移民史・移民問題、少数民族、人種問題 — 全 下位分類

Explores three generations of Black American Muslims pursuing education and liberation beyond the borders of the United States

Since the 1970s, hundreds of Black American Muslims in the Tijani Sufi order have sought refuge in a new world that would nurture their racial, religious and gendered identities away from anti-Black and anti-Muslim racism in the United States. This new world is in Medina Baye, a city in Senegal that is the headquarters of a pan-African Sufi movement with tens of millions of members in Africa alone.

Drawing on a decade and a half of ethnographic engagement, Black Muslim Freedom Dreams explores the Islamic educational opportunities created for and by Black American Muslims in Medina Baye, chronicling the dreams, sacrifices, struggles, and joys of young people and parents who live, learn, and strive for liberation between the United States and Senegal. The volume traces their journeys between these two worlds, zooming in to vividly portray everyday Black American and West African religious life, and zooming out to map the sociopolitical landscapes, educational conditions and Islamic and pan-African ideologies that shape believers' perspectives.

Black Muslim Freedom Dreams argues that Black Muslims' experiences of Islamic education and pan-African exchange are oriented towards collective care - a radical way of being and belonging through which believers journey on the path towards Allah's love by caring for one another and addressing the material inequities that constrain their communities. This notion disrupts narratives of religion that are limited to systems of personal belief, showcasing instead how their educational experiences foster a collective responsibility and solidarity. The book offers a compelling account of how Black Muslims engage with transnational religious and racial networks to build liberatory communities beyond the United States.

Embodied Educational Experience Among Ukrainian Displaced Students engages embodied inquiry and analysis of education in the context of forced migration.

Informed by somatic practice, the book offers methodological body-based tools to explore students' forced migration (embodied) experiences as they are lived. Students in this study moved either with Displaced Universities from the war areas in Ukraine or independently in several waves. The study argues that students learn through sensing their way during forced migration, accumulating layers of kinesthetic information hidden in their bodies. It utilizes the innovative body-based approach to understanding forced migration in its continuous movement and becoming, never complete, continually under construction, with interwoven lifelines of human and non-human constituents and their entangled relationships, meanwhile offering a unique insight into educational context as the war is ongoing, which brings challenging ethical, theoretical and methodological conversations.

This book contributes to a difficult and underrepresented conversation in the scholarly literature about embodied educational experiences among those students who were forced to leave their homes and endure multiple forced displacements. It will appeal to (post)qualitative scholars and researchers working on education in the context of war or conflict, forced migration, movement and arts-based methodologies.

Reveals how Asianness emerges as a dynamic media materiality shaped by measurement, circulation, and calibration, amid shifting labor relations under contemporary capitalism

Racial Virtuality contends that racialization not only occurs through representation in media, but also through our very interactions with media technologies and their unseen operations. The racialization of Asians, who appeared to embody the model minority success story in the first decade of social media, is now implicated more in the racial logics of algorithms, interfaces, gestures, circulations, and affects, rather than individual representations of Asianness.

Racial Virtuality intervenes in existing new media discourses to approach race as virtual relation, following a rich methodology of Asian American materialist critique to investigate gendered, racial form and mediated life. Danielle Wong theorizes "racial virtuality" as the suggestive materiality of non-representational new media processes and argues that these non-figurative images, affects, textures, sounds, and gestures constitute racializing calibrations within the context of information capitalism. Extending the archive of Asianness into everyday interactions with the virtual, such as Instagram skincare stories, memes of sleeping Asians, and algorithmic choreography on TikTok, Wong considers race as a capacity for labor and capital and argues that Asianness is a specific racial form of informational capital and a mode of relational critique. She reveals the ways in which Asianness moves beyond a politics of recuperation and recognition to yield modes of fugitivity, illicit knowledge, and resistance, all of which threaten existing relationships between capital, labor and information that govern human capital.

By putting memes, social media apps, and digital platforms in conversation with more traditional cultural productions like film, literature, and theatre, Racial Virtuality broadens our understanding of racialization in the digital age and challenges traditional notions of cultural production and subject formation. In doing so, it demonstrates how Asianness circulates as a new media form in a digital marketplace of commodified affects, senses, gestures, and tastes.

This book guides instructors and students through an intersectional and comparative approach to understanding key theories, concepts, practices, and movements in Ethnic Studies.

