文化・社会人類学 — 全 下位分類

Introduction to Archaeological Science offers a clear, comprehensive introduction to archaeological science for students encountering the field for the first time.

The book presents the principal areas that shape contemporary archaeological science, combining accessible explanations with strong conceptual foundations. It introduces the development of the discipline from the 19th century to the present, before exploring relative and absolute dating methods; past environments and climate; geoarchaeology; archaeobotany; zooarchaeology; human osteology; biomolecular archaeology, including ancient DNA, proteomics, and stable isotope approaches to diet and mobility; ancient technologies; and the scientific analysis of archaeological materials. It discusses commonly used analytical techniques and demonstrates how scientific approaches enhance knowledge of the human past through carefully selected case studies from world archaeology. Written in clear, accessible language, the manuscript was reviewed by students to ensure that explanations are effective and genuinely supportive of learning.

Designed as a reliable entry point to the subject, Introduction to Archaeological Science is an ideal core textbook for students and practitioners beginning their archaeological training.

First Dogs provides the first comprehensive overview of the relationships between humanity's best friend (and oldest domestic animal) and hunter-gatherers.

The book uses archaeological and anthropological evidence to explore the hunter-gatherer/canine relationship from the beginnings of the domestication process to the present. As well as looking at conventional case studies from the Global North, it also uses examples from Latin America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. The result is an understanding of how hunter-gatherers have lived with dogs that is novel in its thematic reach, its temporal span, and its global range. Having situated previous work on dogs and hunter-gatherers within the broader fields of archaeology and anthropology, the book first explores how, when, and where grey wolves became dogs before tracing their dispersal beyond Eurasia into North America, the tropics, and beyond. Four thematic chapters then consider their roles as hunting aids and transport technologies, as well as how they have been fed, cared for, and thought about by hunter-gatherer populations worldwide. A further chapter explores the canine dimension of European colonialism's impacts on Indigenous peoples since 1492. The emphasis throughout is strongly interdisciplinary, drawing not only on archaeology and anthropology, but also on work in genetics, history, ecology, and linguistics.

First Dogs offers an up-to-date account of all aspects of the relationship between hunter-gatherers and their canine companions aimed at academic and nonacademic audiences alike.

Retracing the origin, development and survival of individual and collective identities in past human societies, this volume features a global and interdisciplinary range of case studies from Late Antiquity to the modern period covering a diversity of geographical and historical regions. The contributors delve into the archaeological record to detect not only biological and cultural affinity, but also evidence of diversity and 'otherness'. Through the lens of burial customs, dietary habits, biocultural changes, paleopathological evidence, everyday objects, built remains and belief systems, this book highlights archaeology's crucial role in unearthing, reconstructing and protecting long-established as well as forgotten - or even obliterated - identities, while also unveiling the recurrence of human values transcending space and time.

Organised by broad thematic sections, this collective body of work draws together perspectives from archaeology, bioarchaeology, zooarchaeology, forensic anthropology, archaeosciences, anthropology, historical archaeology and other disciplines. As a result, this book elucidates the importance of holistic approaches to the analysis of material culture and skeletal remains - often the only indisputable remnants of human survival and resilience.

Drawing on recent archaeological and historical research, this book presents the fascinating developments in the archaeology of prehistoric societies of mainland Southeast Asia.

Empires of the Southern Ocean offers a sweeping and authoritative account of the emergence, expansion, and transformation of early state-level societies across the regions that today encompass Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Spanning from the late prehistoric period to the mid-15th century, the book traces the dynamic rise of polities that shaped Southeast Asia's early urban and political landscapes, including the Pyu and Pagan in Myanmar; the entrepot settlements of peninsular Malaysia; Srivijaya, Sanjaya, and Majapahit in Indonesia; Funan, Chenla, and Angkor in Cambodia; Dvaravati in Thailand; and Linyi, Champa, and ?ai Viet in Vietnam.

