移民史・移民問題、少数民族、人種問題 — 全 下位分類

Presenting the most comprehensive Black policy agenda produced in a generation, offering concrete, actionable recommendations across every dimension of Black life in America, this book features contributions from over 100 leading scholars, policymakers, and community organizers to transform research into policy action.

Born from the State of the People movement, a national call to action rallying, restoring, and reimagining what's possible for Black communities, The Black Papers: A Policy Agenda for Black Liberation in the 21st Century stands in the lineage of the 1905 Niagara Movement, the 1972 Gary Political Convention, and decades of Black political organizing to address what previous efforts left incomplete: sustained infrastructure for collective liberation. Through 26 rigorously researched policy briefs, the volume covers economic justice, education reform, health equity, democratic governance, criminal justice transformation, environmental justice, reparations, and specialized policy domains. Each chapter provides specific federal, state, and local recommendations, translating complex policy analysis into accessible frameworks for action. The Black Papers deliver what policymakers, organizers, educators, and community members need most: evidence-based roadmaps for systemic change. Contributors include university professors and grassroots activists, former White House officials and community organizers, attorneys and artists-representing the breadth of Black genius and the depth of collective commitment to Black flourishing.

This volume will serve undergraduate and graduate courses in public policy, sociology, African American studies, urban planning, and education while remaining accessible to undergraduate students, advocacy professionals, and general readers. Developed alongside the State of the People Power Tour, which activated grassroots movements in thirteen cities nationwide, the project integrates scholarship with community organizing. Companion digital resources at stateoftheppl.com provide multimedia content, data visualizations, and advocacy tools that extend the book's impact beyond the page.

This book brings together perspectives on privileged migration and highly skilled migration, illustrating how these concepts intersect with gender, ethnicity, and life course. Highly skilled migrants are often defined as those who have tertiary education, while privileged migrants possess agency and a relative position of power compared to local communities. Despite their relatively privileged status due to their occupations, these migrants face various barriers in their daily lives. Thus, experiences of privilege and precarity can coexist. Highly skilled migrants can encounter discrimination and employ cultural repertoires to navigate and mitigate these challenges. Drawing on over 70 interviews with highly skilled migrants in Czechia conducted in 2024, this book aims to uncover their lived experiences and coping strategies. This book will appeal to researchers and scholars in sociology and the social sciences more broadly. It will also be of interest to students in migration studies as well as to policymakers in Central and Eastern Europe.

This book examines why Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ+) young people continue to face homelessness and intersectional disadvantages, even as legal and social attitudes appear to improve. Drawing on seventeen years of ethnographic research and frontline work in England, it offers an intimate and rigorous account of how young people navigate housing precarity, family rejection and uneven access to state support. It shows how sexuality, gender, race, class, disability and religion shape encounters with welfare systems, revealing how well-intentioned policies can reproduce harm and how celebrated progress in LGBTQ+ rights can obscure the structural conditions that leave many behind. Tunaker argues for a deeper understanding of the "paradox of progress" and its consequences for those at the sharpest edges of marginalisation. The book speaks to scholars and practitioners in socio-legal studies, legal anthropology, gender and sexuality studies, homelessness and housing research, and anyone concerned with state power and meaningful social change.

Given the increasing number of international older migrants in Europe and the UK, Ageing Migrants' Sense of Home addresses a critical gap in understanding the conditions that facilitate or impede positive ageing in the context of migration, enhancing scholarly knowledge on how processes of identification and sense of belonging to places are experienced by people ageing away from their home countries.

Grounded in long-term ethnographic fieldwork with a community of older Italians in Northeast England, Palladino explores experiences of ageing across borders, feelings of embeddedness in local communities, negotiation of belonging and perceived vulnerability. Highlighting how participants experience private and public spaces, their transnational lifestyles, and relationships with objects of affection, memory, and identity, chapters underscore the importance of affective bonds with places. Place attachment and identity impact health and well-being in later life, and insights into older migrants' subjectivities and life stories stress the social aspects of the environment and the importance of having places to call 'home' in the context of migration.

Drawing critical attention to the diversity of ageing experiences among older migrants and the need for research, practice and policy to respond to their needs both locally and internationally, this is a significant resource for researchers in social sciences, social gerontology, and human geography.

A behind-the-scenes look at why Latinos-the largest immigrant group in the United States-make up a staggeringly low percentage of the elite US labor force.

