労働経済・労働問題 — 全 下位分類

Key Features:

• Focuses on those involved in the governance of labour, from employers to trade unions
• Synthesises several decades of research to help the reader understand the growth of precarious work
• Critically discusses contemporary challenges, including the aftereffects of COVID-19 and the climate crisis

The Concise Introduction to Employment Relations is beneficial to students focusing on human resources, industrial relations, economics and employment studies. Those studying sociology and organisational behaviour will also find it valuable.

AI Will Take Your Job, and It's for the Best is a bold and timely exploration of how artificial intelligence is reshaping the future of work-and why this transformation is something to embrace rather than fear.

In a world where automation is rapidly replacing human tasks, this book offers a fresh, optimistic perspective. It explores how AI, far from being a job-stealing threat, presents humanity with the opportunity to redefine the meaning of work and purpose. Jeff Schatten and Theresa Aires dive deep into the economics, sociology, and psychology behind this shift, introducing the AI Growth and Redistribution Impact Doctrine (AI-GRID). This framework lays out a set of guiding principles and policy recommendations to ensure that AI's benefits are distributed equitably, offering a practical roadmap for policymakers, business leaders, and individuals alike.

AI Will Take Your Job, and It's for the Best examines how AI will free people from mundane tasks, allowing them to pursue more meaningful and creative roles. From the rise of the human-AI hybrid workforce to discussions on Universal Basic Income, Schatten and Aires provide a vision of a future where AI and humanity coexist for mutual benefit and offer an insightful and thought-provoking look at the opportunities ahead. It's more than a forecast-it's a guide to thriving in the age of AI and embracing the radical new social contract it requires.

Bringing together a diverse array of leading experts, this Companion goes beyond exploring pure labour issues, delving into the societal dynamics at play in the sector. The various actors in app-based food delivery are identified and key themes such as the mobilisation of food delivery couriers, their issues and grievances, and their working conditions are discussed. Regulatory reforms including the Platform Work Directive 2024 and the outcomes of courier mobilisation are explored in addition to alternatives to corporate platforms.

The Elgar Companion to Regulating Platform Work is a fundamental resource for academics and students of sociology and social policy, labour policy and economics and employment relations law. Practitioners, policymakers, trade unionists and labour advocates will also find the book's practical implications to be of great benefit.

This book advances the debate on the hybrid areas of labour by taking the case of work arrangements that destabilise the dichotomies between standard and non-standard work and between self-employment and dependent employment. By maintaining the connection between structural conditions and human agency, it focuses not only on how workers at the boundaries between employment and self-employment are affected by social norms and institutions but also on how they can shape them in turn, especially through collective organising.

The analysis presents the main findings of the ERC project SHARE - Seizing the Hybrid Areas of work by Representing self-Employment - a six-year transdisciplinary and multi-method study conducted by combining comparative analysis of labour laws and labour force surveys with a cross-national ethnography carried out in six European countries: Germany, France, Italy, Slovakia, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. By proposing to use 'Hybrid as Method', the tensions between employment and self-employment are analysed to challenge the hierarchy encoded in this dichotomy and to problematise its boundaries. Indeed, the category of hybrid has proved promising not only for understanding which categories are at stake but also how they have been historically constructed and how they may be differently imagined and conceptualised.

This book will be of interest to students and scholars of all social sciences, particularly those who study the ongoing processes of individualisation and the novel forms of organising developed in the hybrid areas of labour. It will also be useful to activists and trade unionists, as well as policymakers.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 International license.

Dignity in the context of work organisations has been explored by a range of scholars globally, yet the potential of this interdisciplinary concept is overwhelmed by our commitment to outdated philosophies and the narrow paradigmatic concerns of academic subdisciplines. Bringing together the work of sociologists, philosophers, political theorists, and a wide selection of business and management scholarship, this book highlights areas in which 'workplace' dignity needs a rethink.

Starting with the foundational philosophical assumptions, this book challenges a deontological ethic and a simple atomistic view of persons. A specific thesis of dignity as emergent from social performance is presented which is informed by symbolic interactionism, actor-network theory, and liberal and feminist philosophy.

With organisational examples throughout, this radical rethink has serious implications not only for the study of dignity in the context of contemporary work activity but also respecifies how we think about our obligations to ourselves and others in networks of relations.

