文化・社会人類学 — 全 下位分類

Combines anthropology's four subfields to explore what it means to be human

Introduction to Holistic Anthropology invites students to rediscover anthropology as Franz Boas once envisioned it - a unified discipline that integrates biological, historical, linguistic, and cultural perspectives to understand human diversity and commonality. In contrast to the fragmented state of the field today, where sub-disciplines often operate in isolation, this innovative textbook emphasizes a holistic approach that encourages readers to see the connections between different aspects of human life. John Forrest and Badger Forrest-Blincoe confront the challenge of making sense of anthropology's "post-everything" landscape by shifting the focus from what anthropology is not to what it can be: a rigorous, integrative inquiry into the many dimensions of human existence.

Drawing on decades of combined teaching and research experience across six continents, the authors explore anthropology's enduring questions about human nature, cultural variation, and the interplay of biology and learning. This book challenges students to consider how anthropologists build knowledge, where disagreements arise, and how the very foundations of the discipline can be contested and conceptualized.

Offering an accessible yet comprehensive framework that prompts learners to think across disciplinary boundaries, Introduction to Holistic Anthropology:

• Addresses the fragmentation of the discipline and offers strategies for reconnecting its branches
• Draws on fieldwork and teaching experience spanning six continents
• Frames key questions in clear and engaging language for those new to the subject
• Fosters analytical thinking and respectful debate
• Highlights anthropology's relevance to contemporary global issues and intercultural understanding
• Supports interdisciplinary thinking that connects anthropology to other fields of study

Introduction to Holistic Anthropology is designed for undergraduate students in introductory anthropology courses, particularly at the first- and second-year level. Suitable for degrees in anthropology, sociology, history, and global studies, it provides a solid foundation for understanding human cultures and diversity.

This conference proceedings, Opportunities for Heritage: Fostering Innovation, Conservation and Sustainability, is the outcome of the first international conference with the same title. The challenges in the pursuit of heritage protection and sustainable development are closely intertwined with the intricate relationship between social and economic environments, often clashing with the need to preserve heritage. It became apparent that further discussions are needed to address the pressing issues facing World Heritage around the world. This book documents the discourse on the interlinkages of heritage and sustainable development by bringing together researchers, practitioners and stakeholders from the fields of heritage at multiple levels to explore the opportunities heritage offers in implementing the UN agenda 2030, and the innovative solutions created to efficiently manage it. It highlights experiences in management including tourism management, the interlinkage between tangible and intangible heritage, living heritage, heritage digitalization and the economic opportunities provided by heritage.

The work also addresses the questions of how to meet the needs and aspirations of the communities central to the sustainable management of heritage and their development aspirations. Overall, it emphasizes the importance of heritage for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and for building peace and creating resilient communities, aiming to be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the field of heritage.

Drawing on historical and contemporary ethnographic research, this edited collection addresses tangible and intangible forms of urban heritage, their impact on urban policies, and their consequences for urban life, both at individual and social levels. The chapters look at culturally diverse concepts of heritage in their social and historical context, bringing out the potential conflict that cultural memories and ideological approaches may generate and the related processes of social and political legitimation. The book offers different perspectives on how culturally driven urban policies interlink with power dynamics. It will contribute to understanding how memory practices may reflect changing historical narratives, political and ideological projects, and the (re)definition of social identities. This book is of special interest to scholars and students of anthropology, sociology, urban history, ethnographic research, material culture, social and political sciences, and archaeology.

This book examines heritage reconstruction and its relationship to community recovery after cultural trauma. Its content and structure situate it within a new body of theory concerned to shift focus from physical buildings and ensembles to people, from the material to the social. The contributions integrate the social meaning of heritage with the subjective feelings and needs of individuals engaged in processing cultural trauma. The collection of studies touches upon sociological, psychological, healing, and anthropological dimensions of heritage recovery.

The new question that this book brings to the heritage discourse is: Can cultural heritage serve as a medium for healing societal trauma? The volume is divided into five thematic sections: 1. Coming to terms with the past; 2. Inclusiveness; 3. Building Resilience; 4. People in Focus; 5. Crossing borders. The nexus between people and heritage is explored through case studies on diverse recovery contexts - Bosnia, Gazza, Syria, Iraq, Uganda, Albania, Nepal, Zanzibar, Lebanon - different practices of international organisations, and formative documents of contemporary international doctrine. Difficult issues of justice, ethics, human rights, sustainable development, and the lengthy process of coming to terms with life after trauma are brought into contact with technical challenges and cultural, historical, and economic contexts. The book establishes the theory of inclusive heritage discourse, which reconciles informal heritage practices and authorised heritage discourse, and will be relevant for academic researchers, students and professionals in the field of heritage studies but also in conflict, human rights, and humanitarian studies.

