歴史学 — 全 下位分類

Twenty-Five Women Who Shaped the Celtic World takes readers on a whirlwind journey through over two millennia of sources that provide insight to the lives and lore of remarkable women in the Celtic tradition.

From approximately 500 BCE, when the so-called 'Lady of Vix' was interred in her Hallstatt-era cart burial in what would become Central France, to the twelfth century when the Irish, Welsh, and Scots navigated the changes brought by Anglo-Norman colonization, women's stories trace the rise and fall of the Celtic-speaking world. The chapters provide a broad and varied examination of historically attested women as well as the mythological, literary, and legendary women of the medieval tradition. Finally, women of the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century 'Celtic Revival' movement demonstrate the continued significance of the ancient and medieval Celtic past into the modern era.

While the Celtic past is all too often ignored or fetishized, this book provides readers with a concise yet fully contextualized introduction, valuable to anyone seeking to better their understanding of women's history and Celtic history.

This book paints a detailed picture of how anti-colonial publishing operated from the very heart of the British Empire in the middle of the 20th century.

Pointing to the vibrant interconnections between anti-colonial and Pan-African activists in Britain, it engages with their personal politics, political thought, and global links to recast how we think about both publishing and anti-colonialism at this time. It engages with activists on their own terms through a book history approach, one that takes seriously the printed manifestations of anti-colonial thought, and views printing and publishing as political activism.

Assessing various forms of Pan-African writing, from pamphlets and journals to novels and works of anthropology, this book unpacks how different activists 'did' their politics, and what these politics were. Delving into the literary works that supported and maintained British Pan-African activism, Writing against Empire highlights the central and crucial role of written texts to this movement. Unpicking the links between different thinkers and their works, and analysing how such a wealth of anti-colonial writers could operate within the very core of empire, Bowman gets to the heart of anti-colonial action in 20th-century Britain, and the centrality of print to this struggle.

The book offers a reassessment of Diodorus Siculus' historiographical principles and their application in the Bibliotheke Historike, approached through systematic analysis of the text rather than assumptions about its author as a passive compiler.

Readers will gain a rigorous re-evaluation of how Diodorus conceived, organised and executed his universal history, including its genre, programme, polemical method, use of speeches, structural principles, and moral framework. Rather than relying on presumptions about the author to explain the text, the book analyses the Bibliotheke on its own terms across five thematic chapters before synthesising the findings into a revised portrait of Diodorus as a historian. By uniting philological precision with interpretive moderation, this study aims to bridge a long-standing divide in scholarship between the two sides of the modern debate on the author.

The book is intended for scholars and students of ancient Greek historiography, Hellenistic history, and classical studies, as well as for those working on ancient literature. It will also be of interest to historians who rely on the Bibliotheke Historike as a source of information or are concerned with the broader questions of how universal histories were conceived and written in the ancient world.

A compelling exploration of how Mesopotamian discoveries reshaped biblical scholarship, and why their connection to the Bible made them matter. From the first public reading of the Babylonian flood story in 1872 to the controversies sparked by Delitzsch's Babel-Bible lectures, Lasine Thelle traces the formative encounters between Assyriology and biblical studies. This book reveals how excavations in Assyria and Babylonia, and the decipherment of Akkadian texts, transformed the study of the Old Testament and redefined core concepts still taken for granted today.

Through detailed analysis of major figures, including Wellhausen, Gunkel, and Mowinckel, Thelle shows how scholarly debates over creation myths, chronology, and cultural influence shaped modern biblical research. She also uncovers the reciprocal dynamic: Mesopotamia's appeal to Western explorers was inseparable from its perceived biblical significance.

Rich in historical insight and critical reflection, this study illuminates the intertwined histories of two disciplines and offers a fresh perspective on the intellectual currents that continue to inform contemporary scholarship.

This book argues that the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951 solved the historic French-German conflict over control of the coal deposits of the Ruhr valley. The product of a political bargain among the United States, France and Germany, the Treaty of Paris introduced radical new rules into the European order. For the first time in European history, cartels and powerful anticompetitive concentrations of economic power were banned.

The volume ties the problem of ensuring secure access to Ruhr coal to the larger security dilemma that long haunted French-German relations. It argues that, in effect, wars and cartels were alternative solutions to the same underlying dilemma in the period from the mid-19th to mid-20th centuries, which featured three wars and two armed occupations involving France and Germany. It discusses the importance of the economic complementarity between coal and ore in relation to the economic and security relations between France and Germany. Above all, it highlights the role played by the novel competition law regime in permanently ending the old cycle of wars and cartels that had cursed Europe through the end of World War II.