Carla, Douglas, and Isabel each migrated to the United States from Latin American countries before they were teenagers. Each had big dreams-in medicine, business, and government-and each did what they were told to do to achieve their goals: work hard, stay in school, and follow the rules. Yet none of them reached the top of the labor market, and they are far from alone. Only one out of one hundred Latino immigrants who arrive in the United States as children will ever secure a job that requires a college degree and pays high wages.

To better understand why Latinos are more likely to have difficulty finding success in the labor market, sociologist A. Nicole Kreisberg's 1 in 100 shares stories directly from Latino immigrants experiencing this exclusion. Kreisberg argues that despite increasing access to higher education, Latino immigrant youth seldom land high-paying jobs. But contrary to what Americans might think, this is not the result of individual failure. Instead, these slim odds are the result of immigration laws, schools, and workplaces that interact in ways that systematically disadvantage so many Latinos. Kreisberg finds that stereotypes about Latino immigrants are activated in US schools, exacerbated in US colleges, and reinforced by employers' hiring decisions. And because most Americans cannot tell who is and who isn't an immigrant, the stereotypes harming immigrants often spill over to the 68 million Latinos living in the United States, including those born here as US citizens.

By tracing the school-to-work trajectories of child-arriving Latino immigrants and native-born Latinos, alongside the gatekeepers who structure their opportunities, 1 in 100 shows that the 99 who struggle are not the exception-they are the unfortunate norm.

America's staggering racial and economic divides did not emerge by accident-they were built. Stratification Economics exposes how centuries of law, policy, and institutional design manufactured inequality, from slavery and land dispossession to redlining, deregulation, and modern tax regimes that funnel wealth upward. Neoliberal ideology, the book shows, cloaks these structures in the language of markets and meritocracy, obscuring how privatization, austerity, and constitutional doctrine consistently entrench hierarchy. Across domains-housing, labor, education, corporate power, and the courts-the same pattern recurs: policies that appear neutral in theory reproduce racial and class stratification in practice.

Against this backdrop, the manuscript advances Stratification Economics as a transformative framework for understanding and undoing inequality. Drawing on cutting-edge empirical research, it reveals discrimination as a rational strategy of group advantage and offers a clear blueprint for equitable reform. In doing so, it reframes the American economy not as an engine of opportunity, but as a system we must redesign to achieve it.

A new history of the scientific inquiry into race

The attempt to define the concept of race in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is often described as a corrupt "pseudo-science," but in this strikingly original account, Geoffrey Galt Harpham describes the inquiry into race as a serious scientific project undertaken by some of the leading figures of the time. In a "skeletal history" of this project, Harpham tracks the rise and fall of racial science, focusing on the central role played by craniology, or the study of skulls, in key debates in Germany, the United States, and France.

Emerging at the end of the eighteenth century as a way of thinking about human variation, the concept of race became entangled in an extraordinarily wide range of scientific, philosophical, theological, and political debates about issues ranging from the place of humanity in the natural world to the rationales for colonization and slavery. But at the end of the nineteenth century, a number of prominent scientists came together to announce the failure of the century-long attempt to define race or even to locate racial markers in the human body-only to see the concept taken up by others, including W. E. B. Du Bois, who sought to preserve the concept as essential to the nonscientific ends of solidarity and identity.

With this probing and vivid narrative account of the scientific inquiry into human variation, Harpham provides a new way of approaching the history of race, introduces a host of previously little-known figures, explores the larger contexts and inner dynamics of the discourse on race, and questions the ends that the concept of race serves today.

This open access book builds a bridge between migration and refugee studies and peace and conflict studies by examining the trans-local lives of people affected by violent conflict. Combining conceptual debates with rich insights from empirical research from across the world, 18 chapters address the question of how war and conflict shape, disrupt and transform (im)mobility trajectories and patterns of translocal living-within and across borders. The volume is complemented by an introduction that presents conceptual advances in this emerging interdisciplinary research field, two chapters summarising methodological innovations and challenges in conducting empirical studies, and a conclusion reflecting on the findings and policy implications of applying a translocal research perspective. This book will be an excellent resource for students and scholars seeking to move beyond a conventional, linear understanding of displacement, embracing instead a translocal perspective that captures the multi-sited patterns and repercussions of violence and war.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the intersection between migrant entrepreneurship and the digital economy, providing valuable insights into how migrant entrepreneurs adapt, innovate, and network in the digital era. The book's distinctiveness lies in its focused examination of the challenges and opportunities faced by migrant entrepreneurs, featuring case studies and drawing on existing literature to offer a well-rounded analysis. It also introduces the Digitally-Mediated Multiple Embeddedness (DMME) framework, an original conceptual lens that integrates mixed embeddedness theory, resource orchestration, and digital affordance perspectives to explain how migrant entrepreneurs navigate and create value across overlapping digital, social, and transnational contexts.