This book offers an updated version of Garbology (Archaeology of Garbage), a subfield of archaeology that critically examines modern waste and consumerism. It weaves academic rigor with the author's personal narratives and experiences in the field. The work contains facts and evidence from multiple communities and considers the author's journey from being a politically marginalized professor in Iran to co-founding a garbology-centered startup in Sweden.

This perspective offers a compelling narrative, accessible not just to scholars but to anyone seeking a new way to explore and discuss modern civilization's wicked problems. What distinguishes this work is its practical approach: it not only critiques consumer behaviors but also offers actionable solutions through an archaeological lens. With detailed case studies, the author positions garbology as a transformative tool for grassroots activism and social change. Ultimately, A New Garbology Manifesto serves as a powerful call to action, highlighting the deep connections between waste, socio-economic inequality, and environmental justice. It equips scholars, policymakers, and NGOs with practical strategies to tackle hyperconsumerism and climate challenges across both the Global South and North.

This book offers a comprehensive corpus and analysis of all the Formosan 'Shooting the Sun' myths. The 'Shooting the Sun' myths describe a series of historical events in mythology that is preceded by the origins of man myths and followed by the deluge myths. These diverse mythologemes are an integral part of the national culture in Taiwan, particularly among the Austronesian tribes. The myths continue to be the subjects of contemporary art exhibits, literary works, public works, performances, and political protests, and remain essential tribal icons upon which various ritualistic practices are founded. Ninety 'Shooting the Sun' myths from over forty different sources published between 1903 and 2024 covering all of Taiwan's tribes are anthologized and explored in this book.

This book addresses the pressing challenges of the twenty-first century-an era marked by crises and uncertainty-by advocating for anthropology's vital role in fostering compassionate intercultural dialogue and promoting harmonious coexistence between humanity and the non-human world. Through a collection of thought-provoking essays, it explores how non-Western perspectives, particularly Chinese methodologies, can enrich anthropological practice and help transcend the limitations imposed by Western-centric paradigms. Rather than replacing one form of ethnocentrism with another, the book calls for a more balanced and inclusive conversation across cultures.

Within this framework, anthropology is reimagined not merely as the interpretation or writing of culture, but as an active process of cultural communication, negotiation, and reconciliation. True intercultural understanding, the book argues, can only be achieved when diverse cultural subjects engage in dialogue on equal footing-making the "doing" of anthropology a collaborative and transformative endeavor.

This magical narrative aims to take you on a journey following a golden string first written about by the eighteenth-century poet, artist and shaman William Blake. Focused on my experience of such a journey as an anthropologist researching magic, it details the effects of my own shamanic soul loss and eventual soul retrieval. Both personal and universal, it combines multiple forms of knowledge encountered through more-than-human realms of the inspirited imagination that have resonance with how we live today.

This book considers why Taiwan matters independent of the China-centric paradigm by both examining anthropological research on Taiwan as well as how to study Taiwan anthropologically, re-asserting the ontological status of Taiwan as a legitimate object of scholarly inquiry.

There is a prevailing sense that commercial Superhero Comics cannot be serious objects of academic enquiry. It is the hallowed graphic novel, with its auteur/author, for which serious work is reserved.

This volume presents the work of three publishing houses who publish Superhero Comics in Delhi and Mumbai. It analyses their techniques of narration associated with the serial publication of commercial comics such as open-ended plots, frequent re-boots of the storyline, extended story arcs, and a complex narrative universe to throw into sharper relief the value of superhero comic books as distinct from the graphic novel. Through an exploration of commercial Superhero Comics, the authors wish to draw attention to a fluidity embedded in Superhero Comics, which is influenced by external pressures of distribution and production that are generally ignored in the desire to view a comic text as a discrete and disembodied whole. Superhero Comics then emerge as a post-modern vehicle to test serious socio-political issues in the mode of fantasy.

This ethnographic attempt to understand the contexts of production, circulation, and consumption of Superhero Comics will be of interest to comics scholars, students of popular culture, sociology, social anthropology, literature, and the arts.

Heritage Forensics introduces a new framework for investigating cultural heritage caught up in war, ethnic cleansing, and secrecy. The book combines satellite-based spatial analysis with humanistic research and humanitarian concern to document the impact of the protracted conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan on the medieval and modern heritagescape of the South Caucasus. Drawing on the findings of Caucasus Heritage Watch, the authors demonstrate how cultural erasure, looting, and violence have inflicted harm on historical sites and the descendant communities for whom they hold enduring significance.

Out of the forensic materials provided by the Nagorno-Karabakh wars, Lori Khatchadourian, Adam T. Smith, Ian Lindsay, and Husik Ghulyan offer a reflexive approach for bearing witness to abuses of cultural heritage that emphasizes historical and political context and the careful use of powerful technologies in an era of post-truths. Heritage Forensics establishes a model for investigating cultural heritage threatened by political violence and is an invaluable resource for scholars, journalists, activists, and policymakers alike.