Beyond Wars and Cartels will be invaluable to those interested in postwar European history seen from a new angle as well as specialists in antitrust and competition law who compare US and American law, historians and political scientists.

While scholarship on the Armenian Genocide has expanded significantly in recent years, the history of the concentration camps in present-day Syria, where Ottoman authorities deported Armenians during the death marches, remains largely understudied.


This is the first book to offer an in-depth and multifaceted examination of these camps. The chapters trace the origins and development of the camp system and document the atrocities committed at infamous sites such as Deir ez-Zor, Ras al-Ain, Meskene and others. Contributors explore the brutal realities of daily life in the camps, the interactions between deportees and local populations, as well as the ways in which some Armenians managed to resist and survive against overwhelming odds. Combining a comparative perspective that situates the camps within a global context with detailed analyses of specific locations, this volume provides critical new insights into the operation and function of concentration camps during the Armenian Genocide.

This book provides an insightful exploration of how a German policeman, Mathias Mueller (Police Battalion 309), was involved in Nazi atrocities and mass murder behind the frontline in the Soviet Union during the Second World War. It does this through the analysis of Mueller's own words and the actions he describes in the voluminous correspondence he shared with his wife at the time.

Self-Portrait of a Holocaust Perpetrator examines the correspondence from the perspective of the police unit's operational history and considers Mathias Mueller's language in relation to discourses and discursive elements of the Third Reich. Schnell reflects on the personalities behind the letters, Mathias and Meta, and the rules of their 'correspondence game'. He also goes on to consider the narrative strategies Mueller uses to convince his wife that he has an important role to fulfil in the East, without openly talking about what he and his comrades actually were doing. For though Mueller was very much in line with the ideas and aims of the NS-leadership, his wife was not, and he had to navigate this problem skilfully in the correspondence.

The book is a unique and revealing study of a lower-rank Holocaust perpetrator that will enrich the understanding of all students and scholars of the Holocaust and the Second World War.

Examining a vast corpus of literary references and artistic representations, this volume offers the first comprehensive study of the ketos - the sea monster imagined by the ancient Greeks and Romans.

The chapters examine the three central traditions of thought that existed about this imaginary animal in Graeco-Roman culture. The first tradition concerns the ketos as a divinely associated monster: a force aligned with marine gods (chiefly Poseidon) and one which was fought by Heracles and Perseus. The second tradition features the ketos in more naturalised contexts, as depicted among ancient geographers and historians, as a type of monster roaming the distant waters of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The third tradition concerns the fusion of the ketos with Leviathan and the other Old Testament sea monsters in the minds of early Christians. Accordingly, this classical sea monster became the image of the creature that swallowed Jonah, and, alternatively, a monster associated with the Devil and cosmological evil.

While other monsters of Graeco-Roman mythology, such as the Minotaur and Medusa, are household names in modern popular culture, the ketos has effectively been lost in the modern imagination. Yet it was no small part of the Graeco-Roman imagination. This sea monster formed a key aspect as to how the sea-adjacent societies of ancient Greece and Rome perceived ancient marine environments. It was this fantastic sea beast that so haunted ancient mariners, and in turn, which contributed to ancient perceptions of the marine world as a profoundly alien and hostile environment.

Counters universalist narratives of mainstream feminism by examining the power exerted by four white women writer-activists to shape American society from the 1860s to 1930s.

White Woman's Burden focuses on four American writer-activists who were significant if secondary actors in the historical push for two rights that disproportionately served elite women: suffrage and equal higher education. Reflecting regional ideas about whiteness and womanhood from Massachusetts to New Mexico, Elizabeth Agassiz, Annie Fields, Annie Nathan Meyer, and Nina Otero-Warren embodied and helped nationalize the domestically defined versions of their era's mainstream feminism. Through their participation in advances in science, literary culture, higher education, state government, and language rights, these four women advocated for the interrelated objectives of (white) women's rights, US imperialism, and white nationalism. In challenging the assumption that white women's political involvement supported and supports universal goals that serve other marginalized groups, White Woman's Burden revisits mainstream feminist responses to the nineteenth-century "theory of influence," arguing that elite women's practices of social power developed during that period continue to shape our ideas about womanhood and activism into the present-from the contemporary belief in (white) women's innate civic-mindedness to white women's voting patterns in recent US presidential elections.

