歴史学 — 全 下位分類

For Nazi Germany, the ghetto was a conceptual tool used to facilitate social and political exclusion and further their anti-Jewish campaign. For the Jews who lived in them, the ghetto became the center of their lives-even though they were also sites of immense suffering.

Combining thorough historical research with an interdisciplinary analysis of the relationship between space and violence, Violent Space provides a unique insight into the history and the socio-spatial topography of the Jewish ghetto in German-occupied Warsaw (1939-1943). Using rare archival materials and firsthand accounts, many of which have never been translated into English, Anja Nowak traces out the trauma that the space of the ghetto inflicted on its Jewish inhabitants, and how it alienated, disoriented, and harmed them.

While the physical ghetto-its buildings, boundaries, and streets-has been reabsorbed and redefined by modern-day Warsaw's urban structure, Violent Space shows us that its presence still lingers in the narratives of those who were forced into this first phase of the Holocaust.

This book narrates the tumultuous era of total war through the fate of Aachen-Imperial Germany's seat of power for 600 years, site of Charlemagne's coronation as Holy Roman Emperor, and a place with greater geopolitical significance for Adolf Hitler in 1944 than Stalingrad in 1943.

This was a stark contrast with the events of the Great War: in 1918, the Imperial German Army had abandoned Aachen in a rout-like flight. In the Nazi period, however, Aachen became a major symbol of Germany's defiance against the Allies. For Hitler-his mind warped after surviving the Stauffenberg bomb plot-Germany's westernmost city became pivotal in his last-ditch defence of the 'thousand-year Reich'.

War Comes to Aachen weaves together the city's story from 1900, tracing its entrenched Catholic orthodoxy, its growth as an industrial urban centre, the demise of democracy, the rise of Nazism, the two world wars, and the Holocaust. The book surveys Churchill's wartime leadership and the destruction of pre-war Aachen through the lenses of military history and the anthropology of aerial bombing. Philip W. Blood's absorbing history concludes with Allied efforts to reshape German society after 1945, and with the use of remembrance as a means of socio-political control.

For centuries Jewish shtetls were an active part of Belarusian life; today, they are gone. The Belarusian Shtetl is a landmark volume which offers, for the first time in English, an illuminating look at the shtetls' histories, the lives lived and lost in them, and the memories, records, and physical traces of these communities that remain today.

Since 2012, under the auspices of the Sefer Center for University Teaching of Jewish Civilization, teams of scholars and students from many different disciplines have returned to the sites of former Jewish shtetls in Belarus to reconstruct their past. These researchers have interviewed a wide range of both Jews and non-Jews to find and document traces of Shtetl history, to gain insights into community memories, and to discover surviving markers of identity and ethnic affiliation. In the process, they have also unearthed evidence from old cemeteries and prewar houses and the stories behind memorials erected for Holocaust victims.

Drawing on the wealth of information these researchers have gathered, The Belarusian Shtetl creates compelling and richly textured portraits of the histories and everyday lives of each shtetl. Important for scholars and accessible to the public, these portraits set out to return the Jewish shtetls to their rightful places of prominence in the histories and legacies of Belarus.

What was life like for Jews who wanted to return to their former homes in Europe after the Holocaust? In Home after Fascism, Anna Koch draws on a rich array of interviews, correspondence, and archival research to tell the first-person homecoming stories of Jews in East Germany, West Germany, and Italy and explore the variety of ways they reconnected to the countries that had destroyed their homes, ostracized them, and killed and imprisoned their loved ones.

Even as returning Jews worked to recover lost or looted homes and possessions, they also struggled to make sense of their persecution and find a way to reclaim a sense of home. Essential to that reconnection, Koch argues, was the development of "emotional communities," which helped returnees process and reinterpret their feelings toward the countries they had fled for their lives and safety. Jews in West Germany emphasized detachment and marking their distance to justify living in a "country of murderers"; communists of Jewish origin in East Germany stressed an emotional connection to their comrades; and Italian Jews' emphasis on the historical attachment to their homeland highlighted their belonging within the national community of Italy.

Comparative, wide ranging, and often moving, Home after Fascism? reveals the determined resilience of a displaced generation of Jewish people following different paths across Europe to recover the feeling, reality, and power of home.