Addressing the evolving dynamics of migrant entrepreneurship in the digital age, the author offers insights into how digital technologies shape entrepreneurial practices and contributes to economic growth. Moreover, the book's focus on digital inclusion and transnational networking processes provides a comprehensive understanding of how migrant entrepreneurs effectively participate in the global digital economy.

Addressing the need for up-to-date, relevant insights into how migrant entrepreneurs orchestrate tangible and intangible resources in the context of digitalisation and entrepreneurship, the book explores the transformative role of digital technologies, offering evidence-based approaches to business and policy-making, fostering an enabling environment for migrant entrepreneurs to thrive. Overall, the book contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how diverse entrepreneurs navigate challenges and seize opportunities in an increasingly digital global economy, making it a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, and entrepreneurs.

This book advances scholarship on the infrastructural turn in migration studies by foregrounding the underexplored role of migration brokers from receiving countries and catering to foreign professionals. While existing research has predominantly focused on brokerage in migrants' countries of origin, this monograph conceptualises migration brokerage in the host society as a key institutional infrastructure shaping contemporary cross-border labour markets. It conceptually contributes by integrating insights from economic sociology and international migration studies, introducing a transnational lens into the market-making framework.

Drawing on qualitative data from ethnographic fieldwork, the book examines the role of brokers not only in facilitating and regulating workers' mobility, but also in actively "making" an emerging cross-border labour market between Japan and Vietnam. It also provides a nuanced analysis of the experiences of skilled Vietnamese migrants as they navigate entry into and participation in Japan's labour market.

Focusing on Japan as an emerging immigration country, the analysis is situated within a context characterised by acute labour shortages alongside a persistently restrictive migration regime. Over the past decade, the number of foreign-particularly skilled-migrant workers, including Vietnamese nationals, has increased substantially. In the absence of a comprehensive immigration policy, private intermediaries have become crucial in facilitating, mobilising and controlling the mobility of both migrant workers and labour users. Despite Asia's importance as a major host region of international migrants, Japan remains comparatively under-researched. Addressing this gap, the book will appeal to scholars, students, and policymakers working in migration studies, economic sociology, Asian studies, and migration and labour policy.

Cuba in the 1970s was a beacon of Third World liberation-and a sanctuary for US radicals on the run. Fugitive States is the true story of Charlie Hill, an American exile who has lived in Havana for 55 years. An Illinois native and war veteran who was expelled from the US Army for refusing to fight against the Vietnamese national liberation forces, Hill later joined the Republic of New Afrika, a dynamic Black nationalist movement that called for reparations for slavery and the creation of a sovereign nation-state for Black people in the American South.

Accused of killing a New Mexico state trooper in 1971, Hill hijacked an airplane from Albuquerque to Havana, where the Cuban government granted him asylum. In Havana, Hill hoped to connect with African revolutionaries and to join the armed struggle against colonialism in Angola or Guinea-Bissau; instead, he became the longest-remaining US political exile in Cuba and a witness to five decades of socialism and revolution. Drawing on archival sources and extensive interviews, historian Teishan A. Latner uses Hill's surprising story to illuminate a broader set of encounters between foreign expatriates and the Cuban Revolution during a turbulent era of global radicalism.

With more than 180 million migrants worldwide, roughly 2.3 percent of the global population, migration is a global phenomenon, characterized by cross-border movements that are strikingly varied. This book discusses the current state of migration as a question of governance rather than crisis, examining contemporary migration movements within the legal, political, and economic structures that shape who may move, and why. The book focuses on Latin America, a region shaped by long histories of mobility, and the immigration policy frameworks of the United States, the European Union, and Latin America and the Caribbeans, tracing how different institutional architectures face similar migratory pressures but obtain markedly different outcomes. Ultimately, the book argues that migration functions as a governance barometer, by introducing the concept of policy elasticity, and exploring the limitations of existing "one-size-fits-all" approaches.

