financialisation, asset ownership, legal and regulatory frameworks, urban development, and corporate control. Rather than treating elites as a numerical category (the "top 1%"), the contributors analyse elites as historically constituted and institutionally embedded actors whose wealth and power are produced within existing accumulation regimes, and who in turn act to stabilise, adapt, and extend those regimes over time.

The volume develops a relational, comparative political economy of wealth inequality, showing that processes illuminated in the Global South also deepen analysis of wealth concentration globally. It will interest scholars and advanced students in development studies, political economy, sociology, economics, law, and global studies.

In the mid-twentieth century, researchers at an experiment station in Sonora's Yaqui Valley designed high-yielding wheat seeds with the promise that increasing crop productivity would end world hunger. The seeds made their way across the world, where accompanying inputs such as fertilizer, pesticides, and irrigation systems transformed global farming in what came to be known as the Green Revolution. Gabriela Soto Laveaga challenges this history-often told from the point of view of philanthropic organizations, development proselytizers, or heroic American scientists-by placing native lands, Sonoran farmers, Mexican innovation, and Mexico-India connections at the center. Presenting groundbreaking archival research, The World in a Wheat Field sheds new light on how global initiatives changed a local place and points to why so many development projects failed to eradicate hunger worldwide.

This book traces the colonial foundations of modernity as it emerged in non-Western contexts, offering new theories and challenging Eurocentric accounts.

Focusing on Muslim societies, the book maps the entanglements of empire, secularism, capitalism and the nation-state within global power structures. The chapters reveal how modern political, economic, and social orders have been shaped-and often distorted-by imperial legacies.

From legal renewal to postcolonial governance and global finance, this is a unique study that explores the ways in which states and societies in the Global South continue to grapple with, adapt to and resist the pressures of a hegemonic modernity.

This book examines economic integration and peace prospects in Central and South Asia with focus on UTTAPI countries-Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. It analyzes trade impact on national economies, transportation corridors, and regional development patterns. It addresses India's strategic role through TAPI pipeline and military cooperation initiatives, and also:

• Examines economic integration among UTTAPI countries (Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India).

• Addresses India's strategic role in Central and South Asian integration through initiatives including TAPI gas pipeline, DUSTLIK military exercises, and infrastructure development.

• Analyzes Afghanistan's stability as critical factor for regional security and economic connectivity.

• Examines India-Pakistan relations with focus on trade and economic collaboration potential for addressing common challenges.

• Covers transportation and transit corridor development among UTTAPI countries.

This title has been co-published with Knowledge World Publishers. T&F does not sell or distribute the print versions in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri lanka.

This book provides a comprehensive exploration on the history and practices of native Buddhist movements in contemporary Korea. It begins with a historical emergence of Korean Buddhism, followed by the colonial transmission of Japanese Buddhism in East Asia.

The study critically analyses the development of five distinct Buddhist sects and two alternative movements from the 1960s to the 2020s. Each group is explored through key categories: origins and founders, beliefs, sacred scriptures, myths, symbols, and treasures, socio-political impact, and internal conflicts or scandals. Focusing on ethnographic and cultural perspectives, the book examines how these groups-emerging during Korea's post-war purification movement-define themselves: the Bomun order, the Jingak order, the Cheontae order, the Taego order, the Jogye order, International Moral Association (IMA), and Deasoon Jinrihoe. Despite Korea's turbulent journey through dictatorship, industrialisation, and democratisation, these new religious movements have demonstrated remarkable social resilience and engagement.

This work will be an essential resource for scholars and students of Buddhist Studies, Korean Studies, Anthropology, Sociology, Cultural Studies, Religious Studies, and Political Science. It will also appeal to policymakers, religious practitioners, and general readers interested in Asian spirituality, cultural identity, and the interplay between tradition and modernity. By focusing on understudied contemporary sectarian movements, it addresses a significant gap in English-language scholarship and provides a framework for understanding how religious innovation operates within, and contributes to, the civic and political life of democratic Korea.