This book offers a bold and unsettling truth: the British Empire and Great Britain are primarily English constructions, and the Church of England benefited from English enterprise and exploitation, serving as the spiritual arm of the imperial project. English Anglicanism has cast itself as the lead character in its own 'serious fiction'--the main religious player in a drama of Church and Empire.

Yet, in collusion with colonialism, it is now trapped by historical amnesia. Martyn Percy examines the English interests concealed in appeals to Britishness, showing how slavery, exploitation, classism and racism upheld elitist and hierarchical worldviews that bolstered both Empire and Church. By viewing the rest of the world as lesser, both institutions have declined in global standing, now reduced to minor national players on the world stage.

Religious, social and political imperialism thrived on deprecating others, but those once marginalised have fought for equality and independence. Today, the worldwide Anglican Communion faces a new era of moral reckoning.

The German-American relationship is the decisive transatlantic dynamic of our time. Long seen as one of the most stable connections between Europe and America thanks to its well-defined Cold War structure and hierarchy, relations between Washington and Berlin have become much more volatile in the twenty-first century- and are playing an increasingly pivotal role in determining the degree to which Europe and the United States will be able to shape a rapidly changing world order.

Stabilising this uniquely complicated relationship will be no easy feat. At times more closely aligned politically, and more intertwined economically, than any other transatlantic pair, since the end of the Cold War these republics have seen their relations characterised by frequent diplomatic, cultural and philosophical clashes and misunderstandings, and a trail of disappointed expectations.

Peter Sparding examines the long history between the two countries and their peoples; the narratives and perceptions harboured by each nation concerning the other; and the evolution of diplomatic, economic and security ties. Appraising the complicated interplay between Germany and the United States vis-a-vis a rising China, and the domestic challenges facing both countries, his book offers an outlook on how this all-important relationship might function going forward.

Lithuania is often portrayed as a small nation- state that has survived against the odds of history: together with Estonia and Latvia, it won independence at the end of the First World War, lost it to the Soviet Union in 1939-40, regained it in 1990-1, and joined NATO and the EU in 2004, angering the Kremlin. But Lithuania's rich and complex history stretches back much further than these events, and much further than many realise.

In the fourteenth century, Europe's last pagan dynasty ruled a vast empire stretching from forests on the Baltic shores to the steppes north of the Black Sea. Forging a remarkable, liberty-based union with the Kingdom of Poland, for 400 years the Grand Duchy of Lithuania blocked Moscow's pretensions to rule all of Rus', particularly Belarus and Ukraine. Yet it was in competition with Poles, and under Russian imperial rule, that the modern ethnic Lithuanian nation emerged in the nineteenth century.

This is a lively and accessible history of a fascinating country that was once much larger than it is today; a land where, for centuries, peoples and communities-including Belarusians, Ukrainians, Germans, Poles, Russians, Jews, Karaites and Tatars-lived together in concord and discord.

This book challenges the historical common sense that the American Revolution terminated in the birth of the United States. Prevailing narratives of the Revolutionary period rest on the assumption that the war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1783. Yet from London to Philadelphia, and from the Six Nations' trans-Appalachian homelands to the shores of Sierra Leone, the decades after the treaty's signing roil with accounts that disturb the coherence of this chronological division. Insurgent Remains assembles a counter-archive of textual and visual materials-ranging from popular seduction tales and political cartoons to the writings of self-liberated African Americans-that furnishes alternative visions of revolutionary historical experience as an ongoing negotiation with violence and contingency. The book argues that the minor temporalities and political literacies registered in this archive cannot be accommodated by the progressive plot of nationalist history, in which the warfigures as a contest of only two sides (Tory/Whig, British/American, Loyalist/Patriot). Instead, they become legible as "remains": traces of attachments, modes of collective association, and unresolved struggles that bear insurgent political potential in their own right.

When Pauline Terreehorst bid for a vintage Gucci suitcase at Sotheby's Amsterdam, she had no idea what was inside. After picking up her prize, she found that the case was filled with dresses, fur collars and lace voiles, and accompanied by two brown boxes of postcard albums showing churches and castles in Austria, France, England and Scotland. This curious correspondence was addressed to an Austrian countess, businesswoman and philanthropist called Margarethe Szapary, and her daughter.