Drawing on the most current archaeological, epigraphic, and paleoenvironmental research, the book challenges outdated, India-centric narratives and instead presents a nuanced understanding of Southeast Asia's indigenous political developments, cross-cultural exchanges, and technological innovations. It highlights the region's participation in long-distance trade networks across the Indian Ocean and South China Sea, and examines the role of religion, writing systems, and monumental architecture in legitimizing early power structures.

The volume includes a chapter on models of political development theory, critically examining how concepts such as heterarchy, segmentary states, and mandala systems apply-or fail to apply-to the Southeast Asian context. This theoretical grounding informs the subsequent case studies, offering readers a framework for understanding the diverse pathways to complexity taken by early Southeast Asian polities.

Combining detailed regional studies with broader comparative insights, Empires of the Southern Ocean is essential reading for anyone interested in the complex trajectories of early state formation in Southeast Asia and the interconnected histories of the ancient world.

Offering a study of archaeological heritage in Turkey, this book shows the alternative ways that the public relates to the past and its remains. Within the theoretical framework of public archaeology, Isilay Guersu brings together the results of decade-long projects - based on quantitative and qualitative research - to show how communities interact with the archaeological past. Generally speaking, the public is viewed as an obstacle to be overcome by the experts and authorities, but Guersu shows how local communities can be potential allies in the safeguarding of heritage assets.

Furthermore, Public Dialogues in Archaeology challenges the notion that intellectual knowledge is a prerequisite for the appreciation of archaeological history, and presents an understanding of the past that works at a somatic, sensory and emotional level. The result is a study that gives voice to different social groups that have often been silent, silenced or misunderstood in official reports and authorised publications. In this novel approach, Guersu concentrates on the 'public' within public archaeology.

Drawn from interviews conducted between 2007 and 2020, this account of the life of renowned archaeologist and former director of the British Institute of Persian Studies, David Brian Stronach, reveals a lost period in international archaeology within Iran, when BIPS was founded and acted as a unique intellectual hub for archaeologists, expats, scholars and foreigners
It describes the challenges he faced establishing the Institute and his experiences working with some of the 20th century's most fascinating personalities in archaeology, such as James Mellaart, Max Mallowan, Seton Lloyd and Agatha Christie. It also provides a new account of the effects of the Iranian revolution of 1979 on Stronach's own life's work, on the Institute he built, and on the international world of Iranian archaeology.

This edited collection offers a distinctive contribution to death studies by foregrounding analytical autoethnographic narratives from researchers and practitioners actively engaged in the field. Unlike works centred on personal bereavement, it explores the emotional and psychological residue left by prolonged scholarly encounters with death, dying, and end-of-life phenomena. The project's uniqueness lies in its multidisciplinary scope, international authorship, and integration of creative artifacts alongside textual analysis. It challenges conventional notions of subjectivity in qualitative research, reframing it as a vital, dialogic presence rather than bias. Contributors reflect on their own affective responses-grief, memory, sensory experience-while researching death spaces, death work, and the inheritance of death through ritual and conversation. The collection addresses a gap in scholarship by examining how researchers and practitioners are shaped by their fieldwork, offering therapeutic and introspective insights. Its organization around key thematic areas, and its cultural diversity, make it a valuable resource for scholars across disciplines, most notably death studies and (auto)ethnographic research, and anyone seeking to understand the complex interplay of emotion, memory, and research.

Timely critique of the expanding institutional control over academic research and its impact on ethnographic practice.

In recent decades, academic research has come under increasing institutional surveillance and control. Doing Ethnography traces the rise of ethical review procedures, open science mandates, and integrity protocols, examining how these developments shape ethnographic practice. It critically explores key themes such as doing no harm, informed consent, transparency, anonymity, researcher positionality, and the sharing of field notes.

