社会福祉・社会保障 — 全 下位分類

This book extends the literature on multidimensional poverty and economic deprivation by providing insights into the well-being of the US population. Written for policymakers, researchers, economists, and others studying poverty, this resource documents multidimensional deprivation in the US, examines variation in its incidence and intensity across demographic cohorts and geographic locales, and considers the corresponding implications for the American social contract.

Multidimensional deprivation is chronicled using data extracted from the 2008-2023 American Community Survey Public Use Microdata surveys (ACS-PUMS). The extensive data, which includes information for nearly 48 million individuals, enable a thorough exploration of multidimensional deprivation in the US, serving as a valuable complement to the official income-based measures of poverty.

This book explores the profound ways in which key thinkers from the Greek Christian East engaged with the realities of human frailty, impairment, and divine purpose.
Edited by Petre Maican, the collection features essays on figures such as Irenaeus of Lyon, Origen, the Cappadocians, John Chrysostom, Maximus the Confessor, and John Damascene. Each contribution brings these voices to life for a modern audience, offering fresh perspectives that illuminate their relevance to contemporary conversations within disability theology. This volume bridges the ancient and the modern, fostering dialogue and creativity.

This open access volume connects the moral arguments for universal basic income (UBI) with the empirical evidence from recent experiments focused on UBI. Examining the costs and benefits associated with UBI, the book bridges the gap between the moral arguments for UBI and the empirical evidence from international UBI experiments. The resulting text will help readers evaluate the viability of UBI as a sustainable policy solution.

With contributions from economists, philosophers, sociologists, and more, the book highlights different models for UBI and examines the trade-offs involved. Chapters investigate the long-term impacts of UBI on labor markets, social cohesion, and institutional trust. By integrating empirical evidence with ongoing moral debates, the book analyzes the potential of UBI.

The volume includes detailed studies of UBI experiments conducted in the US, Europe, and other regions. Contributors analyze the wide range of outcomes, such as changes in work hours, educational achievements, caregiving activities, stress levels, hospitalization rates, food security, crime rates, and adolescent behavior. Chapters explore the ecological impacts of UBI, considering how it might affect consumption patterns and contribute to a just ecological transition. This multidisciplinary approach provides a balanced examination of UBI from multiple perspectives.

Determining the Value of Universal Basic Income provides insights into the financial costs and benefits of UBI, its effects on various social indicators, and its potential to foster a more equitable society. Readers will gain a deep understanding of the economic, social, and ecological implications surrounding UBI.

This book offers a comprehensive, interdisciplinary framework for addressing the global burden of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Bridging neuroscience, mental health, and policy, this volume responds to the urgent need for integrated disability care, particularly in the wake of a post-COVID-19 surge in MDD cases worldwide.

The book explores advanced neurobiological insights, such as prefrontal-limbic dysfunction and fMRI-guided interventions, alongside evidence-based mental health strategies, including stigma reduction, cognitive-behavioral therapies, and digital health tools. Emphasizing person-centered care, it provides practical guidance for curriculum development, telehealth integration, and empowerment-driven approaches, with a focus on equity and access in low-resource settings.

Structured across seven chapters, the volume covers foundational disability care, neurological and mental health perspectives, systems-based integration, person-centered models, empowerment strategies, and policy innovations. Designed for clinicians, educators, researchers, and policymakers, this SpringerBrief equips readers with actionable tools to enhance resilience, recovery, and inclusive care for individuals living with MDD-related disability.

By combining rigorous science, innovative practice, and policy reform, this book fills critical gaps in the literature and serves as an essential resource for advancing disability care in mental health globally.

Drawing on a wide variety of print and digital media sources, this book discusses the need for inclusion and authentic portrayals of disability and neurodiversity in the media, as the primary way that most people learn about them.