Critically examining China's Targeted Poverty Alleviation campaign, this book challenges the dominant narrative of a complete victory over poverty. Drawing on extensive fieldwork across multiple provinces, it examines how the Chinese state conceptualizes and acts upon poverty as a technical, de-politicized issue, often through disruptive interventions such as mass resettlement.

Drawing attention to the uncertain and enduring consequences of campaign-style governance, the book provides fresh insights into Chinese politics, development and political geography. It offers a different way of thinking about poor people and poor places in China, essential for researchers focused on poverty management and state power.

This volume offers a new explanation as to why Latin American and Caribbean governments respond so differently to the growing presence in the Western Hemisphere of the People's Republic of China. Rather than treating the region as a passive recipient of Chinese influence, this book demonstrates that domestic institutional conditions, state capacity, political stability and economic fundamentals systematically shape how governments interpret, negotiate and position themselves toward Chinese diplomatic engagement.

Drawing on a large corpus of diplomatic speeches, topic modelling, set-theoretic comparison and focused case studies of Chile, Venezuela and Mexico, the volume identifies four distinct response profiles and traces the mechanisms that produce them. It further shows that all autonomy strategies operate within a domain-differentiated constraint environment structured by US hemispheric preponderance, where the costs of engaging China vary sharply across policy domains.

The volume makes for essential reading for scholars and advanced students in international relations, international political economy and Latin American studies, providing a rigorous framework for understanding how smaller states navigate great-power competition under structural constraint.

A groundbreaking feminist and decolonial reading of Edouard Glissant

Forces of Creolization reads Edouard Glissant's poetic and philosophical work through a feminist, decolonial lens, foregrounding creolization as a force of resistance, relationality, and submerged becoming. Drawing on Caribbean poststructuralism, Black feminist thought, and Global South epistemologies, Ruthanne Soohee Kim unveils a method of reading Glissant that centers diffraction, opacity, and errantry-not merely as metaphors but as political and poetic strategies.

Reading Glissant alongside Luce Irigaray, Sylvia Wynter, Saidiya Hartman, and Kamau Brathwaite, Kim shows how creolization resists colonial genealogies, racial essentialism, and patriarchal closure. With her close readings of Glissant's novels, essays, and theoretical writings, Kim theorizes the abyss, the open boat, and the Medusing shoreline as sites where historical trauma becomes creative insurgency. Here, chaos, revolt, and carnival emerge as generative forces of world-making. Forces of Creolization offers an interdisciplinary framework for rethinking kinship, identity, and futurity, and contributes a necessary feminist aperture to Caribbean thought.

Examining the emergence of international public health policy between the 1930s and 80s, this book sheds light on the role that rural community health initiatives in South and Southeast Asia played in the movement towards 'primary health care' and 'health for all,' articulated ultimately at the 1978 International Conference on Primary Health Care in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan. The author argues that the movement was not directed exclusively from the headquarters of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, but also by institutions such as the Rockefeller Foundation's International Health Division in rural Southeast Asia, and through local community initiatives including the Bandung Plan for Health in Indonesia. The book illustrates how an exclusive association of global health with the emergence of the WHO in the 1950s fails to account for the local, national, or regional contexts that shaped the evolution of primary health care in South and Southeast Asia.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of Medan's development, blending rigorous research with narrative flair to recreate the historical ambience of the city and its people. Divided into three sections, the book delves into the evolution of Medan and its strategic role in the plantation economy, examines the lives and contributions of its prominent Chinese community, and follows the rise and fall of European and Chinese enterprises.

The book draws upon multiple historical archives from the Netherlands, Indonesia, Singapore, China, Switzerland, and many more, combined with images and interviews. Together, these resources provide a compelling backdrop to the narratives of influential figures and also everyday people. By situating local developments within the broader context of global events-such as economic and political shifts in Asia-the book provides a thorough understanding of Medan's role as a truly cosmopolitan city in the Dutch Indies. The book is designed to invite readers into a unique past, using language and place names of the era to enhance authenticity.