How race, class, gender, and place shape the ways working-class young people in Britain envision their transition from education to work

How do the effects of deindustrialisation and neoliberalism influence young people's perceptions of work and education? In Cancelled Futures, Amit Singh examines how experiences of class-based inequality work through race, place, and gender in different ways. Moving beyond the usual framing of race versus class and the populist fixation with the white working class, Singh shows the intractable challenges that Black, Asian, and white young people share when they envision their futures in changing labour market conditions. Drawing on extensive interviews with sixty-two young working-class Britons, he describes the range of strategies they employ in the absence of viable economic opportunities-and the uneven results that follow.

Singh offers a vivid nationwide portrait, bringing together seemingly divergent locations and their youth-those living in proximity to the extraordinary wealth and perceived opportunity of the City of London, in the former northern mill town of Rochdale, and in the forgotten seaside town of Morecambe Bay-and captures the empathetic sense of struggle that many cultivate. Singh reveals that although the unique features of place raise distinctive racial and gendered reckonings with their circumstances and hopes, these young people have in common an increasingly fading sense of the future. Singh shows that they do not cling to the illusion that hard work pays off or the myth of meritocracy, but seek only to realise some sense of dignity and meaning amid a future that feels not just confusing but altogether absent.

Explains how interconnected race and gender ideologies underlie grievance politics on the Right and reveals how both are transforming American politics, policy, and law.

In The Battle for White Male Supremacy, Mary McThomas sheds new light on the entwined racial and gender ideologies that have come to define large segments of the American Right and are roiling American law and politics. Individual chapters trace the development, ideas, and influence of several key groups: incels, alt-right vigilante groups, Christian nationalists, and men's rights groups at war with the judiciary. While these groups are often treated as discrete phenomena with distinct histories and ostensibly different goals, all share an interconnected belief system of victimhood and embattled white masculinity. By tracking these similarities, McThomas exposes how racial and gendered belief systems are connected both within and across groups.

What is more, McThomas shows that these groups' beliefs and tactics have moved from the extremist fringes of society to the mainstream of American politics. They've gained broad traction in public opinion and political discourse, and they are transforming law and policy at both the state and federal levels.

Amid nineteenth-century America's fierce battles over slavery and freedom, few proslavery partisans argued more vehemently for the supremacy of the white race than John Van Evrie (1814-96). A New York-based propagandist, writer, book publisher, and editor of the New York Day Book, Van Evrie leveraged the era's rapidly expanding media and communications landscape to advance his cause. Throughout his career, he promoted pseudoscientific justifications for racism, proclaimed slavery as beneficial to society, and created a media network criticizing abolitionists, Republicans, and Democrats alike. Despite the Civil War's defeat of Van Evrie's cause, his success in cultivating an audience and market for his views allowed him to continue publishing during Reconstruction, rallying support among white readers for policies and practices that would continue to subordinate Black Americans.

Tracing Van Evrie's failures and chilling successes over a career of some forty years, Michael E. Woods reveals the stunning resilience of racist ideology before and after the Civil War. In doing so, Woods demonstrates how the era's print media, business systems, and political alliances allowed ideas like Van Evrie's to flourish, even as Reconstruction promised a new birth of freedom for Americans of all races.

This book provides a unique perspective on migration throughout Western Europe after the Second World War by exploring the complex histories of migrant children and families under the conditions of a restrictive migration regime. By historicising what 'family', 'migration', or 'childhood' meant in specific historical moments and places, this collection examines the impact that intra-European population mobilisation had on migrants between the 1950s and early 1990s. While previous research has focused on the many legal, economic, and diplomatic aspects of European migration, this book sheds light on the social situations, strategies, and experiences of so-called 'guest workers', particularly in relation to their families. Due to official archives revealing little about the lives of children who lived, sometimes for years, clandestinely, in their host countries, there is a need for a more nuanced approach to understanding the perspectives of migrating families in the mid-twentieth century. The contributions in this book bring together research from diverse fields, such as oral history, the sociology of mobilisation, social history of migration, social justice, gender studies, and transnationalism. On various levels (from the local to the international), they explore and contextualise the strategies which migrant families adopted to help deal with the hesitation of Western European nation states to grant the right of family reunification to labour migrants. Their analysis allows to establish a comprehensive and comparative overview about the multiple social situations that shape the live of migrant families, including access to schooling, health care, or the legal system.