Containing 15 newly written chapters drawing on representations of disability in popular culture from film, television, social media, and print media in both the Global North and the Global South, including the United States, Ukraine, Japan, India and Italy, this volume shows that although disability and neurodiversity have long been framed using a limited range of stereotypical tropes such as victims, supercrips, or suffering patients, and have functioned as what scholars refer to as narrative prosthesis, storylines and characters involving prominent disability themes and representations are making their way into an increasing number of mainstream media productions and publications. The question remains whether the increased quantity is correlated with increased quality of representation and inclusion for people with disabilities.

This insightful volume will be of interest to all scholars and students of disability studies, cultural studies, media and film studies, gender studies, and sociology more broadly.

The aim of this publication is to present the results of research on the use of AI tools' potential in revolutionizing healthcare services.

The book presents a study on the identification of unmet health needs in aging societies, indicating a gap in the supply of medical services. While the senior population is among the groups that frequently use healthcare services and where the demand gap is particularly visible, they are presented to better illustrate the need and the potential of AI tools. The proposed models and recommendations have broader applications, addressing different patient groups and entire healthcare systems outlining the benefits and risks of using AI in the healthcare market. Moreover, the authors will focus on the implementation of AI tools that have not yet been adopted due to organizational and legal barriers in medical entities. The book also presents legal regulations aimed at establishing systemic liability of entities in the medical sector and protecting confidential data stored and processed in these systems, with particular emphasis on the legal protection of seniors in the health services market in the era of AI development. Furthermore, the authors will explore cutting-edge technologies that ensure the safety of AI use in medical services. These technologies enable healthcare providers to deliver interactive, health-promoting tools to healthcare providers and patients based on the latest medical, pharmaceutical, and IT knowledge. By equipping patients with accurate information about their health status and treatment regimens, these tools mitigate the risks associated with misinformation from unreliable sources, thereby supporting informed decision-making in healthcare.

This book explores how adoption evolved in Germany's turbulent twentieth century, experiencing both drastic changes and unexpected continuities.

The history of adoption in twentieth-century Germany has been dramatic and complex. The Weimar Republic's assumption of responsibility for children's welfare in 1922 empowered state authorities to regulate private adoption agencies, to set up their own public adoption offices, and to require prospective adoptive parents to prove their competence to social workers. These policies subsequently allowed nazis, communists, and democrats to frame adoption policies to match their social and political goals and values. Differing conceptions of the best interests of the child and the family, redefinitions of "family", changing criteria for a family's or child's suitability for adoption, abduction, international adoption, and even European integration all came into play, empowering authorities to define, regulate and sometimes even forbid adoptive relationships to that end. The evolution of German adoption and German society reflected each other, showing both fundamental changes and unexpected continuities, and deepening our understanding of both.

Cancer Ecologies: A Queer Femme Portal invites readers on a journey through the tangled roots of the current cancer epidemic.

Moving between personal accounts and eco-critical reflections, the Nina Lykke and Camila Marambio ask: What if cancer is not just a personal tragedy or monstrous invader, but a symptom of Earth in distress - a message from the planet itself? Challenging the idea of cancer as an isolated enemy to be eradicated, this book sees it as a manifestation of the toxic entanglements of the Anthropocene: capitalist extraction, colonial exploitation, and environmental degradation.

Through an eco-ethics of softness, the authors - one living with cancer, the other a carer to a partner who died from it - explore how cancer might be approached as a portal: as a conversation between pain and possibility, between necropolitics and vibrantly ongoing life. Encouraging readers to understand themselves not as separate from Earth, but as lovers entangled with peatmoss, the microalgae, diatoms, and other humble creatures that sustain us, Cancer Ecologies experiments with a genre-bending methodology: part poetic story-telling and part eco-philosophical analysis. The book offers a transformative rethinking of cancer: less as a battle, more as an invitation to compost grief and cultivate ongoing cycles of life and death, rooted in relationality, shared vulnerability, and practices of joy.

This book explores how social work can navigate and shape the rapidly evolving dynamics of race, ethnicity, and culture. At a time when national debates and global changes are intensifying, this book provides a much-needed intellectual space to critically examine the current landscape and envision a future that aligns with social work's core values of justice, equity, and inclusion.