A panoramic historical account of India's ascent in the global fossil economy

India is today one of the world's largest producers and consumers of fossil fuels, driving new investments in the global fossil economy and achieving record-breaking levels of coal extraction at home. As the planet burns from climate change, this entrenchment of fossil fuel dependence has left many searching for how we arrived at this point. Until the Last Ton provides a sweeping new appraisal of this planetary dilemma, uncovering how India became part of an emerging fossil capitalism that continues to shape the present.

Matthew Shutzer recasts the origins of the fossil economy by showing how European industrialization unleashed a global search for fossil energy in the colonial world. Placing India at the center of this history, Shutzer traces how the highland forests of eastern India became early frontiers for global coal investment, transforming this landscape into the largest site of imperial overseas coal production across a century of colonial rule. At the heart of these shifts was a legal framework of subterranean property, which redefined local relations of land ownership and social power, while tying the growth of India's fossil economy to the progressive ecological destruction of the forest frontier.

Following these dynamics into the postcolonial period, Until the Last Ton reveals the enduring impacts of colonial property on independent India's energy history, shedding new light on postwar struggles for energy development and resource sovereignty, as well as the violent conflicts over mining dispossession that have haunted India's economic ascent in an age of climate crisis.

This book covers the low fertility in China that has drawn wide attention and exerts a far-reaching influence on the population development. In this book, with population census and sample survey data, and mathematical demographic methods and statistical methods, the authors systematically examined China's fertility levels over the past decades, fertility patterns, changes in birth numbers, projected the future population and simulated the 4-2-1 family structure and families bereaved of their only child. The authors developed a series of models and methods, got some important results, and drew some important conclusions, which provides reference for understanding the changing trend in China's fertility levels and patters, and for further relaxing China's fertility policy.

This book challenges the long-prevailing interpretation of China's legal tradition as "virtue given priority over penalty," arguing that this proposition is a projection of modern Western rule-of-law discourse and fails to accurately reveal the structure of traditional Chinese legal thought. The author introduces the concept of "virtue as foundation, penalty as function"-framing "virtue" as the bedrock of ruling legitimacy, moral education, and social self-governance, while "penalty" serves as a necessary tool for upholding order. It offers a novel theoretical framework for scholars and interested readers worldwide to re-examine China's legal heritage and its embedded governance wisdom.

This book offers a deeply grounded ethnographic account of the women coal workers in Jharia-known locally as Kamins-whose labor sustains one of India's most hazardous extractive frontiers. Moving beyond narratives of victimhood or romanticized resilience, the study situates their lives within the historical evolution of India's coal economy, from colonial expansion and post-independence nationalization to contemporary regimes of subcontracting, informalization, and ecological degradation. It reveals how women's apparent "disappearance" from formal mining work is not a simple retreat but the outcome of institutional reclassification, managerial practices, and gendered-caste hierarchies that reorganize labor, risk, and recognition in the coal industry. The Kamins' experiences illuminate how extraction is governed through everyday bureaucratic and political mechanisms that are deeply shaped by the intersection of gender, caste, and class, structuring who is seen as a legitimate worker, whose injuries are acknowledged, and whose labor remains invisible. Foregrounding these layered exclusions, the book demonstrates that mining ecologies are not only environmental but also social and institutional terrains where toxicity, precarity, and dispossession are unevenly distributed. Rather than presenting the coalfields as an isolated site of exploitation, the book situates Jharia within broader national and global energy regimes, showing how the demand for cheap coal is sustained through institutionalized invisibility and differential exposure to harm. By centering the knowledge, strategies, and political insights of the Kamins, the study rethinks labor politics in extractive economies and offers a critical account of how survival itself becomes a mode of analysis and resistance. This book will be of interest to researchers in gender studies, sociology of labor, feminist political economy, feminist ecology, and development studies.

In an era where digital media profoundly shapes our perceptions, values, and identities, Digital Dialogues offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationships between media, culture, and society in the Arab region. This book delves into the multifaceted roles of new media platforms, examining how they influence public opinion, cultural representation, and social dynamics.