The book argues that contemporary academia often enforces universal, bureaucratic forms of regulatory ethics. Rooted in quantitative and (post-)positivist paradigms, these frameworks frequently clash with ethnography's interpretive, intersubjective, and immersive fieldwork approach. In response, it calls for a situated, context-sensitive ethics of care attuned to the specificities of ethnographic engagement. Ultimately, Doing Ethnography offers both a critical reflection on institutional power and a plea to recognise and sustain the epistemic diversity on which academic freedom depends.

Listen to the 'Room to Explore' episode with Annelies Moors: Spotify.

Groundbreaking material-visual history and ethnography of German-Rapanui entanglements.

This book traces German-Rapanui entanglements from past to present through encounters between scholars, missionaries, institutions and Indigenous actors, and through the material and visual traces-objects, photographs, and texts-that continue to shape knowledge and memory of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). Moving beyond limiting Eurocentric frames, it highlights how Rapanui people have actively engaged with German and German-speaking individuals and institutions to (re)shape different practices and discourses of 'Rapanuiness'.

The chapters bring these dynamics to life: from Bavarian Capuchin activities that reached far beyond conversion, to collecting and exhibiting networks linking Altoetting in Bavaria to Rapa Nui; from German efforts to record oral traditions and the 1957 German-Chilean expedition, to long-term archaeological collaborations at Ava Ranga Uka A Toroke Hau.

Written by scholars based in Rapa Nui, Germany, Chile, France, and the United States, the volume shows how Rapanui communities have shifted from being marginalised in the management of their heritage to becoming key agents in its interpretation and future. Together, these studies illuminate three centuries of entanglement-and their powerful resonance today.

The story of the social and sexual revolution responsible for the emergence of our most prized skill-the ability to speak

Speech is unprecedented in the natural world. Yet human infants can learn the grammar of their native tongue so quickly, it is as if they knew the basics already. How did such a unique ability evolve, and what does it reveal about the nature of our species?

Drawing on evolutionary and social anthropology, behavioural ecology, archaeology, and linguistics, Chris Knight and Jerome Lewis unearth the political and social origins of our capacity to speak. What they discover points to the revolutionary role played by women at every stage. It seems that formidable coalitions of women used laughter, song, and dance to restrain the male potential for violence. In so doing, women established extraordinary levels of community-wide trust-precisely what was needed for linguistic creativity to flourish.

The Revolutionary Origins of Language is a bold and surprising assessment of the complex conditions which produced our most prized skill.

This book presents the earliest evidence of the domestication of rice and of human settlement in the Neolithic Era discovered at the Shangshan site. The excavation of the Shangshan site has yielded insights into the origin of Chinese rice culture. The author presents a comprehensive account of the Shangshan site, employing concise and literary language to elucidate the 10,000-year foundation of Chinese civilization.

This comprehensive volume offers a framework for understanding the descriptive and prescriptive functions of oral narratives. Drawing upon narratological theory and linguistic analysis, it traces the evolution of folktales across generations, showcasing how they adapt to changing societal contexts while maintaining their core functions.

The book investigates the intersections of language, culture, and narrative, offering a rich, cross-disciplinary perspective that highlights the enduring relevance of oral traditions in constructing and preserving ethnic identity. It examines how narrative forms contribute to the continuity of cultural memory, linguistic diversity, and social cohesion. Exploring the narratological and linguistic structures of Dogri folktales, this study illuminates a crucial facet of the cultural heritage of the Dogra community in Jammu and Kashmir. Folktales are presented not merely as entertainment but as powerful tools of cultural transmission, embodying deeply rooted moral, social, and philosophical values.

This book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and educators in the fields of linguistics, folklore studies, cultural anthropology, literature, and South Asian studies. It will also serve as a valuable resource for policymakers, cultural preservationists, and general readers.

The Routledge Handbook of Linguistic Anthropology is an extensive and authoritative collection of topical, theoretical, and methodological perspectives in the broad field of linguistic anthropology. Now in its second edition, it has been fully updated to address current and pressing global challenges and inspire action.