Through a collection of thought-provoking chapters, the book delves into the challenges and opportunities that race, ethnicity, and culture present for social work practice, research, and education. Each chapter offers a reflective and critical appraisal of the present while proposing creative, preventive, and innovative solutions to promote racial and social justice. The authors encourage readers to embrace future thinking-an equity-centered, proactive approach that empowers us to co-create a more just and inclusive world rather than passively accept one dictated by external forces.

This book is an essential resource for students, social work practitioners, educators, and researchers interested in racial and social justice, cultural competence, equity-centered practice, and innovative approaches to social work education.

The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work.

This book contributes to the exploration of the concept of time in the social sciences and philosophy, by reflecting on the ontological presuppositions of medical science and what this means for the response to communicable infection. By examining infection as a process that resists segmentation, prediction, and control, the author exposes the ontological limits of linear divisible time as it is routinely mobilised by biomedicine and health governance to make life knowable and governable. Rather than abandoning time, it recognises it as a powerful technical device, one that has come to be treated as a mirror of reality rather than as an intervention that actively shapes what can be known, valued, and acted upon in the face of potentially lethal infection. The book will appeal to scholars in sociology, social theory, philosophy, and medical science interested in temporality, conceptions of power, and speculative thought.

This volume argues for the pressing need to understand the role of religious beliefs, religious scholars, and religious centres in promoting welfare and social protection services for the strengthening of global social welfare systems.

The book contributes to research around the integration of faith-based financing into global and local welfare strategies by looking at the Twelver Shia Muslims as a distinct group, presenting ethnographical analysis and interviews gathered from Twelver Shia community members and religious scholars. Chapters explore social welfare lessons learnt by the global Shia community, the level of awareness and commitment to mandatory and voluntary religious finances, (including Zakat, Khums, Waqf, and Sadaqat), and the fears and barriers to advancing faith-led social welfare efforts. The book ultimately presents contemporary realities from the Twelver Shia community, identifies gaps between teachings and practices for religious financing, and highlights internal community challenges around collective efforts for welfare development.

The book will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and postgraduate students in the fields of sociology of religion, religion and economics, public policy, religious studies, and Islamic studies more broadly.

The Republic of Ireland lived under one of the strictest abortion bans in Europe for decades, then in 2018, their voters passed one of the most liberal abortion provision schemes in the world.

Pills & Protest: Abortion Access in Ireland tells the story of how feminist activists strategically used abortion pills to help people while abortion was illegal and to influence the legal and medical changes to come. Drawing on three years of interviews with activists, doctors, and politicians in Ireland, Brenna McCaffrey illuminates the story of how the abortion pill transitioned from a controversial object to a legally recognized medical solution. The result is an energizing story - one of creative protest, passion, and activism in pursuit of reproductive freedom. Pills and Protest demonstrates how understanding medication abortion is essential to understanding reproductive healthcare in Ireland - and globally - today.

Rather than focusing solely on government policy, the book explores everyday life in urban and rural China during the pandemic. It shows how people navigated uncertainty and how those experiences continue to shape daily practices after the crisis. It also explores how large-scale public health measures were interpreted and adapted.

Drawing on interviews, digital diaries, and fieldwork conducted from 2020 to 2025, the book compares urban experiences in Wuhan with rural responses in provinces such as Henan and Hubei. The book highlights well-known moments, such as the Wuhan lockdown, village checkpoints, and community self-organisation. It also examines less visible practices, including mutual aid, humor, informal care, and everyday moral decision-making. A distinctive contribution of the book is its focus on the post-pandemic period. Rather than treating recovery as a return to normal life, the book illustrates how people gradually rebuild routines, relationships, and expectations amid ongoing uncertainty. The book treats the pandemic not as a temporary disruption followed by recovery but as a formative experience that reshapes how ordinary people understand responsibility, security, and everyday life over time.

This book will be valuable for scholars and students of politics, public health, and sociology, especially those interested in the unique Chinese experience of the pandemic.