Written for introductory courses and for those new to Ethnic Studies, the book explores the decolonial legacies and origins of Ethnic Studies before delving into a broad array of vital and vivid topics including music and performance, U.S. militarism and migration, racial capitalism, gender and sexuality, environmental activism, and liberation through education, amongst others. Each chapter introduces the decolonial process of love, knowledge, and revolution rooted in the theoretical and activist lineages of Ethnic Studies as an academic discipline.

Key features include:

• A focus on providing a range of diverse perspectives to help students develop critical self-awareness that nurtures a love for self and community.
• A comparative approach that interweaves exemplary historical figures and preeminent scholars to empower students to view themselves within a continuum of an ongoing struggle for freedom.
• Textboxes across the volume that highlight case studies and provide historical context to enhance student understanding.
• Discussion questions in each chapter that aid engagement with the ideas presented and develop the reader's critical thinking skills.
• A glossary of key terms.

This book will be essential reading for students and teachers of courses in Ethnic Studies, and those interested in learning about the complex processes of race making and power through the lens of multiracial lived experiences in the United States.

Ladies of Little Rock explores the agency and activism of middle-class Black women and girls who led the movement to desegregate Little Rock Central High School. Misti Nicole Harper argues that these ladies assumed this responsibility as part of a broader legacy of middle-class Black women who wielded respectability politics as social justice strategy. Black women such as Daisy Bates, president of the Arkansas state chapter of the NAACP, and the six Black girls of the "Little Rock Nine" proved their politically savvy and imminent respectability in Little Rock and on the international stage. Black ladies threatened the precarious social position of working-class white women and girls whose lone claim to social privilege was their whiteness and who spearheaded massive resistance as a direct reaction to the challenge that middle-class Black ladies posed.

How college students in mixed-status families are affected by immigration policies

Focusing on Latinx students attending the University of California, Family Legal Vulnerability exposes how their educational experiences and social mobility are shaped not only by their own immigration status, but also by their family members' undocumented immigration status. The authors introduce the concept of "family legal vulnerability" as a novel framework that captures how undocumented and mixed-status immigrant families collectively experience deportability, economic insecurity, discrimination, social exclusion, and legal uncertainty.

The authors show how the adverse effects of family legal vulnerability are similar for both college students who are undocumented and U.S. citizens with undocumented parents. Cascading consequences emerge among immigration-impacted students as family legal vulnerability compromises their mental and emotional health, academic success, and political engagement.

The book also illustrates how students demonstrate agency as they negotiate family legal vulnerability, seeking out ways to bolster their individual and collective flourishing. Ultimately, this book calls on scholars, policy makers, and university administrators to account for family legal vulnerability when considering how immigration policies undermine students' college experiences and to identify actionable practices to advance greater equity and inclusion.

This book examines 'womanhood' and 'race' not only as disputed, converging, and constantly changing categories and lived experiences, but also as interrelated and unequal subjectivities and social realties that shaped all early-twentieth century Puerto Ricans. It empirically documents just how significantly 'womanhood' and 'race' were inextricably intertwined in Puerto Rico between 1914 and 1945, a decisive period in U.S. expansionism and in the transformation of this island. Through a comparative analysis and description of specific subjects in early-twentieth century Puerto Rico-mostly Puerto Ricans from different races and social classes, but also some North Americans as well-the book demonstrates the extent to which 'womanhood' and 'race' are a more thorny, volatile, and unstable than is commonly acknowledged within Women's History and Caribbean Studies. This is the first book that examines the relationships between women in Puerto Rico from divergent social classes and racialized positions by mostly focusing on the socioeconomic and racial inequalities among colonized women in Puerto Rico. This is in marked contrast with most Women's History globally which mainly concentrates either on the lives of elite women or, at best, on the unequal relationships between colonizer- and/or European-descended women vis-a-vis colonized- and/or non-white women. In this book 'womanhood' and 'race' are not seen as separate, nor as already given, historically and culturally immutable 'things.' Those are some of the lacunae this book transcends, primarily in the case of white-Creole women relative to non-white Island women and the images socially constructed of them in Puerto Rico, as well as for racially located Puerto Ricans more broadly. Within this context, the book enables a different reading of already known documents while demonstrating the importance of examining unused or forgotten bibliographical sources, some of them previously untranslated.

This comprehensive volume offers a critical, socio-demographic examination of the COVID-19 crisis and human mobility in Indonesia. Drawing on data from across the archipelago, it covers the demographic, economic, psychosocial, and socio-political contexts of the pandemic, rigorously analyzing emergency management and its severe, specific impacts on migrants (domestic and international workers, students) and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). The book meticulously analyzes the consequences of enforced restrictions and border closures, detailing the disruption of livelihoods and the adaptive strategies employed by these vulnerable populations. As the first book to frame the pandemic through this lens in Indonesia, it provides a crucial platform for rethinking crisis response commitment and underscores the importance of domestic implementation of international laws for protecting migrant rights. Beyond informing post-pandemic policy and research on migration in Indonesia, this work provides enduring, actionable lessons relevant to public health crises and state-of-emergency management throughout the Global South.

