哲学・社会思想・宗教 — 全 下位分類

Mason carefully develops a theology of prayer that builds on the dogmatic and moral theology of one of the most significant Reformed theologians of the past 50 years: John Webster.

Ambitious in scope and exacting in analysis, this volume provides a creative and constructive exploration of the theology of prayer that grows out of Webster's theology and ethics when considered as a whole. Mason offers close theological readings of Webster's works against the backdrop of the development of his thought and his major sources in the Christian tradition. In so doing, he roots a dogmatics of prayer in various theological loci that are central to the theology of prayer and Webster's own writings.

This book pays careful attention to the doctrines of God, creation and providence, and sin and salvation, as well as to Webster's sophisticated moral theology of creaturely agency. Central insights from Webster - in conversation with Aquinas, Barth, Calvin and Reformed scholastic sources - are brought to bear on the major components of a theology of prayer. In doing so, Mason develops a rich and detailed account of the central act of the Christian life in a way that displays the resourcefulness of Webster's theology and ethics.

One of the few Mexican American women philosophers across the United States and Mexico redefines philosophy and pedagogy through a groundbreaking exploration of identity, culture, and language.

For more than two decades, Manuela Alejandra Gomez has been teaching on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. In the first book of its kind to critically analyze how Mexican Americans connect to philosophy she draws on a five-year study, her experience, ethnographic observations and testimonios to show a constant navigation between two nations, two cultures, and two languages.

Leading us through this complex negotiation of intersecting worlds, Gomez explores how to teach and learn philosophy from a Mexican American perspective. She makes us question what it means to be a philosopher, challenges conventions about what it truly means to philosophize and redefines the boundaries of philosophical thought: her aim is to add a new chapter in the narrative of academic inclusion and diversity that makes more room for Mexican American perspectives.

Reimagining and broadening the parameters of philosophy, she offers invaluable pedagogical insights, providing a rich and practical roadmap to more effective teaching methods, while empowering students through the recognition of their identities.

In the United States, more women and students of color are going to college than ever before, but philosophy as an academic field continues to be one of the least diverse and untouched by their vantage points. This much-needed book marks an important contribution to local and culturally informed ways of teaching and learning.

Bringing together perspectives from social, developmental and personality psychology and bridging moral psychology with philosophy, this book makes a unique interdisciplinary contribution to the field. Krettenauer proposes that the concept of moral identity is a fundamental category of moral psychology and indispensable for any comprehensive account of human morality. Chapters cover the origins of moral identity research, moral identity development across the lifespan, social-cognitive perspectives, narrative approaches and evidence from cognitive science. Summarising extant theories and research, the book also points towards topics that go beyond its scope, providing a rich source of inspiration for future study.

Understanding Moral Identity is a crucial resource for scholars and students of moral psychology, as well as academics in related disciplines such as philosophy, education and sociology. Krettenauer's directions for prospective study will benefit researchers in the field, while his insights on findings from previous studies will be of interest to any professional specialising in morality.

Is incarnational Christology credible? Should we understand Jesus as God incarnate? Discerning God Incarnate offers a critical survey of a range of proposals in contemporary theology and philosophy of religion on the validation of the doctrine of the Incarnation.

In this engaging and original study Gary Chartier investigates approaches that span across the topics of consciousness, resurrection, tradition and experience, focusing on the logic and pervasive assumptions of each argument.

Historical study of the Bible and historical sensitivity to the ways in which church tradition develops, along with contemporary views of divine action, make it difficult to affirm belief in the Incarnation simply on the basis of what the Bible or the church teaches. Chartier examines the alternative paths to affirming incarnational Christology that take full account of contemporary historical and philosophical insights. He explores the potential and limitations of the kind of 'critical orthodoxy' associated with such figures as Charles Gore, J. M. Creed and Leonard Hodgson, embracing both credal orthodoxy and historical consciousness.

Providing a sharp philosophical reflection on the degree to which different critical Christological arguments are exclusive or potentially mutually supportive, this is a valuable resource for any student and scholar studying philosophy of religion and theology.

This collection of incisive essays is a nuanced interrogation of the suitability of literature as a vehicle for moral philosophy - a complex debate at the intersection of ethics and aesthetics.

What connects these different perspectives is a central question: is literature is an appropriate medium for approaching and unpicking moral, ethical and philosophical questions? And what insights does its form allow? Whilst some thinkers have charged literature as the source of feelings of resentment and alienation, others have argued that it is the most fertile ground for the development a moral imagination. Indeed, numerous philosophers have shown a great deal of interest in the possibility of reading literature as a philosophical exercise, with proponents such as Martha Nussbaum and Iris Murdoch leading the quest for a philosophical style which is more representative of human experience than abstract, analytic texts.

This volume brings together 12 exciting new contributions to this debate, contextualised by a comprehensive and in-depth editorial introduction that delves into its conceptual lineage. Grouped into three thematic sections, chapters explore literature's ability to be argumentative, its potential to bring about moral growth, and the rich diversity of philosophical thought across different literary genres.

