文化・社会人類学 — 全 下位分類

Restitution From A Global Perspective: Memory, Identity and Politics provides a critical, global analysis of the ongoing discussions and debates that promote or hinder restitution. Chapters within the book are authored by a diverse, international group of well-established thinkers in this area and cover a wide range of subjects, including decolonization, democratization, reparation, repatriation, post-colonialism, human rights, migration and globalization.

Taking a truly global approach, the book considers the role of restitution in the production of local and national histories and religious and cultural practices. It will also critically examine the embedded national, regional and geopolitical implications of the debate, arguing that it is no longer only a North-South or African-Europe phenomenon, but an interregional and intercontinental issue. Providing a critical look at the roles of museums and the exhibition of heritage properties, the book also examines the narratives accompanying objects in current use, considering how they influence the discussion on restitution. The various conventions and other international and local instruments that have been put in place will also be under scrutiny, as contributors consider whether they facilitate or hinder the restitution process.

Restitution From A Global Perspective: Memory, Identity and Politics is essential reading for academics and researchers, as well as students, of heritage studies, museology, cultural diplomacy, history and anthropology.

An Archaeology of Ireland in the Age of Improvement offers the first dedicated archaeological examination of Improvement in Ireland. It explores the rhetoric and practice of 'improving' the country through its landscape, built heritage, artefacts and changing routines; and asks whether Irish Improvement can be considered distinctive.

The volume brings together archaeologists with substantial experience in Irish post-medieval studies to evaluate the place of Improvement within archaeological discourses of historical capitalism and colonialism. It views the Improvement ethic as a manifestation of European enlightenment thinking that had far-reaching material and societal implications and explores, in Ireland's turbulent and contested circumstances, how it was adopted as a justification for attempts to effect far-reaching social, cultural and moral transformations. The themes under examination include Gaelic responses to Improvement, changes to urban and rural settings, developing industries and the social worlds of artefacts and funerary practices. Across seven chapters the book provides a synthesis of emerging work on this crucial aspect of post-medieval Ireland.

The book will interest historical archaeologists, researchers and students. It will also appeal to historical geographers and the broader historical studies community.

Updated and even more engaging, the fourth edition of Archaeology of the Greater Southwest is a comprehensive and readable summary of the current knowledge of the ancient U.S. Southwest and northwest Mexico.

The book now has a greater coverage of the entire region, including northern Mexico, and focuses more clearly on the human story of the past. Based soundly on scholarly results and collaborations with Indigenous communities, the human experience of the peoples of the Greater Southwest are vividly presented in a way that makes them real. This new edition also highlights some of the new techniques used to scientifically explore these unique lifeways in a way that is clear and concise. The book also provides a more inclusive view of the people involved in excavating and caring for the remains of these lifeways. Evidence from newly excavated sites and reanalysis of previously excavated sites is used throughout the book to provide an up-to-date synthesis that highlights how it has transformed our knowledge of this region.

Archaeology of the Greater Southwest is the ideal textbook for students studying the region and a useful reference guide for professional archaeologists

The Routledge Handbook of Making: Craft-based Research Methods and Pedagogy is a book that celebrates the embodied process of craft methods. It uniquely centralises crafting, the practice of doing and making, as significant to the research project.

The handbook is a gathering together of several wayfaring crafts based scholars across the globe into one 'knot'. It is a celebration of craft from Indigenous, Asian, European, North American, South American, Australia and New Zealand contexts. These scholars provide a rigorous and passionate exploration of the diverse craft-based methods, pedagogies, and range of theoretical lenses they engage with in their research. The chapters demonstrate transdisciplinary approaches to research and pedagogy through crossing disciplinary boundaries and combining academic disciplines and rich theoretical conversations with practical, non(traditional)-academic knowledge to respond to complex real-world problems. Because this book is about making, the authors provide powerful, engaging and useful images as visual text. There are seven sections in the handbook, although with such creative and theoretical work there is also much crossover. The first section is a series of introduction chapters to key thinking about craft histories, craft pedagogies, craft as embodied practiced and a way to connect, crafting as becoming otherwise and craft as bodily thinking. Section two is a focus on Crafting with ancestors, Section three Crafting as decolonial activism, Section four Crafting as pedagogy, Section five Crafting professional identity, Section six Crafting as feminist practice and Section seven Crafting as healing. The Handbook provides a significant marker, a 'stake in the ground', to establish a definitive position for craft as method in scholarly practice and an invitation for other craft wayfarers to gather.