This book addresses the issue of migration to and from Ireland since the 17th-18th century and examines the dynamics of emigration and immigration down to the present day. It is distinctive in its pluri-disciplinary approach of migrating issues in Ireland as well as the way it confronts individual and collective dynamics in the context of migration. It offers a comprehensive and englobing understanding of key issues of migration in Ireland today and their legal, social and linguistic impacts, while also focusing on the representations of the migrating experience in literature, be it in poetry or in fiction.

In doing so it also aims at reassessing issues of home, place-making and belonging. The book goes beyond the study of immigration and emigration (from a historical or economic approach) but rather demonstrates the complexity of migrating trajectories, whether individual or collective, and how those migrating stories are inscribed within national and supra-national dynamics. The study of the words used to narrate those experiences offers insight into the plurality of migrating experiences, hence the place devoted in this book to literary representations.

All cultures change - but some aspects change more rapidly than others. Drawing on extensive experience of various cultures, in this book David Lewis develops a model that differentiates between the rates of change in different aspects of a culture.Culture teaches us how to relate to other human beings, so David also explores aspects of what it means to be human. Some distinctively human features that are influenced by culture include the development of a sense of humour, a sensitivity to the voice of one's conscience and a capacity to look towards the future with hope.

A bold explanation of how reactionary political movements appeal to racism to reconcile American democracy with antidemocratic practices.

"All power to the people!" So goes the familiar slogan of 1960s racial justice politics. The message is clear: the fight against racism is a fight for greater democracy-for the rule of "the people." And yet, across American history, movements of racial backlash have also framed themselves as aiming to deliver greater democracy and redeem the rule of "the people." Examples abound, ranging from the Southern Redeemers who overthrew Reconstruction, to the "populist" backlash to the civil rights movement, and the white revanchism of our own time. How is it that we find claims to greater democracy on both sides of these struggles? What does this reveal about modern democracy, popular sovereignty, and the peculiar politics of race in America?

The Counterrevolutionary Shadow: Race, Democracy, and the Making of the American People provides a novel account of the relationship between race and democratic politics in the United States. Across five chapters, Michael Gorup turns to the life and work of key figures in the history of American political thought-including Thomas Jefferson, Hosea Easton, David Walker, Ida B. Wells, W.?E.?B. Du Bois, and Huey?P. Newton-to argue that racial politics in the United States has always been a politics of peoplehood. Racism is what Gorup calls a politics of "popular enclosure": it limits the scope of democratic power by circumscribing who is said to belong to "the people." In so doing, it contains democratization from within. Neither strictly antidemocratic, nor a necessary entailment of modern democracy as such, Gorup argues that racism is best understood as a political construct developed to manage, if never fully reconcile, the contradictions that beset settler democracy.

Racism is, in short, American democracy's "counterrevolutionary shadow"-a technology for rendering despotic practices like enslavement, exploitation, and dispossession tolerable within a society where the people are said to rule.

This book focuses on the liminality and experiences of Filipino migrant musicians in Australia in relation to their identities and positionalities as migrants, professionals, labour force, musicians, and members of the multicultural community. Over 40 interviews with Filipino musicians living in Australia connect phenomena and issues surrounding transnational labour migration and the performance of musicians from other migrant backgrounds. Scholars and students interested in cultural sociology, ethnomusicology, popular music studies, cultural studies, migration, diaspora studies and Southeast Asian studies gain insights from the compelling stories in both scope and nuance, which are applicable in a broader multicultural context and the transnational as well as local music industry. Deploying important concepts such as liminality and marginality, the book is interdisciplinary and offers fresh empirical, theoretical and methodological takes on transnational migration and migrant representation in the music industry. More importantly, it highlights the involvement of an underrepresented group in a vulnerable and undervalued profession, to increase participation of migrants in the Australian and global music industry.

From a leading historian, the story of how entrepreneurial Jewish immigrants transformed commercial banking and enabled the economic and social advancement of Jews in America.