The Research Handbook on Gender, Work and Employment Relations
examines perennial workplace gender equality issues such as women's economic security as well as emerging issues concerning the gig economy, the fourth industrial revolution, and gendered bodies. Chapter contributors place issues in their historical contexts to deepen understanding of the development of workplace gender equality. Ultimately, authors adopt a future-centric focus, emphasising practical developments and initiatives that lie at the heart of how work and employment relations systems are organised, regulated and reproduce gendered workplaces, while opening possibilities for transformative changes towards gender equality.

Academics and students focusing on industrial/employment relations, organisational studies, sociology, human resource management, gender studies and queer studies will find this Research Handbook to be of great benefit. It is also useful for policy makers, activists and employment relations practitioners.

Bringing together contributions from over 60 leading labour scholars, this Companion critically investigates the ILO's Decent Work Agenda and how it links to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. Chapters look ahead to the future of labour trends and address a range of perspectives, including viewpoints from political science, economics, sociology and law. A comprehensive analysis of the decent work deficit is provided, along with an examination of the global labour market. Ultimately, the Companion discusses pressing issues such as ecological crises and the growing effect of the gig economy and automation on the changing nature of work, addressing the gap between aspirations and the reality of the global labour market.

This prescient Companion is vital for students and scholars of labour studies, economics, international relations and law. Offering an important overview of the history of the Decent Work Agenda, it is also beneficial to practitioners and policy advocates.

Labor Evangelicals studies theologically conservative working class evangelicals in the United States who resist the common preconception that they eagerly embrace deregulation, unfettered markets, and globalized capital. Methodologically, this book studies evangelical workers at the grassroots level to discern the complexity of their perspectives about work, unions, class, and power. This book shows how white and African American evangelicals think about labor in working-class communities in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and Moncure, North Carolina.

The public sector urgently needs more personnel and must actively engage with the labor market to distinguish itself from the private sector. Scholars recommend developing a strong "public service brand" and using sector-specific motives to attract individuals who prefer public sector employment. However, public-specific signaling often fails to attract a diverse range of applicants. This book examines the signaling strategies in public and private job advertisements and explores how the public sector can emulate private sector appeal while balancing personnel policy trade-offs involved with this manipulation. A linguistic analysis of 5,000 public and private job advertisements was performed to reveal significant sectoral differences in word choice and content emphasis. Further, a preregistered online survey experiment measured the intention to apply to job advertisements with varying signaling intensities. Therefore, this book enhances the understanding of recruitment messaging and strategies to bridge public-private sector differences.

This book explores user labor in the internet age, offering innovative perspectives on digital labor. It broadens the discussion on topics like technology and power, the reproduction of network user labor, labor relations in cyberspace, economic rewards of network user labor, and especially the non-economic rewards of network user labor. Specifically, the book examines the impact of technology, power, and capital on network user labor, the control exerted by media platforms over this labor, and the payment methods for both economic and non-economic rewards.

This book offers a comprehensive history of the Ethiopian labour movement, exploring the impact of trade unions and workers' militancy from the 1960s onwards. The author analyses the sharp variation in the orientation and vicissitudes of the labour movement over time, and how these have affected labour conditions and wages. Drawing from new data gathered through extensive archival research in Ethiopia and abroad, this book is the first of its kind. It presents new datasets on strikes, unrest and wage levels, shedding light on how capitalist labour and industrial relations have developed in Ethiopia. Addressing a huge gap in the literature on African labour movements, this book makes a significant contribution to debates on trade unionism, workers' agency and wage determination in peripheral capitalist settings, and challenges existing assumptions through detailed investigation.

Nearly one-third of US workers must obtain a license from a government agency to perform their jobs legally. This impacts employees across all areas, including lawyers, doctors, and accountants, as well as florists, hairdressers, physical therapists, and plumbers. The justification for occupational licensing is that potential consumers allegedly lack the information and knowledge to judge the competence of a service provider. This necessitates a licensing system built to ensure that customers are served by people who have received adequate training and certification in their profession.

While there are recognizable benefits of occupational licensing, the training and certification requirements create barriers to entry for employees or those entering the profession. These barriers can limit competition, raise service costs, and restrict consumer access to essential services. Recent empirical work suggests that consumers have incurred these costs without being adequately protected from incompetent or unscrupulous service providers. This book addresses this situation head on.