If my booking a flight doesn't make a difference to the plane taking off and to climate change, what reason is there for me not to fly? If my small donation doesn't make a difference to what Doctors Without Borders can achieve, why should I donate? If my purchase of a factory-farmed chicken doesn't make a difference to how many chickens suffer and die, why not just buy it These questions reflect a broader issue: the Inefficacy Problem, where individual actions seem insignificant in the face of collective harms.

This is the first edited volume dedicated exclusively to the Inefficacy Problem. It examines existing solutions, explores new ones, and sets the stage for future developments in the debate. Featuring contributions from Julia Nefsky, Chrisoula Andreou, Carolina Sartorio, Julia Driver, Mark Budolfson, and others, it offers a comprehensive look at this pressing issue. The book addresses central questions in the debate. Some chapters define the problem, while others explore instrumental solutions, arguing that even if we can't make a difference, we can still influence outcomes in meaningful ways. Additional chapters discuss non-instrumental solutions, maintaining that even when we are instrumentally insignificant, we can still be significant in some non-instrumental way (e.g., act out of fairness, or make a statement). Finally, some chapters draw parallels between interpersonal and intrapersonal dilemmas.

The Ethics of Inefficacy is an essential resource for researchers and graduate students in normative ethics, applied ethics, philosophy of responsibility, metaethics, metaphysics, epistemology, action theory, political philosophy, and philosophy of law.

Combining theory with practical perspectives from diverse disciplines, this volume provides a wide-ranging exploration of AI ethics across healthcare, education, military operations, and more.
As AI technology advances rapidly, ethical dilemmas become increasingly complex and multifaceted. This book uniquely addresses these challenges by bringing together cutting-edge research from philosophy, law, computer science, sociology, and psychology to offer a holistic understanding of AI ethics.

Divided into five parts, Part I, focused on moral reasoning, sets the stage by delving into the philosophical foundations necessary for understanding AI ethics. Chapters on recalibrating AI ethics, deskilling moral reasoning, and principles of care provide a robust theoretical framework. Parts II to IV address the practical applications of AI ethics in healthcare; wider societal contexts, from art to warfare; and education and business. The diverse expertise brought by an international team of leading and emerging scholars provides a rich and nuanced examination of timely issues including AI and mental health and algorithmic injustices. The final part then attends to AI safety, assessing the infeasibility of accurately monitoring advanced AI systems and the urgent safety, and ethical, considerations this necessitates.

Using real-word case studies throughout, such as prompt tests for algorithmic racism in ChatGBT 3.5, AI Ethics Explored is essential reading for anyone seeking a better understanding of the complicated ethical issues we all face and will continue to face as artificial technology evolves.

This book offers a comprehensive and accessible exploration of the concept of attractiveness and aesthetics through a multidisciplinary lens.

It addresses the fundamental questions: what makes something attractive, why humans are drawn to particular forms, and how we process and evaluate beauty in both people and artworks. Intertwining psychological, biological and cultural insights, it reveals the evolutionary underpinnings of what is deemed attractive in humans across different contexts. It uncovers how the brain processes aesthetic experiences using the latest techniques and insights from neuroscience. From there, it explores people's motivation to enhance their appearance to align with both societal and biological ideals of attractiveness, whether through natural means or artificial interventions. It also discusses the role of nonverbal cues in shaping attraction and perception. In addition to human appearance, the book explores our attraction to artworks and visual compositions: why do we prefer certain shapes, patterns, and styles? What makes some designs more visually appealing than others? It shows how this is shaped by psychological and cultural factors -- and why some pieces of art are universally admired.

Grounded in scientific research, yet written in accessible and engaging language, this book has broad appeal among students and researchers in psychology, evolutionary biology, neuroscience, anthropology and design; practitioners in beauty, fashion, art and product design; and the general reader wanting a fascinating insight into what guides our sense of beauty in everyday life.

A rich, interdisciplinary exploration of music through Japanese aesthetics that calls for a new way to think about nature and the role of silence.

The art, aesthetics, and philosophies of medieval Japan and its contemporary Kyoto School lie at the centre of this book. Daryl Jamieson applies East Asian aesthetics, rooted in nature and ways of being that are very different from those of late-capitalist subjects, to critique contemporary experimental music from both Japan and the western world.

Introducing the unique features of Japanese aesthetics, Jamieson connects it to the North American music tradition that includes John Cage and his deep interest in Zen and Fluxus artists such as Yoko Ono. His original interpretation of sound constructs a new way of being in the world, showing how we can cultivate a more ethical way of hearing which is grounded in our environment.

This is a treatise for an aesthetics grounded in Buddhism and a music based on the ethics of respect for the environment. For anyone interested in cross-cultural interpretations of art and reality, it tells us why listening to difficult, challenging and obscure music matters in our present era of crises.