Between the Buddha and the New Tsar is an ethnography of contemporary urban Buddhism in Buryatia, a republic within the Russian Federation. Kristina Jonutyte shows how - in this ethnically and religiously diverse borderland region - Buryat Buddhists are caught between an oppressive, militant Russian regime and the tenacity of local religious and cultural forms. As Jonutyte narrates, historically Buryat Buddhism has been tightly linked with the Russian state ever since the imperial period, a relationship with mutual interest and benefits. Yet everyday Buddhist practices point to a more complex picture, shedding light on precarity, minoritization, struggles for cultural sovereignty, and infrapolitical religious forms. Between the Buddha and the New Tsar reveals the important ways in which the urban setting is not just a backdrop to Buddhism, but that religion and the city are intertwined and mutually impactful.

This book offers an anthropological inquiry into the labor underpinning immigration detention in Sweden, examining the daily practices, institutional efforts, and forms of knowledge production that sustain the detention regime.

Drawing upon fieldwork involving time spent with detention workers while wearing a uniform, the author offers a rare, immersive perspective, providing insights from detention departments, offices, meetings, training sessions, isolation cells, and control rooms. By situating these practices in relation to the European and international deportation industry, the book analyses how detention is not only executed but also increasingly optimized and made the subject of social scientific understanding. Through this lens, the study sheds light on the operational procedures that shape contemporary immigration control. By bringing Martin Heidegger's critique of modern technology into dialogue with this anthropological study of detention work, the book offers an analytical lens on how technology shapes not only practice but perception. Rather than treating technological systems within detention as tools to be studied, this book foregrounds the idea that technological thinking preconditions how detention is conceived, analyzed, and understood.

Anthropology and Immigration Detention Work in Sweden is suitable for scholars of incarceration, immigration, and deportation, particularly in Nordic and European contexts.

Ancient Lives is an engaging and accessible textbook that introduces complete beginners to the fascinating worlds of archaeology and prehistory through sites of key significance and the world's first civilizations.

Opening with an introduction to the basic principles, methods, and theoretical approaches of archaeology, the book then provides a summary of world prehistory from a global perspective, exploring human origins and the reality of life in the prehistoric world. Later chapters explore the development of agriculture and animal domestication, and the emergence of cities and state-level societies across the globe. The new edition updates and reflects the latest thinking through numerous updates of case studies, discoveries, and advances in methods and theory. In addition to comprehensive revisions throughout the book, new sections on the relevance of archaeology to contemporary society and issues are included.

Ancient Lives continues to be a comprehensive and essential introduction to archaeology and is an ideal textbook for students studying archaeology and prehistory for the first time.

This accessible guide introduces readers to the essential process of collecting, organizing, testing, and interpreting quantitative data in biological anthropology and archaeology. Written in straightforward language, it avoids complex mathematical theory and programming jargon in favor of practical application, making statistical concepts approachable for students and researchers at all levels.

Through relevant anthropological and archaeological examples, readers learn critical data analysis skills, including determining sample sizes, identifying outliers, handling missing data, testing normality, evaluating hypotheses, and estimating effect size and statistical power. All techniques are demonstrated using R Statistics and other free, open-source software, providing hands-on experience with industry-standard tools without additional cost.

This concise volume bridges the gap between theoretical statistics and real-world application, equipping readers with the fundamental skills needed to conduct and interpret their own research in biological anthropology and archaeology. This book will be perfect for undergraduate and graduate students new to quantitative methods, researchers returning to the field, and instructors seeking a practical supplement for statistics and research methods courses.

Vital Ties depicts an emergent form of intimacy with the dead mediated by digital technologies. In southern Australia, a game developer crafts a virtual reality experience, reuniting his best friend with an avatar of his late father. In Northern California, a woman creates a smartphone app to log moments in which her deceased mother appears. In Chicago, a high school teacher visits her late brother's Facebook page, hypnotized by the shifting content that animates and reanimates him. As digital media offer ways to bring the dead to presence, the living and the dead are haunted in new ways, affecting relationships to both media and death. Lyrical and moving, Vital Ties offers a powerful rethinking of death, memory, and mediation in the digital age.

Near and Desired Things reveals nineteenth-century Siberian museums, built on Indigenous land and increasingly populated by political exiles, as active sites of ethnographic knowledge-making and centers of scientific research, regional identity, and colonial authority. Rather than collecting from distant colonies, these institutions concentrated on surrounding communities, their tools, beliefs, and everyday lives, to configure ideas about what counted as legitimate knowledge.

Marisa Karyl Franz traces how Siberian museums helped construct shamanism as an ethnographic category. Shamans, while familiar and embedded in local space, were recast as icons of cultural otherness or representatives of an imagined primitive past. Through the evolving languages of science, anthropology, and empire, the local was abstracted and exported, feeding global museum networks and shaping modern anthropology. Yet, the museums held onto the intimacy of place, preserving tensions between familiarity and spectacle, documentation and desire.