The book is intended for scholars and researchers across disciplines engaged in complex societal issues, including Indigenous, qualitative, decolonial, narrative, postqualitative, critical, practitioner and feminist researchers; for students at all levels of study (undergraduate, Masters, postgraduate); and for more established scholars in academia and other sectors. In is an invite to make.

Examining how Indigenous Dayak communities living within coal mining concessions in Borneo experience and respond to intertwined health and environmental challenges, this book explores how their voices, knowledge, and lived realities can be meaningfully included in the design of local health systems and environmental health initiatives.

Drawing on qualitative fieldwork, the book centres Indigenous standpoints and highlights the importance of local knowledge in shaping more responsive and equitable health design systems. It examines how Dayak communities navigate everyday conditions, negotiate environmental and institutional pressures, and articulate their own visions of health and wellbeing. Engaging both Indigenous perspectives and design approaches from the Global North through the lens of the cultural interface, the book offers a critical account of current health design and environmental systems. It introduces the concept of localised design intention as a way to foreground context, values, and community agency, and to move beyond one-size-fits-all solutions towards approaches that are culturally grounded and socially just.

This book is intended for students, academics, and practitioners in design, health, and environmental fields, as well as policymakers and researchers working with Indigenous communities or interested in inclusive, participatory, and context-sensitive design approaches.

This book offers a fascinating ethnography of Russian Orthodox people and things in outer space, and of outer space in Russian Orthodoxy. It considers how the Russian Orthodox participate in cosmonautics on Earth and in outer space, and how they relate with humans venturing off Earth in their religious practices on Earth. The book's central ethnographic concern is the practice of sending icons to the International Space Station. Building on existing anthropological theory of Orthodox material culture, the author argues that icons are model objects that instruct the Orthodox in how to grasp God in all created things around them and, accordingly, how to orient themselves in the creation towards communion with God. Whatever one does for a living, including technoscientific research and flying to outer space, icons serve as a constant reminder for the Orthodox to always seek communion with God. Drawing on ethnographic data collected in Russian Orthodox parishes with links to the technoscientific industry of cosmonautics, the volume describes how living cosmonauts practice Orthodoxy and how deceased cosmonauts are remembered as Orthodox exemplars. It is especially relevant to scholars of the anthropology of religion and those interested in the social study of outer space, as well as others working on Orthodox Christianity, material culture, science and technology studies, and Russian and post-Soviet studies.

St. Joseph's Day in New Orleans investigates the origins and evolution of the St. Joseph's Day holiday, revealing its deep connection to the mid-Lent celebration known as Mi-Careme. Initially conceived as a welcome break from Lent's austerity, mid-Lent featured masked balls, dancing, and exuberant public revelry-traditions later associated solely with Mardi Gras. Through a meticulous review of historic newspaper accounts, archival resources, and city records, Laura Guccione shows that, in New Orleans, St. Joseph's Day and mid-Lent were not separate observances but two names for the same festive occasion. In the city's early and antebellum years, this holiday was a communitywide, inclusive event open to a broad cross section of residents.

After the Civil War and Reconstruction, these holidays changed, with celebrations shifting from public gatherings to private, exclusive balls. As Mardi Gras grew larger and more spectacular, gained cultural importance, and changed shape in response to an increasing Anglo-American influence, St. Joseph's Day lost some of its prominence. Still, the holiday persisted as a more scattered, ethnically rooted tradition, gaining new meaning for groups whose histories have often been overlooked in mainstream narratives of New Orleans culture.

The participation of Black masking Indians, who have long taken to the streets on St. Joseph's Night, can be traced to the holiday's mid-Lent origins. Their celebrations are a form of cultural resistance, emphasizing visibility and pride in a city where Black contributions are often overlooked. The Baby Dolls and other culture bearers also contributed to this intricate mix of street performance and celebration over the long history of St. Joseph's Day.