In light of occupational licensing's shortcomings, the authors of this book propose and analyze constructive reforms, assessing their effects on key professions such as law, medicine, and finance. Chapters identify the significant costs of current policies and they recommend practical reforms that rely more on market forces. The resulting book provides new ways to reduce licensing costs without compromising service quality.

This book makes an innovative, sociologically informed contribution to academic and policy discussions about informal work, skills and training for lifelong learning (LLL) and the promise of decent work and just transitions for sustainable development. It does so with an explicit focus on challenges and opportunities as they shape informal economies and the experiences of informal workers in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, and the Asia Pacific. The authors highlight historical and contemporary characteristics of informality in different regions from a political economy of LLL perspective. This political economy approach draws on theories of post- and neo- colonialism, space, place and globalisation, critical accounts of curriculum and pedagogy in skills and vocational education and training. The book will appeal to students and scholars of education, particularly adult education and LLL and technical and vocational education and training, as well as sociology, labour economics, and international and sustainable development.

This book introduces readers to "cognitive economics," a rapidly emerging interdisciplinary science built on economic, psychological, and data scientific foundations. Throughout the book, economist Andrew Caplin provides new approaches to help scholars collaborate and solve problems that can shape economic outcomes and bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and the real world.

Divided into two parts, the first section brings readers up to speed on economic concepts that underlie decision-making mistakes, such as utility functions, subjective beliefs, and costs of learning. It also explores real-world applications, including improvements in legal decision-making, online privacy protection, and optimizing human-AI collaboration. The book also discusses the future impact of AI on the workforce and emphasizes the need for decision-making skills and financial literacy in navigating this evolving landscape. In the second section of the book, Caplin addresses the barriers to progress within social sciences, advocating for interdisciplinary cooperation and innovative measurement techniques to advance the field.

The book invites readers to contribute to the development of cognitive economics. Whether you are a socially-conscious and hard-working citizen, business leader, scholar, or policymaker, this book will help you understand why cognitive economics matters to you and how you can contribute to its takeoff.

This book is available open access, which means it is freely available online.

Generations in the World of Work provides invaluable data-informed insights into the intergenerational dynamics in today's workplaces.

Generational experts and authors of Generation Z: A Century in the Making, Corey Seemiller and Meghan Grace present the perceptions, motivations, and preferences of various generational cohorts and share how those shape individual behaviors, communication and collaboration, as well as wider organizational structures and norms. They offer guidance for how to maximize productivity and relationships to navigate dynamics across generational cohorts.

Generations in the World of Work offers employees, managers, and organizational leaders guidance for maximizing productivity, relationships, wellbeing, and engagement across generational differences in order to create thriving workplaces that value and leverage each person's strengths.

Despite a century of progress since the realisation of women's suffrage in the US and UK, gender inequalities persist in politics, in the workplace, and within organisations. The persistent lack of women in influential positions, shaped by structural bias, harassment, and discrimination, underscores the hurdles that women still encounter. Despite progress, significant barriers remain, casting a shadow over women in the professional spheres.

In Gender Equality in the Professional Workplace, author Karen R. Vollum-Dix delves into the ongoing gender equality struggle by examining women's challenges in powerful roles. She addresses issues like workplace harassment, institutional misogyny, and executive role disparities. Vollum-Dix aims to inspire impactful actions for lasting change. Introducing the new concept of Auto-duoethnography and incorporating Ecofeminism, Radical Feminism, and Futures and Foresight, the study explores the author's experiences, challenges, and the potential future scenarios concerning women's social and professional positions. While the central focus is on women's roles, her work also acknowledges how societal shifts, like recent challenges to recruitment procedures, affect men, thereby prompting a broader consideration of both genders. Ultimately, Vollum-Dix's work underscores the need for everyone to learn and unlearn in response to changing workplaces and societies.

Professionals across various fields, including gender studies, human resources, diversity and inclusion, organisational leadership, social sciences, and women's advocacy, benefit from Vollum-Dix's insight. Additionally, individuals in positions of authority, managers, policymakers, and those concerned with addressing gender disparities and advancing women's empowerment in workplaces and society discover insightful viewpoints in this important work.