Now in its fifth edition, Exploring Medical Anthropology provides a concise and engaging introduction to medical anthropology. It presents competing theoretical perspectives in a balanced fashion, highlighting points of conflict and convergence. Concrete examples and the authors' personal research experiences are utilized to explain some of the discipline's most important insights, such as the idea that biology and culture matter equally in the human experience of illness and disease and that medical anthropology can help alleviate human suffering.

This text has been thoroughly updated for the fifth edition, including new material on intersectionality, reproductive health, and public health (including Covid-19); additional material on theory and methods, including rapid ethnographic assessment; and additional ethnographic case examples and anthropological scholarship.

It contains a range of pedagogical features to support teaching and learning, including images, text boxes, a glossary, and suggested further reading.

This timely volume addresses the interpersonal, institutional, and structural factors underpinning inequities in healthcare access, experiences, and outcomes among racialised communities living in the United Kingdom (UK) today.

Bringing together researchers from the UK and Ireland, ranging from established scholars and early-career researchers to those working at the interface of research and community health, this volume assembles their trailblazing work to examine the complex relationship between race, racism, and health. Organised according to the following six themes: Questioning, Research and Data, Maternal Health, Mis/Trust in Services, Chronic Conditions and the Social Determinants of Health, and Beyond Resilience, the chapters uncover how racially unjust systems and practices generate unequal outcomes, while outlining the urgent changes needed to redress these systemic inequities. By examining how racial inequities are produced, sustained, and compounded across key domains of society, healthcare, and health research, the volume offers a critical guide for understanding and, more importantly, addressing racial and ethnic inequities in health in the UK.

This unique and important book is essential reading for educators, students, and policy makers within public health, medical education, public policy, and beyond.

In 1960, 21-year-old Berta Zuther left her life in West Berlin behind to join African American missionary Andrew Foster in Ghana, thus embarking on a journey that would span three continents and result in the establishment of schools for the deaf across Africa. Berta and Andrew were both deaf themselves. They got married in Nigeria in 1961 and devoted their lives to building educational opportunities for deaf Africans - founding 32 schools, churches, and community centers in 13 African countries between 1957 and 2009.

This volume places Berta Foster at the center of interest, a woman who has remained largely invisible in existing accounts of her husband's pioneering educational mission. While Andrew Foster has been celebrated as an icon in Black and Deaf American history, Berta's crucial contributions as administrator and driving force not just behind their German support network have been overlooked. Drawing on private family archives, including hundreds of personal letters, and interviews with family members as well as former students and colleagues from deaf communities in Ghana and Nigeria, this book explores how deafness, gender, and race intersected in the lives of a Christian couple working across cultural boundaries during the Cold War era.

Deaf German Missionary Berta Foster (1939-2018) and Deaf Education in West Africa will be beneficial to students of Deaf History, Disability History, Diversity History, West African History, German History, American History.

Integrated Behavioral Health: Applying the Biodyne Model in Healthcare offers a fully modernized, post-pandemic reframing of integrated care.

Tackling today's most pressing realities - health disparities, trauma exposure among patients and providers, and the structural challenges that limit access, equity, and sustainability across global healthcare systems - this authoritative text blends evidence, strategy, and innovation across three focused sections:

• Section 1 establishes essential foundations of integrated care, including contemporary reimbursement and value-based payment models.
• Section 2 defines the structural pillars of high-performing systems - interprofessional ethics, quality metrics, health equity and inclusion, and the accelerating role of technology and innovation.
• Section 3 modernizes the Biodyne Model by focusing on population-based implementation, addressing current demographic trends and marginalized populations across the lifespan.

Providing a strategic road map for reimagining healthcare and placing patients back at the center as empowered partners, the authors position integrated behavioral health as the catalyst for innovation and sustainable system transformation, offering effective strategies to improve outcomes.