Sicilian immigrants in New Orleans, who connected the holiday to the feast day of Sicily's patron saint, also played a major role in adapting and reshaping St. Joseph's Day. Through the building of elaborate St. Joseph's altars-traditions brought from Sicily to New Orleans-they found a meaningful way to place themselves within the city's cultural scene. Although St. Joseph's Day is often seen as a shared celebration between Black masking Indians and Sicilian Americans, Guccione argues that the two groups interpret the day differently: One sees it as part of mid-Lent, while the other views it as a sacred feast day. Despite these differences, both groups have historically used St. Joseph's Day as a platform to assert identity, cultural resistance, and community pride.

Discover exciting new research illuminating the most mysterious centuries of British history.

How Roman Britain ended is one of the most controversial questions in British history. Unique among former Roman citizens in Western Europe, the Britons established long-lived kingdoms, resisting 'barbarian' political takeover for centuries. Yet so little is known of them from written records that even the names of most of their kings are effectively lost to history.

Packed with the latest discoveries and ground-breaking research, Professor Ken Dark brings the fascinating, but mysterious, world of these rulers and their kingdoms to life. Archaeological evidence, along with re-analysis of the few existing texts, reveals an unexpectedly sophisticated society, connected to a wider international network of trade and cultural contacts than might until recently have seemed imaginable. Ken Dark demonstrates through the latest archaeological discoveries that Tintagel - an eroded coastal stronghold in Cornwall, closely associated with the later legend of King Arthur - was a royal fortress and trading centre of one of the most important British kingdoms of this period.

This is a historical period filled with memorable characters and stories: from the outraged churchman Gildas, attempting to reform the corrupt rulers he thought threatened civilized life itself, to St. Patrick, who played a major part in converting Ireland to Christianity, to no less than King Arthur - whose historical existence Dark shows to be much more likely than usually supposed.

Who can and should conduct ethnographic research? How can we transform an idea into a research question, and how can that question, in turn, be developed into a research design that produces comprehensible data?

Designing and Conducting Ethnographic Research, Third Edition, is a comprehensive introduction to ethnographic methods. It opens by defining ethnography and considering ethical challenges in the field before exploring major theories and ways of thinking in ethnographic research. The book then offers a general overview of qualitative and quantitative research, including the many different approaches to designing studies, and dives into developing a good research question. A discussion of data collection and analysis are then followed by an exploration of how ethnography is used to solve critical social, health, education, and cultural issues as well as emerging trends in ethnography.

Designing and Conducting Ethnographic Research is the first book in The Ethnographer's Toolkit, a series of texts on how to plan, design, carry out, and use the results of applied ethnographic research.

New to This Edition:
--A new discussion of the decolonization of research and changes in researcher stance sheds light on alternative ethnographic interventions and raises questions of what ethnography could and should be
--New Chapter 10, "Emerging Trends in Ethnography," covers burgeoning uses of artificial intelligence and other digital technologies as well as Indigenous and art-based research approaches and methods
--A new discussion of what research questions are, how they are formulated at different levels, and how they guide data collection enables beginner researchers to create stronger studies
--An exploration of new ethical challenges in the field, including in digital and online research, offers early ethnographers the knowledge and tools to address new and emerging ethical concerns

Zion's Last Frontier is a historical ethnography that documents the uniquely Latter-Day Saints (Mormon) ranching community around Capitol Reef National Park in south-central Utah over the last 150 years.

From the arrival of the first LDS pioneers in the 1870s to fifth- and sixth-generation descendants of those pioneers today, anthropologist Thomas E. Sheridan documents their ongoing struggles with the federal and state agencies that control 96 percent of the land they ranch. Changing policies and management philosophies profoundly impact the ranchers' livelihoods and ways of life. Sheridan explains how the ranchers qualify as "Traditionally Associated People," allowing them access to park lands where some ranchers still drive their cattle on horseback along the few canyons that cut through the Waterpocket Fold as they move their herds from their traditional summer grazing lands to their winter grazing lands.

Pushing beyond binary arguments, Sheridan offers an empathetic look at the lived experiences of rural communities often mischaracterized in debates over public lands and environmentalism. Tensions have been aggravated by a massive increase in the number of tourists that swarm the area in the warmer months and a steady increase in the number of seasonal residents who build second homes there.