This book examines labor market policy and institutional reforms and their impact on outcomes in the Chinese labor market, utilizing both institutional and empirical study perspectives. It furnishes readers with academic evidence essential for comprehending the transformation of labor policies and institutions within the Chinese context-an emerging market economy housing one of the largest workforces globally. The main content of this book is divided into two parts: (i) Social institutions and labor market policies, encompassing topics such as trade unions and union wage premiums, minimum wage regulations and wage distributions, labor contracts, employment security and the high education expansion policy. (ii) Wage and employment institutions in the workplace, including areas such as seniority wages, mandatory retirement systems, the wage-experience profile, the dual labor market phenomenon, discrimination against women and minority ethnic workers, work hours, work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and the influences of Communist Party of China membership on managerial promotions. This book presents academic evidence on these issues, grounded in institutional transition background, economic theories, and empirical studies. It draws upon various Chinese nationwide representative survey datasets. This book is highly recommended for readers interested in institutional transitions, seeking up-to-date and in-depth empirical studies on the associations between labor policies/institutions and labor market outcomes. It particularly appeals to those with an interest in the Chinese economy, labor policymakers, scholars with a background in econometric analysis, and managers in companies.

This edited volume examines how some OECD countries have adapted to new challenges in the labor market by evaluating and analyzing public programs implemented before, during, and after Covid-19. To gain a comprehensive understanding, the volume adopts a multidisciplinary approach, with chapters contributed by authors from diverse disciplines and academic and professional backgrounds.

Focusing or Fragmenting Representation at Work? reflects on how existing forms of workplace representation have changed in recent years and how new forms have developed. There is increasing interest in 'fine-tuning' representation, and in reflecting the complexity and nuances of specific groups of workers and themes at work such as equality, ecology, learning, and others. However, this study examines the extent of these developments and what they represent as innovative trade union roles. Chapters examine a wide range of highly prescient workplace issues, including:

• The changing role of the health and safety representative
• Equality representatives and new forms of trade union voice
• Learning, training and union representation
• Young workers in trade union revitalization
• 'Green reps' and the matter of ecological questions and politics

Focusing or Fragmenting Representation at Work? ends by reviewing the challenges and debates on new forms of trade union representation and raises proactive and thought provoking questions for academic researchers examining trade unions, industrial relations and the sociology of work, as well as current trade unionists and trade union representatives.

Featuring a balance of texts on the changing nature of and the history of trade union change and transformation, the series Trade Unionism gives space for in-depth, detailed analysis and captures key themes on the nature of internationalism and trade unionism.

This book provides original and groundbreaking insights into the development and outcomes of multigenerational workforce strategies in Australian workplaces through the combined lens of age, gender and caring. Based on a large-scale study and real-world case studies with six Australian organisations, it highlights leading policies and practices that promote successful ageing at work, identifies optimal work designs for older workers' participation, engagement and wellbeing at work, and offers strategies to support workers to combine work and unpaid care at different times in their lives. The book offers essential guidance for those undertaking research on multigenerational workforces, and for managers, human resource staff, diversity and inclusion staff, and other practitioners in organisations seeking to deepen their understanding of age- and gender-inclusive workforce policies and practices in the context of ageing populations and workforces.

This revised and updated book provides unique insight into cross-border labor mobility, from the ancient forms of slavery to the present day. With a focus on the economic factors that underpin human mobility across the world, it charts the different forms of migration from African and Amerindian slaveries, to modern global migration and human trafficking. By highlighting the economic and political conditions that drive human mobility and anti-immigrant sentiments, a nuanced and detailed understanding of the drivers of forced and voluntary cross-border mobility are presented.

This book presents a multidisciplinary understanding of the patterns and processes that define human mobility. It will be of interest to students, researchers, and policymakers working within labour economics and migration studies.

This book analyses the transition of South Asian nations from agrarian to industrialized economies, which is accompanied by a widening gap between agricultural and non-agricultural growth rates and a greater income disparity between farmers and urban residents.

The chapters, contributed by experts in the field, analyze various issues in the transitional process of economic development in South Asia by focusing mainly on India's "agricultural adjustment problem" and the issues concerning industrial sectors. The book deals first with challenges related to the farmers' struggles, including traders and processors, and how they can adapt to the more sophisticated market demand for their products emerging mainly in urban areas or even abroad. It then focuses on the developments in the non-agricultural sector, introducing a global value chain (GVC) perspective. It finally analyses trends in labor migration and labor markets closely linked to the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.

This book is a valuable addition to the field of Development Economics and South Asian Economics.