For the first time, this volume brings together the writings, lectures, and correspondence of two of the most distinctive voices in twentieth-century French thought: Alexandre Kojeve (1902-1968) and Gaston Fessard (1897-1978).
Kojeve is widely regarded as one of the most influential philosophers in France. His Hegel seminars of the 1930s shaped an entire generation of intellectuals, including Georges Bataille, Jacques Lacan, and Raymond Aron. Among his closest interlocutors was Gaston Fessard, a leading Jesuit theologian and himself a member of the seminar.
Authority, History, and Political Theology charts Kojeve and Fessard's friendship through their reviews of each other's work, lectures, letters, and unpublished essays. These texts, many translated into English for the very first time, show how each thinker grappled with urgent political-theological issues, such as the rise of totalitarianism, secularism, and Marxism.
Including a historical introduction, the volume situates their exchange at the intersection of Hegelian philosophy, Catholic theology, and global politics. It shows how two readers of Hegel- one an atheist philosopher, the other a Jesuit theologian - challenge how we think about political life, the role of religion in the public sphere, and the meaning of the end of history. Part of Bloomsbury's Political Theologies series, this book is essential for readers interested in political theology, continental philosophy, and intellectual history.

Religious and Indigenous practices that counter despair, cultivate courage, and sustain moral action in the fight for environmental justice. Climate change is an ecological and political crisis, but it is also a spiritual one. Fractured relationships with the natural systems that sustain us and frustration with leaders' seeming inability to respond, has led many to grief, despair, burnout, and moral exhaustion. Indeed, current research on eco-anxiety and climate grief show that emotional overwhelm undermines collective action, even when solutions are known and available.

But there is a path forward, one found within religious and Indigenous traditions that have long cultivated practices for living with loss, sustaining hope, and acting ethically within fragile ecosystems. By bringing the psychology of climate grief into conversation with Indigenous and religious traditions, this book offers a framework for moving beyond paralysis toward resilient, justice-centered engagement. Each chapter draws on case studies from diverse Indigenous and religious traditions. challenging extractive worldviews, emphasizing relationality and interdependence, and grounding justice in care for land, community, and future generations. Together, they explore what it means to engage in inner activism: the work of moral courage, clarity, and presence that makes sustained ecological action possible. Practices of mindfulness, ritual, lament, storytelling, and community accountability are presented not as private coping strategies but as sources of collective resilience and ethical commitment. Emphasizing hope without denial and action without burnout, this book offers spiritual resources for transforming grief into courage, solidarity, and sustained engagement for ecological justice.

What does it look like for host communities in international health research to be treated fairly?

Multinational pharmaceutical companies and research funding institutions from high-income countries frequently sponsor clinical trials in low- and middle-income countries, where underdeveloped health and welfare systems raise significant ethical concerns. The power asymmetry between well-resourced foreign sponsors and local communities with limited bargaining power further amplifies concerns of unjust treatment and fears of exploitation.

By drawing upon arguments from health research ethics; political philosophy, particularly global distributive justice; and the literature on the principle of fair play, this book addresses a significant gap in the current discourse: the lack of a solid conceptual foundation for the claim that host communities are entitled to fair benefits. Felicitas Holzer discusses concerns related to structural injustice and proposes alternative mechanisms to secure fair benefits for host communities. Ultimately, Holzer argues that obligations of fair benefit-sharing arise from the requirements of fair cooperation between distinct stakeholders.

Challenges the dominant narratives that frame peace as a civilizational ideal. At a time when millions demand an end to war, occupation, and systemic oppression, this volume gathers diverse voices in a transnational and decolonial conversation. The contributors interrogate how "peace" is too often deployed as a mirage-reproducing systems of exclusion and violence under the guise of stability, order, and reform.

Exposing the coloniality embedded within hegemonic peace discourses, contributors reveal how imperial power configurations transform freedom into occupation, democracy into exclusion, and security into violence. Through critically self-reflective engagement with both religious and secular worldviews, contributors propose that peace is not an abstract ideal, but a deeply political construct shaped by empire, enforced through intervention, and justified by a faith in modernity's civilizing mission. Rejecting both reformist inclusion and idealized neutrality, these essays embody a political commitment to the tormented, the resisting, and the marginalized.

From "post-conflict" pacification to imperial "peace deals," contributors unmask peacebuilding as often war by other means-while advancing liberative spiritualities that reimagine peace as justice from below. This book is not merely critique-it is a call to transformation.

This volume brings together experts in ancient Mediterranean societies to explore ways in which space (real and imagined, lived and projected) contributed to conceptualisations of communal "flourishing" in Early Christianity and its broad ancient context.

How to live well, or "flourish", has long been an object of theorization; this volume approaches the issue of flourishing in Early Christianity from an historical perspective, exploring constructions of and conditions for flourishing in ancient literary, visual and material culture. An introductory chapter offers a theoretical and methodological framework for the book, while subsequent chapters examine the production of spaces ("ethnic," urban, liturgical and religio-political) in ancient sources from the 5th century BCE to the 8th century CE, illuminating how they shape, enable or interrupt aspects of flourishing. By bringing flourishing and space together with the ancient sources, this volume offers an historically grounded account of flourishing which has the ability to clarify and balance these contemporary discussions.

Balancing theory with detailed historiographical work, this book offers a crucial intervention in the field of Early Christian studies, suitable for students and scholars working on space and the spatial turn in Late Antiquity and Early Christianity.