Following in the footsteps of the seminal Refocused Psychotherapy as the First Line Intervention in Behavioral Health, which advanced the integrated behavioral health model, this book is a must-read for healthcare entrepreneurs, executives, clinical leaders, and advanced students and educators seeking scalable, whole-person solutions.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 International license.

Healthcare is a complex industry that requires efficiency, safety, and quality of care. Hospitals utilize structured problem-solving methodologies like the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle and A3 thinking to achieve these goals. However, many healthcare professionals lack formal training in these methods.

Healthcare Kaizen in Action: 30 Case Studies for Rapid Improvement presents 30 real-life examples of rapid improvement events in various healthcare settings. This book introduces the core principles of the PDSA cycle and A3 thinking and provides a detailed 10-day timeline for implementing a Rapid Improvement Event (RIE) in a healthcare environment. Included are 30 collaboration briefs that detail specific improvement initiatives, such as reducing emergency department wait times, optimizing surgical scheduling, improving medication administration processes, and enhancing inventory management practices. Each brief follows a structured format, enabling readers to readily understand the case studies and apply the insights to their organizations. The case studies are organized by problem type, making it easy for readers to find solutions relevant to their challenges and identify actionable strategies to improve healthcare operations.

This book provides knowledge and tools for healthcare professionals to drive meaningful changes in their organizations, promoting continuous improvement and reducing inefficiencies. It is concise and actionable, aiming to improve patient outcomes and healthcare systems for nurses, physicians, hospital administrators, and process improvement specialists.

Many social workers and policymakers feel frustrated by the revolving door of cases closing, only to be reopened, or by stalemates that stand in the way of the desired progress. The Trauma Root of Social Work provides social workers and social policymakers with an accessible understanding of trauma, where it comes from, and the benefits of trauma-proactive social work.

This book explains the concept of the trauma wall, its appearance in our lives and work, and how it can be broken down by recognising and addressing root causes to achieve better and more sustainable outcomes in social work. It describes the mechanisms involved in high stress levels and brain development to explain the reactive behaviour and attitudes encountered in social work. Practical approaches aid social workers in supporting people with unresolved trauma in case work. The book leaves readers better equipped to know how to break down the trauma wall, enabling them to develop more effective policy and practice to really resolve and close cases.

This book is an invaluable resource for social workers and social policymakers involved in creating the structures, frameworks, and regulations for social work at all levels. Additionally, it is useful for anyone looking to break down the trauma wall at individual, family, community, and societal levels to promote positive change and address the current polycrisis.

Beyond the Human Touch: AI's Revolution in Healthcare provides a comprehensive, accessible, and engaging exploration of how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare. The book aims to serve as a definitive guide for healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers, and students, offering insights into the practical applications, ethical considerations, and future potential of AI in the healthcare sector. This book benefits the healthcare and AI communities by:

• Providing a thorough understanding of how AI technologies are being integrated into various aspects of healthcare
• Offering practical insights and strategies for implementing AI in clinical and administrative settings
• Highlighting the ethical and regulatory considerations necessary for responsible AI adoption
• Envisioning the future of AI in healthcare, including its potential to address global health disparities

This publication is not approved, endorsed, or authorized by the Social Security Administration. The information contained in this publication can be found free of charge at www.ssa.gov.

The Social Security Handbook: Overview of Social Security Programs provides information about Social Security programs and services, and identifies rights and obligations under the Social Security laws. This completely updated Handbook, organized by section number, is a readable, easy-to-understand reference for comprehending complex Social Security programs and services and contains information on several topics relevant to Social Security policies:

?How Social Security programs are administered
?Who is and isn't covered under retirement, survivors, disability, and hospital insurance programs
?Who is responsible for submitting the necessary evidence to support a claim
?How claims are processed by the Social Security office
?What Social Security benefits are owed to you
?How to obtain information about your rights under Social Security policy

The Handbook is designed to help users understand the gray areas of the Social Security Act, and to provide critical information about rights and obligations under Social Security laws.