Between 1975 and 1983, Guatemala's hydrocarbon development became deeply entangled with state-led violence during the country's civil war. The United States' efforts to secure favorable access to Guatemalan oil intersected with-and in some cases redirected-the trajectory of U.S. foreign assistance and human rights policy.

In the first book on U.S.-Guatemalan hydrocarbon relations, Richard M. Balzano exposes the arms-for-aid diplomacy and duplicity in the Reagan administration, who actively supported the Guatemalan government as they inflicted violence on their own citizens. US-Guatemalan Petro-Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century makes several original contributions to the existing scholarship on Guatemalan energy development and inter-American resource imperialism. Balzano challenges the notion that Guatemala was a peripheral concern in Reagan's Cold War strategy in Central America, arguing instead that it played a pivotal role in shaping U.S. regional policy.

U.S. political history is often told through certain perspectives. Whether that is of certain personalities, presidential elections, or political crises, the history of American politics around administrations, ideological conflicts, and pivotal moments, treating each era as distinct. But often these histories fail to compare causes and consequences across time, confusing correlation with causation, mistaking anecdotes for drivers.

This book provides an analytic history of American politics from 1763 to 2024. Focused on conscious efforts to shape public policy, Byron Shafer and Regina Wagner guide their readers through 260 years by relying on four analytical categories that span across the timeline of this narrative. Leveraging analyses of social cleavages, intermediary organizations, governmental institutions, and the policymaking process, the authors are thus able to compare and contrast the efforts to effect policy in different eras and within different contexts. With this new perspecting on American politics, Shafer and Wagner help us better understand our past and contextualize our present.

A lively, accessible introduction to the asymmetrical relationship between the United States and Mexico, one of the most formative international relationships in geopolitics today.

The border between the US and Mexico is the world's longest between a wealthy industrialized nation and a part of the Global South. The economy, society, culture, and politics of the two nations have become inextricably linked.

As the United States continues to assert its considerable geopolitical power, this book reminds us that this trend runs deep in the country's history, starting with its closest neighbors. Buchenau explores US territorial expansion, the Mexican Revolution of 1910, disputes over agricultural and mineral wealth, and the migration of Mexican laborers. Despite that massive power imbalance, Buchenau shows us that Mexico's influence on the United States is just as significant as the inverse.

In A Fight for Visibility, Donna E. Reeves explores how Black Memphians fought to maintain dignity and self-respect during the post-Reconstruction period and Jim Crow era by challenging the negative images of African Americans produced by Confederate loyalists as part of the Lost Cause narrative.

After the Civil War, Black Memphians actively struggled against the white Memphis establishment, which tried to shackle the movement and development of various Black communities. The more white Memphians tried to contain African Americans, the more African American residents stood against those efforts. Reeves surveys the history of Memphis in the postwar era, uncovering the motivations behind the Confederate monument-building frenzy at the end of the nineteenth century. She argues that the ceremonies and narratives of this period served to freeze Black people in deferential roles in the minds of white southerners. In response, through subtle and not-so-subtle avenues, Black residents challenged the notion that they were second-class citizens and sought to show that they were just as worthy of citizenship as their white counterparts.

Reeves focuses on two themes emblematic of the city's racial struggles. The first was the decades-long presence of a statue depicting the infamous Confederate general, slave trader, and first grand wizard of the Ku Klux Klan, Nathan Bedford Forrest, in the downtown area. The second was the hosting, beginning in the 1930s, of the Cotton Carnival, an event at which white residents and tourists, greeted by Black women dressed as plantation "mammies," celebrated the role of cotton in Memphis's history. When Black Memphians challenged depictions of their race at this annual event, they were not just rejecting demeaning stereotypes; they were also rejecting the white southern mindset that saw Black people in the role of servant and entertainer.

Reeves examines the myriad ways that Black Memphians protested both the continued presence of the Forrest statue and the Cotton Carnival. Black residents, she suggests, wanted more than simply to demand the removal of the statue (which eventually occurred) and to correct the powerful, mythologized memory of slavery. They saw these sites of protest as an opportunity to take control of the image of Black citizens and to challenge the widespread belief that only white people could lead the city in politics and business.