Bringing together contributions from leading scholars and practitioners, the book provides a rich tapestry of research and case studies that highlight the opportunities and challenges presented by digital media. It offers a nuanced understanding of how media practices are reshaping cultural narratives and influencing societal change in the Arab world.

Digital Dialogues is essential reading for students, researchers, and professionals interested in media studies, cultural studies, and communication, as well as anyone seeking to understand the transformative power of digital media in contemporary society.

The 'Technological Innovation and Sustainability for Business Competitive Advantage' series emphasises the scientific exploration of business challenges faced by organisations while offering practical solutions. By contributing to the development and enhancement of business theories and practices and by promoting scientific research in technological innovation and sustainability the volumes facilitate meaningful dialogues among academics, practitioners and individuals. Furthermore, they provide valuable recommendations for institutional improvement.

Explores the history of the "science of development" during the Cold War and how experts across the social sciences tried to create the tools to address the problem of poverty across Latin America.

In the mid-twentieth century, Latin America had the world's starkest internal inequality. In Brazil in 1960, for example, the top 10% took upwards of 60% of the country's total income, while its entire bottom half took only 10%. As Patrick Iber shows in Poverty of the Imagination, this problem of poverty and social inequality focused the attention of social scientists on the task of articulating a "science of development." In the context of the Cold War, this project drew the attention of the U.S. government and the Ford Foundation, which hoped that peaceful development would prevent revolutions.

This book examines the five central frameworks that emerged to explain poverty: from dependency theory on the Marxist left to theories of modernization, the culture of poverty, and marginality in the center, to neoliberalism on the right. Iber shows how each rose (and fell) by connecting to political projects, from the War on Poverty in the United States to the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet in Chile. Through vivid portraits of key thinkers, he shows how each was shaped by the environment of the Cold War and the presence of the Ford Foundation. It is a story with surprising turns: what began for Ford as a Cold War project to support university "modernization" changed as dictatorships took control of much of the region. Then, Ford took the side of the dissidents, supporting an anti-poverty agenda for the restoration of democracy. A guide to some of the most important ideas in global development and Latin American studies alike, this book also shows how scholars and institutions faced down authoritarian threats-and won.

This multidisciplinary volume explores the multifaceted nature of inequality in Jamaica and other Latin American and Caribbean countries, offering nuanced solutions to address the persistently high inequality in the Global South. With a critical focus on Jamaica given its high levels of inequality linked to crime, social discontent, and persistent poverty, the collection also considers the broader context of Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting the region's heterogeneity and the unique challenges faced by different countries.

The book demonstrates that inequality is not confined to the distribution of income (which largely dominates the literature), but also affects access to technological advancement, gender justice, time allocation in the household between men and women, and human rights consideration for young people. The contributors offer evidence-based solutions to address inequality in the Global South.

By examining the intersection of various domains such as human rights, youth empowerment, technology, and gender disparity, the book provides a comprehensive understanding of how these dimensions interact and affect different demographic groups. Intersecting Inequalities in Jamaica and Beyond is essential reading for policymakers, academics, and anyone interested in understanding and addressing the root causes of inequality in the Global South.

Crime in the Colonial City explores how and where colonial law take its shape by turning to the eighteenth-century courts, homes, and streets of the Indian cities of Pondichery and Chandernagor, two bustling and diverse French-ruled towns. By uncovering the dramatic details of five criminal investigations, Danna Agmon reveals how experiences with French law in India allowed colonized residents and their allies to assert control over their own fates by exploiting the flexibility - and weakness - of the French legal system, itself an aspirational symbol of colonial state power.

In theory, all residents of the French-ruled towns in India, regardless of their national, linguistic, ethnic, or religious background, were subject to French legal codes and the French Crown's sovereignty and jurisdiction. Reality, however, was more flexible. Crime in the Colonial City provides a never-before gained understanding of the social fabric of French colonialism in India, while also exploring the limits of legal institutions in the making of imperial sovereignty.