Zion's Last Frontier provides an in-depth look at the clash of cultures between the agrarian Old West and the New West of tourism and second-homers that is playing itself out across so many parts of the rural West today.

Presenting a study of the Galli priests of the Roman cult of Cybele, the Great Mother goddess, this book examines the archaeological evidence to give a clearer picture of the priesthood. The Galli were priests renowned in Antiquity for their crossdressing, mendicant, ecstatic behaviour and their infamous act of self-castration. However, most of our understanding of the Galli comes from an incomplete, fragmentary and scathing literary record. This book aims to rectify this imbalance by re-assessing them in light of the material evidence, and by comparing them with subsequent cultural groups.

Through the use of three comparative case studies from Polynesia, India and North America, this book analyses the ancient social group with these three modern 'gender variant' counterparts to highlight the 'othered' identity and experience of the Galli. The study reveals shared similarities regarding gendered 'other' attire, religious associations and sexual relationships. This approach offers a remarkable insight into the Galli cult, and poses questions on how similar human social groups operate, irrespective of time and place.

The Early Years of Old Main, 1885-1915 details the archaeological discoveries revealed during the 2012-14 renovation of Old Main, which, due to its age and historic records, is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Thanks to detailed excavation work by a team of archaeologists, this work documents eight historic features of the building, ranging from equipment pads to drainage systems. Drawing on archaeological monitoring, artifact analysis, archival records, architectural drawings, and historic photographs, the narrative reconstructs how Old Main functioned during the university's first decades and how its physical spaces supported early scientific instruction in mining, metallurgy, and agriculture.

More than a technical report, this volume offers a tangible glimpse into the material foundations of higher education in territorial and early statehood Arizona. Madsen's careful documentation preserves knowledge of features that could not be saved during renovation and places them in the broader context of Old Main's architectural evolution and its central role on campus. The result is an important resource for historians, archaeologists, preservationists, and anyone who values the University of Arizona's heritage-demonstrating that even the most familiar buildings can still hold untold stories beneath their floors and landscapes.

Discover the social, economic, demographic, and public health impacts that child marriage has within the cultures and countries that practice it.

Around the globe, one in five girls under age 18 are married, and this number can double in areas affected by poverty, conflict, and other humanitarian crises. Child marriage, especially when accompanied by early and frequent pregnancy, often has sharply negative effects on female health, fertility, and mortality. In a wider context, child marriage influences population dynamics, economic development, and many other aspects of the cultures in which it is practiced.

Part I of this book features a collection of essays examining the drivers and consequences of modern-day child marriage. Part II profiles 30 cultures that engage in child marriage around the globe, including in countries across Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. These case studies allow readers to uncover the similarities and differences in patterns of child marriage across cultures and geographies, providing a more nuanced understanding of this complex and controversial subject.

What does tribal sovereignty really mean-and why does it matter today?

Accessibly written for the nonspecialist, acclaimed historian Donald L. Fixico unpacks the complex history and legal foundations of tribal sovereignty in the United States. From traditional Native governance to landmark treaties, federal laws, and court cases, Fixico guides readers through the evolution of tribal self-rule and its modern expressions-from tribal constitutions to license plates and casinos. Designed for students, educators, tribal members, and professionals alike, this book offers a clear, compelling introduction to one of the most important-and often misunderstood-concepts in American Indian affairs.

This book is a go-to source for understanding the federal Indian laws, treaties, and court cases simplified to explain tribal sovereignty.

This book explores the profound impact of spiritual activism within the Chicana feminist movement in Texas. It illuminates how a cohort of Texas Chicanas embraced spiritual activism in pursuit of social change during the movement and into the present day.

The book draws on an array of qualitative methodologies-including interviews, autoethnography, testimonio, platicas, and archival analysis-to develop what the author formulates as "methodologies of the spirit." Focusing on the lived experiences, histories, and spiritual activism of sixteen Chicanas/Tejanas, Sendejo shows how these trailblazing women confronted the enduring impacts and repercussions of colonial legacies in Texas through their involvement in movement initiatives such as electoral politics through Mujeres Por La Raza, the cultural arts movement, developing Chicana feminist thought, and the establishment of bilingual education and Chicana/o studies programs.