The Handbook outlines how to:
?Protect your benefits and avoid benefit loss;
?Monitor government agencies and get information about policy changes that will affect your benefits;
?Make the most of hospital and Medicare coverage;
?Determine the amount of benefits that are subject to federal income taxes;
?Check Social Security earnings and benefits; and
?Get up-to-date news about future Social Security programs and services.

This book provides an accessible introduction to critical disability studies, which helps students question existing notions of disability and interrogate how these have become embedded in our social and cultural understanding of disability.

This interdisciplinary text, authored by a team of leading critical disability scholars, defines and explains the core foundational concepts and models referred to in disability studies literature: the medical model, the tragedy model of disability, the social model, the cultural model, the human rights model, the affirmation model and critical disability studies. These seven particular models have been selected due to the centrality of their influence on people with disability, wider society and culture and the academic study of disability. These models provide students with new ways of understanding how disability interfaces with society and offer students from a variety of disciplines an important foundation for any further formal study in this area. This text is also co-designed with students studying models of disability, so the authors fully understand the issues students experience when learning about these models, and this text actively addresses how to overcome them.

This book will be an essential resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying critical disability studies from various disciplines including media and cultural studies, communication studies, disability studies and sociology.

This fully revised and expanded third edition presents an overview of the criminal justice system for social workers, exploring the networks and institutions that comprise it. Integrating social work ethics and a commitment to social justice, each chapter explores social work practice roles to address social problems within the criminal justice system while promoting the development of knowledge, skills, and critical reflection.

This textbook covers four key areas for social work practice (legislation, law enforcement, courts, and corrections) as well as providing insights into police social work, forensic social work, and correctional social work. The revised edition has also been updated to include four new chapters on:

• The global criminal justice and social work collaboration issues associated with immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers
• Social worker safety in criminal justice settings
• Vulnerable populations with a discussion on risk and resilience
• International criminal justice social work

Every chapter concludes with a helpful summary of social work practice implications, alongside key terms and suggestions for further reading. Examining the challenges and opportunities of social work practice in the criminal justice system, this is the ideal textbook for social work instructors, students, and practitioners working in this field.

This book critically examines the theoretical and practical foundations of contemporary social policy through the lens of heterodox economic thought.

Despite decades of academic debate and institutional reform, contemporary social policy remains largely anchored in the liberal tradition of equality of opportunity. While this paradigm has advanced important conversations about fairness and justice, it has also become a conceptual boundary that limits more radical critiques of inequality and structural exclusion and exploitation. By rethinking the pervasive focus on equality of opportunity, this volume invites a transition toward the less explored but arguably more transformative principle of equality of place. In contrast to the dominant framework that emphasizes individual access and meritocratic mobility within existing structures, the chapters collected here explore the institutional, spatial, and collective transformations necessary for genuine social justice. Drawing from a wide array of heterodox traditions, including post-Keynesian, stratification economics, structuralist, feminist, ecological, and the common's perspectives, the volume is organized into two main sections: theoretical debates and applied issues. Together, these contributions interrogate the foundations of mainstream policy frameworks and propose alternative paradigms rooted in redistribution, decommodification, and the commons.

The book will be of great interest to readers in heterodox economics, political economy, social policy, and public policy more broadly.

This timely volume explores the relationship between environmental responsibility and pharmaceutical innovation, providing insights into how sustainable methods are already changing pharmaceutical research, as well as discussing their impact on medical science and healthcare in the future.

Highlighting a range of cutting-edge topics such as green chemistry, waste reduction, energy efficiency and the development of eco-friendly pharmaceuticals, the book provides a comprehensive overview of how the pharmaceutical industry is being revolutionized by sustainable practices. Readers will also learn about biocatalysis, renewable feedstocks and environmentally benign solvents, spotlighting their roles in reducing the environmental footprint of drug production. Featuring case studies which offer practical insights and lessons learned, the book addresses the multidisciplinary nature of environmental sustainability by bridging the gaps between pharmaceutical science, environmental science, engineering and policymaking.

This will be a valuable resource for researchers, students and professionals alike.