Carefully edited by Bonvillain and Garcia-Sanchez, this volume advances readers' understanding of how language intersects with power structures, social identities of gender, race, sexual orientation, cognitive processes, and neurodiversity. Across 28 chapters, contributors outline the foundations and key issues of linguistic anthropology, particularly language ideologies, while exploring practical approaches to research. Drawing from their research experience in universities across North America and abroad, they particularly emphasize ways in which theories and methodologies can contribute to social action and social justice movements on environmental and transitional justice, immigration and multilingualism, and Indigenous language revitalization or reawakening.

This handbook is an indispensable resource for students and researchers of applied and linguistic anthropology.

The face: our most distinguishing feature, but one which remains alien to us and which hides as much as it reveals. The slightest variation in characateristics, their volume, lines and intensity, is enough to distinguish one physiognomy from another, and to determine identity and draw a line between one person and another. In the moral hierarchy of bodily geography, the face embodies the highest value. It is the privileged site of love and hate, and judgements of beauty or ugliness are inscribed within it. It is so highly valued that any change, any visible trace of injury, is a tragedy, akin to an attack on one's identity. An individual's unique face corresponds to the uniqueness of his or her personal adventure. It is also the vehicle through which we produce and manage our daily interactions with others. The face precedes individuals, announces their presence, indicates whether they are known and displays their possible intentions. An integral part of the human body, the face is a part like no other.

David Le Breton offers a wide-ranging cultural history and anthropology of the face, from the mirror and the veil, the portrait and the invention of photography to cosmetic surgery, the selfie, facial recognition and AI. He reflects on how age leaves its mark on our fragile faces and how the symbolic violence perpetrated by racism expresses itself in the refusal to grant a person the dignity of a face. He reflects too on how the proliferation of faces in the age of the selfie renders the face banal, destroys its aura and weakens the social bond. Selfies proliferate in a world where face-to-face encounters are becoming increasingly rare, as individuals become monads focused on their phones. We are less and less together and more and more side by side, fragmented, our eyes glued to our screens, no longer looking at each other.

This magisterial book will appeal to anyone interested in the face and the many roles it has played in our history, culture and social life, and in how these roles might be changing today in our contemporary digital age.

This volume examines the turn inwards, toward matters of the self, in an era characterized by suffering, destruction and death resulting from large-scale structural problems, including global pandemics, economic inequality and climate change. As uncertainty on a large scale has begotten attempts at certainty on smaller ones, new social and cultural phenomena have emerged that can be understood and analyzed as new ways of crafting selfhood. With a particular focus on "practices of style" that reflect both aesthetic and ethical qualities, the author considers practices stemming from growing interest in sustainability, the popularity of tidying up and the ideology of minimalism, digital detoxing, discourses around "self-care" and the growing digital communities of menswear, style and wellness. An exploration of the trend toward constant reinvention of the self without the scaffolding scripts of religion and the state, Styling the Self will appeal to scholars of sociology, anthropology and social theory with interests in culture, consumption and lifestyle.

Islamic archaeology is expanding rapidly, and Islamic Archaeology in Global Perspective provides the first critical overview of the subject. No book has ever provided such a comprehensive review of Islamic archaeology, and it will set the research agenda for years to come.

This book is divided into three sections, with the first section, Origins and Dynasties, providing a chronological discussion of research on Islamic archaeological material from the origins of Islam in the early seventh century to the end of the Ottoman Empire in the early twentieth century and primarily focusing on the Levant, Arabian Peninsula, and Egypt. The second section, Conduits and Agents of Islamisation and Trade, examines the archaeology of the Indian Ocean and land-based trade and pilgrimage routes. The third section, Regions, adopts a geographical approach to explore North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and Sicily; the sub-Saharan African regions of the West African Sahel and Sudan; and Ethiopia, South and Southeast Asia, as well as Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia.

With extensive use of illustrations and box texts throughout to consider particular themes, technologies, and archaeological materials, such as types of ceramics, coins, and glass, this book will be indispensable for all students and researchers of Islamic archaeology and Islamic Studies.