The activists highlighted in the book include well-known figures such as Santa Barraza, Norma E. Cantu, Rosie Castro, Martha P. Cotera, and others. Through their work, these activists emerged as architects of their own healing and transformation. Simultaneously, they opened avenues for others to embark on similar journeys reshaping religious practices and unearthing and disseminating spiritual, feminist, and ancestral knowledges.

Exposes the racial hierarchies in how human eggs are marketed and sold

Conceiving Asian Babies offers a compelling and timely exploration of race, identity, reproduction, and capitalism within the industry of human egg donation. Far from being a purely medical or personal matter, egg donation serves as a powerful lens for understanding how race-based hierarchies and racial capitalism operate within one of our most intimate life processes: creating a family.

Daisy Deomampo examines how racial capitalism fundamentally shapes the market for human eggs. By focusing on the ways the egg donation industry constructs race and identity, Deomampo shows how the demand for "Asian eggs" as a commodity reinforces biogenetic understandings of race. By exploring the overt and subtle ways the egg donor market reifies racial identities, the book illuminates the profound and often troubling links between racial capitalism and reproductive projects.

Centering the experiences of women enmeshed in the industry, the book displays how the egg donation industry reinforces racial hierarchies and shapes notions of family and identity for Asian American communities. Offering a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of how race becomes a source of capital, benefit, and risk in the global reproductive market, Conceiving Asian Babies illustrates the links between reproductive practices and capitalist motivations.

Based on long-term ethnographic engagement with Alutiiq/Sugpiaq communities in Southwest Alaska, this book explores the interrelationship of cultural heritage, (de)colonialism, environmentalism, political agency, and the representation of Indigenous identity in museums.

Drawing on anthropological and social theory, Mason shows how Alutiiq/Sugpiaq identity and heritage have been collaboratively shaped across community, institutional, and corporate settings as a means of negotiating relations between Indigenous traditions and the conditions of late industrial life. In doing so, the book demonstrates that cultural heritage operates as a vital domain of political expression and collective action through which Kodiak Islanders sustain autonomy, articulate values, and advance their own visions of modernity.

This work will be of interest to academics and researchers with interests in Arctic communities, Arctic politics, cultural heritage, and Indigenous identity.

Durational Images: Time and Images after the European Ice Age explores images from the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age of Atlantic and Northern Europe to reconsider their ontological attributes as tools for navigating time.

The book argues that durational images from the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age mark an important shift from the prevailing Palaeolithic tradition of representational image making. Drawing on the philosophy of Henri Bergson, Gilles Deleuze and Karen Barad, amongst others, the book argues that images from this period must be regarded in a new way as modes of engagement instead of solely as modes of communication. Images are regarded then as multiplicities, that exist both temporally and spatially. Considering the dynamic and durational character of images from this period, enables us to understand that images may not only be representational, but also used as devices for navigating and producing time in differing ways. While archaeological evidence is often used as a means to situate an origin point for contemporary ways of seeing, this book instead diffracts contemporary ways of seeing derived from digital imaging techniques with images from the Mesolithic to Bronze Age. This opens up a dynamic relational dialogue between the disciplines of archaeology, anthropology, art history, art practice and media.

The central thesis of the book is that the dialogue between images from the Mesolithic to Bronze Age and contemporary image making practices provides the chance to explore the multiple ways in which images produce differing temporalities and engagements with the world. It allows us not only to rethink the character of images from the European Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age but to reconsider our own contemporary engagements with images. The book is well-illustrated with images to support the theoretical arguments as well as case study chapters focused on portable artefacts from the British and Irish Neolithic, the image making traditions of northern and southern Scandinavia, the long history of image making in the Coa valley, Portugal and the reworking of images at the megalithic passage tomb of Knowth, Ireland.

Durational Images. Time and Images after the European Ice Age is for students and researchers in archaeology, art history, art practice and anthropology. It offers both a critical commentary on the study of images from the Mesolithic to Bronze Age for archaeologists as well as a trans-disciplinary discussion of the character of images.