By placing Siberia at the center of a broader intellectual and political history, Near and Desired Things challenges assumptions about where modern knowledge is made and redefines provincial spaces as sites of innovation and as forces that reshape the terms of empire.

Social and cultural factors can strongly influence how we approach death and dying, including attitudes towards death, rituals and practices surrounding death, and end-of-life care.

Current knowledge in death studies tends to be influenced by Western views, which can limit its application to policy and practice. The increasing diversity and plurality of populations around the world requires further attention to be paid to diversifying evidence and knowledge to ensure that it effectively serves its beneficiaries. This book provides cutting-edge discourses and debates on death studies as a global and international field of research and practice. By hosting the space for interdisciplinary, international contributions, especially from under-represented groups, it advances our exploration of both knowledge outside of the colonised and the degree of the current knowledge's applicability in the field. Offering a truly innovative contribution to the field through its clear emphasis on decolonising methodologies and perspectives, it highlights decolonisation as a central framework, and pushes boundaries and challenges established norms, paving the way for new and transformative conversations within death studies.

Through its collaborative and interdisciplinary approach, the proposal breaks new ground by bringing together a diverse range of perspectives and voices, fostering rich dialogue and promoting inclusivity. This innovative approach promises to catalyse meaningful change and advance critical scholarship in death studies. It will be of interest to all undergraduate and postgraduate courses on death studies across both humanities and social sciences.

This book presents a comprehensive scientific reconstruction of human evolution, offering an original and integrative explanation for the emergence of the traits that define our species. It explores the evolutionary roots of a remarkable range of human characteristics-from our hairless skin, nuanced facial expressions, and emotional vocalizations to male and female sexuality, language, creativity, consciousness, social norms, laughter, and sense of humor.

Rather than focusing on details of stone technologies and skull shapes, this theoretical study employs a rigorous evolutionary framework, grounded in explicitly stated principles, a coherent conceptual apparatus of psychological and social concepts, and a systematic methodology for evaluating evidence. Drawing on the extended evolutionary synthesis-including cultural drive, multilevel selection, and niche construction-the author weaves together insights from paleoscience, biology, psychology, and anthropology to trace the key forces and transitions that shaped our species.

The book introduces and synthesizes key concepts such as challenge-response dynamics, concerns-and-structures coevolution, trial-and-fixation mechanisms, self-domestication, operant conditioning, normativity, and internalization. It reconstructs the pivotal evolutionary phases of human development-from the "African springboard" to the transformative Upper Paleolithic revolution-highlighting how daily survival concerns, child-rearing, intergroup competition and alliance formation catalyzed evolutionary change.

Special attention is given to the role of group and sexual selection, the development of symbolic communication and social regulation, and the fixation of traits through genetic mechanisms. The book sheds light on often overlooked evolutionary phenomena, including the emergence of adolescence, life cycle formation, female mobility across groups, the difference between male and female eroticism, and the institutionalization of property and mating norms.

A concluding philosophical chapter portrays human nature as a paradoxical blend of the endless openness and deeply embedded ancestral legacies. The author offers speculative reflections on how the evolutionary past continues to shape contemporary challenges-religiosity, sexuality, ethnic conflict, organized violence, and even our capacity for laughter and humor.

A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press's Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more.

Growing concerns over pesticide exposure have fueled calls for stricter regulations. Yet governments-often constrained by the pressures of global markets-frequently fall short of implementing effective controls. The Sovereign Poison explores the failed efforts of both the European Parliament and the Sri Lankan government to ban glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide. Introducing the concept of "poisoncraft," Tom Widger delves into the cultural beliefs and practices surrounding poison that played a key role in these controversies, and traces humanity's long and complex relationship with toxic substances. Using a wide-angle anthropological lens, this book examines poison in its many forms-as a tool of witchcraft and magic, a language of value and exchange, a discourse of nationalist politics, and a foundational element of the global food system. By illuminating the intersections of science, politics, and regulation with public demands for sovereign control, Widger reveals the deeper cultural logics and power dynamics that underpin the global governance of pesticides.

This landmark volume offers a bold response from the East to the Western classic The Golden Bough, bringing Chinese perspectives into the global conversation on comparative mythology.

Through a close examination of the culturally distinctive motif of the "Jade Leaf", the author reinterprets the foundational narratives of ancient China and highlights the symbolic and civilizational role of jade in shaping East Asian identity. By bridging disciplines such as mythology, literature, history, philosophy, religion, art, and anthropology, the book constructs a uniquely Chinese mythological coding system-one that challenges conventional boundaries and offers fresh insight into the spiritual and cultural imagination of ancient China.