This book explores Indonesia's vibrant Death Metal underground, which, by many accounts, is the largest in the world. The peak of Indonesia's Death Metal scene occurred between 2009 and 2013, centered in Bandung, the capital of West Java, a city long known for its art and culture. This book traces the development of the scene in Bandung and other East Javanese cities like Surabaya, Malang, and Kediri, as well as the more conservative Madura Island. It examines the relationships between these scenes through the lens of governing myth and mythscape, focusing on how Bandung came to dominate the national and even regional scene, and the response from East Javanese cities. Drawing on over 90 interviews with more than 60 Indonesian bands, conducted between 2011 and the present, this book offers an in-depth look at this unique musical subculture.

This book offers a unique analysis of the economic and political rise of the BRICS. It examines their contribution to the global economy and international institutions, as well as their contrasting interests and agendas. The BRICS' place within the global order is acknowledged to highlight the role they have in promoting sustainable development, encouraging South-South cooperation, developing new technologies, and participating in global governance. Understanding the trajectories of these emerging economies is essential for identifying new responses to contemporary global challenges.

Moving beyond Western-centric perspectives, the book explores both the opportunities and constraints facing the BRICS and other emerging economies, while also emphasizing the importance of identifying common ground to address present and future global issues. It will be of interest to students, scholars, and policymakers working in development economics, global governance, and international relations.

This book addresses Saudi Arabia's aspirations and challenges as they look toward democratic transformation. The book examines the country's political history, economics, international relations, and the state of freedom and human rights. Research and writing on this topic have expanded widely since 9/11. Many researchers have tried to study Saudi Arabian society, state, politics, and religion to understand some aspects of Saudi Arabia. Still, despite the insistence of this research agenda, the existing literature consists primarily of standalone journal articles scattered across different disciplinary fields. Readers and researchers, therefore, lack a comprehensive, in-depth examination of the challenges and prospects for the possibility of transition toward democracy in Saudi Arabia. There's a rich history of democratic movement in Saudi Arabia that is overlooked and to date not well documented or publicized, which goes against the most common assumption that Saudi Arabia or its citizens are not yet ready for democracy. What can we learn from the achievements and failures of democratic mobilization in Saudi Arabia about the future prospects of democracy? What are the implications and significance of this study's findings on democratic transformation in Saudi Arabia and the region? Why is it important to have a volume that brings together articles and writings on the topic? Our proposed volume, The Quest for Democracy in Saudi Arabia, bridges this gap. By bringing together pioneering scholars on the topic, the book will provide a comprehensive overview of the quest for democracy in Saudi Arabia and its challenges. In so doing, the book makes novel empirical and theoretical contributions to discussions of challenges to democracy in Saudi Arabia, state repression, economy, international relations, and social movements. Given its scope and timeliness, the book will appeal to scholars and practitioners alike, including those who study democracy, authoritarianism, international relations, and studies in the Middle East; political science; sociologists interested in mobilization, civil society, and migration; legal and human rights advocates; and policymakers concerned with democracy and authoritarianism.

This book is a sociological critique of colonialism and its successors as applied to Highland Burma. This is a subject which has long-attracted outsiders interested in "developing" the highlands, and integrating them into the capitalist world system. Among those who have tried (and failed) to "govern", in the modern sense, are British colonial powers beginning in the nineteenth century, Japanese militarists, Burmese nationalists and militarists, American CIA agents, Chinese engineers, and United Nations bureaucrats. All have failed to reach their goals for "development." The result is a series of failed political, infrastructure, and economic experiments.

The book distinguishes itself from others by starting with an assumption that the development of Myanmar's highlands is a result of flawed policies by outsiders, rather than the lack of development and governance by the highlanders themselves. Despite the success of such policies in many other countries of Europe, Asia, and elsewhere, Highland Burma remains a place that is ungovernable by international standards. The distinctive questions are two-fold. First, why have the outsiders so persistently promoted policies which seemingly inevitably failed? And second, what does the response of highlanders themselves tell about what James C. Scott calls "The Art of not Being Governed?" Such questions are largely left out of the reams of consultancy reports produced about Myanmar development, politics, governance, and economy during the last 30 years.