This book traces the transformations and developments in South Italy in the period from the late fifth century to the establishment of Roman political control in this area, the 'long' fourth century BCE. Tracing the Transformation of South Italy primarily focuses on dynamics within and among Italic communities in South Italy, but it also addresses transformations induced by entanglements with 'Greek'/Italiote cities, connections with the wider Mediterranean world and encounters with the emerging power of Rome. The contributions present a new and multi-faceted picture for understanding the rapidly changing regional landscape at the threshold of "pre-Roman" and "early Roman" south Italy. This volume builds a new narrative of fourth-century south Italy based on the full breadth of archaeological evidence, rather than on later literary voices. It does so by combining research on various regions and by cutting across the compartmentalisation in the archaeology of south Italy, often based on regional studies or notions of past ethnic grouping. Paying attention to the dynamics between the regional and local, it also utilises different arrays of archaeological evidence that are often analysed in separation to provide a holistic picture that liberates the vision of the long fourth century from the dominance of the literary tradition. Offering a rounded picture of South Italy in this transformative period, based on a wide variety of evidence, this book is for researchers in Classical archaeology as well as historians with an interest in landscape and settlement studies, social formation, craft developments, iconography and cult of the period.

This volume engages with disability heritage as a participatory, political, relational, and unfinished practice, linking the preservation of the past to lived experience in the present as well as imagined futures. Contributors examine how disability reshapes what counts as heritage, who it is for, and how it is made, and demonstrate ways to transform institutional as well as community-based approaches.

Contributors from Ireland, Germany, Australia, the UK, Sweden, Japan, Poland, Romania, Belgium, Italy, and The Netherlands apply concepts from critical disability studies and disability history to explore participatory, activist, and decolonial practices that challenge ableist structures. Written in an accessible way and drawing on case studies from performance, museums, (digital) archives, landscapes, and architecture, chapters demonstrate how disability is embedded in histories yet rarely acknowledged as a constituting force within them. Positioning disability as integral to heritage-making, the authors show how disability actively shapes archival research, heritage practices, and what can be remembered. Topics include integrating disability perspectives in heritage education, redesigning recruitment and career trajectories, the challenges and benefits of working both within and outside of established institutions, strategies for reinterpreting objects including embodied and sensory methods, and collecting intangible heritage.

The book is aimed at scholars and students in heritage, museum, archival, disability, cultural and historical studies, as well as practitioners, policymakers, and activists. It offers conceptual tools and grounded examples for engaging disability heritage not as a bounded and stable field or object, but as a relational practice that demands attentiveness to friction and difference.

Catching Air documents the lives of diver fishermen navigating changing marine environments and shifting conservation policies in the Dominican Republic. As nearshore ecologies decline and conservation policies are enacted to protect them, commercial divers follow fish into deeper water, risking decompression sickness, injury, and death. An incisive case study of a community on the front lines of the climate crisis, this book explores the unintended impacts of environmental regulations that, while meaning to protect vulnerable ecologies, often magnify experiences of bodily risk and dispossession among those who are most vulnerable to environmental change.

This volume reorients visual anthropology beyond its historically Western vantage point through a collaborative, cross-cultural editorship. With contributions from anthropologists with cultural connections to the Indian subcontinent, it presents contemporary ethnographic practice as it unfolds across both analogue and digital media. It examines representation across multiple forms - from film and photography to social media ethnography, immersive virtual and augmented realities, and the emerging horizons of artificial intelligence.

Visual anthropology itself emerged from the intellectual ferment of the late 1960s, shaped by debates across literature, visual arts, sociology, psychology, and philosophy, alongside the political reckoning of the postcolonial
moment. For students of social and cultural anthropology, its catalytic technologies were the hand-held camera and synchronised sound - tools that allowed ethnography to move, speak, and circulate beyond the written text. Yet the field has always extended beyond cinema. Visual and digital anthropology encompasses photography, art, ritual performance, and material culture, recognising that visual knowledge emerges through diverse representational practices. In the age of the Internet, social media, and mobile devices, images circulate globally and instantly, transforming how ethnographers document, interpret, and share social worlds.

The book will be valuable to students, researchers, and teachers of visual anthropology and sociology, as well as to visual ethnographers, documentary filmmakers, and scholars in museum studies. It will also serve as an important resource for practitioners working with artificial intelligence, curators, filmmakers, and general readers interested in photography, video creation, and the expanding visual worlds of the twenty-first century.