What are immigrants to do when business opportunities abound in their new home, but banks refuse essential financial support? How could they make the journey in the first place without helping hands? In this lively history, Rebecca Kobrin chronicles the turn-of-the-twentieth-century Jewish immigrants who stepped up by doing the lending themselves. Arriving from the Russian Empire and settling primarily in New York, they made livelihoods by assisting fellow Jews so they could purchase passage to the United States and, after arriving, obtain credit that other lenders would not dare provide.

Credit to the Nation traces the novel practices of bankers who not only enabled the flourishing of American Jewry but also revolutionized the US financial industry. Drawing on previously unexamined archival materials in Russian, Yiddish, German, and English, Kobrin tells a story that is also crucial to the history of New York, as immigrant bankers' financing of real estate transformed wide swathes of the city. Lenders drove a boom in the prices of tenement buildings, but heavy speculation eventually precipitated the downfall of immigrant banking. Kobrin notes in particular the case of the Bank of United States-a private lender catering primarily to Jewish businessmen-which the Federal Reserve refused to bail out from bankruptcy in 1930.

Immigrants' grasping for credit, and the rise and fall of immigrant banks, gave way to a contemporary banking industry that, ironically, refuses credit to today's immigrants. Kobrin reminds us that now, as before, the denial of credit pushes entrepreneurial Americans into unregulated money-lending and the trap of endless debt.

This volume (Parts A and B) contains 16 new studies that shed light on key aspects of immigration: the drivers of immigration, the factors fostering or hindering immigrant integration in the host country, and the impact of immigration in the host countries. The studies span a wide range of countries in Europe, North and South America and use novel administrative, regional and survey data to offer insights into historical and contemporary episodes of migration. Together, they enrich our understanding of the determinants and consequences of migration and provide an evidence base for policy discussions.

The volume covers three broad themes. In both Part A and B are eight papers on the integration of immigrants in the host society, focusing on the acquisition of human capital, labor supply, family formation, and returns to skills. Part B also studies the impact of immigration on outcomes that often dominate the public debate, namely employment, education, and crime. Published twice per year in conjunction with the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Research in Labor Economics contains new cutting edge peer reviewed research applying economic theory and econometrics to policy related topics pertinent to worker well-being often with an international focus.

This open access book offers innovative contributions to the climate-migration-health nexus and the role of regional governance in this nexus, emphasizing the importance of interregional cooperation in addressing these challenges. It considers climate change as an intensifier of leading to rising of migration and displacement, in interaction with economic, political, and social factors. These in turn have profound implications for society, particularly in relation to human health and health systems. The spread of infectious diseases, the rise in chronic health conditions, mental health issues, and fragmented access to healthcare are already emerging as critical concerns. This volume fills the gap in the understanding of the intricate climate-migration-health nexus and provides new empirical evidence and data to inform effective interventions and policies. Leading experts explore the interconnections between different dimensions of the nexus across regions, present mitigation and adaptation strategies, delve into the influence of regional and global governance factors, and showcase novel transdisciplinary methodologies. By unlocking this knowledge, this volume aims to shape sustainable solutions and forge a resilient future.

This edited collection presents an interdisciplinary assessment of the impact of migration on knowledge transmission and entrepreneurial innovation. Focusing on Italian migration to Europe and the Americas, the book analyses the socioeconomic transformations enabled by migration and fills an important gap in the literature on the economic history of migration.

Featuring contributions from fifteen scholars from around the world, the book presents a range of case studies and archival research that shows how the transmission of knowledge and skills, passed on by migrants in destination countries, represents a less-known but crucial aspect of the migration phenomenon. Chapters discuss the impact of Italian migrants in a range of contexts, with their entrepreneurial, professional, manual and craft skills significantly contributing to economic, cultural and industrial development in countries such as Chile, Argentina, Brazil and the US. Chapters bring out larger themes such as technological innovation, educational practices, institutional and public policies and experiences of short-term or temporary migration. The interdisciplinary framework of the book, bringing together economic historians, architects and sociologists, fosters unique perspectives and enriches our understanding of the economic impact of migration beyond simply linear economic growth. This will be a valuable resource for researchers of economic and business history, as well historians of migration, sociologists and demographers.

This book examines the migration of highly skilled labour from developing countries to developed ones and assesses the economics costs associated with this. By highlighting the impact of migration on developing countries, it outlines the development challenges created by the loss of highly skilled workers, especially the loss of specialised knowledge. With a particular focus on the movement of labour from Tuerkiye to the rest of the world, the inability of Tuerkiye to grow its own IT and engineering industries is discussed, alongside attempts to retain highly skilled labour.

This book offers a new perspective on global migration and the hidden economic costs associated with it. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in labour and development economics.